Effect of Level of Inclusion of Antigen-Fee Soya Protein Concentrate in a Whey-Based Milk Substitute for Calves

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 138-138
Author(s):  
I J F Stobo ◽  
P Ganderton ◽  
M W Perfitt
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
List Type ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Soya Protein Concentrate ◽  
Milk Substitute

The objectives of the experiment were:1.To assess the suitability of antigen-free soya protein concentrate (SPC) and whey products as major ingredients and the sole protein source in milk substitute diets for calves.2.To compare the effects of inclusion rates of 0, 350 and 700 g protein from SPC/kg dietary protein.3.To investigate the suitability of introducing these diets to calves at 2 or at 16 days of age.A fat-filled whey based milk substitute (diet WP1) was compared with similar diets in which SPC provided 350 g/kg protein (diet SK1J or 700 g/kg protein (diet SK2). Thirty-six Friesian bull calves were given one of these three diets reconstituted in water (1 powder:6 water w/w), offered at 38°C by bucket to appetite in two feeds daily, either at 2 days of age or after a 14-day period in which they were given a skim-based milk substitute (diet WP4).

Effect of dietary protein level on some key enzymes of the tryptophan-NAD pathway

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Satyanarayana ◽  
B. S. Narasinga Rao
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
List Type ◽  
Key Enzymes ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dietary Protein Level ◽  
Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase

1.Six groups of rats were given diets containing protein at three levels (SO, 100 and 200 g/kg), with and without nicotinic acid. After 4 weeks on these diets some key enzymes of the tryptophan and nicotinic acid-NAD pathway, liver nicotinamide nucleotide concentration, and urinary metabolites of tryptophan and nicotinic acid were studied.2.Liver nicotinamide nucleotide levels were lower in rats given the diet with 50 g protein/kg as compared to those in rats given diets with 100 and 200 g protein/kg. The addition of nicotinic acid to the diet resulted in a significant increase in the levels of nicotinamide nucleotides only in rats given 50 g protein/kg diet but not in those given either 100 or 200 g protein/kg diet.3.Liver tryptophan oxygenase (EC 1.13.1.12) activity increased with increasing dietary protein level. Nicotinic acid in the diet had no effect on its activity.4.Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.a) activity in liver was inversely related to dietary protein level, and nicotinic acid in the diet had no effect on its activity.5.Liver nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.11) activity and kidney picolinate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.45) activity were not altered either by dietary protein level or nicotinic acid in the diet.6.The addition of nicotinic acid to the diet resulted in increased excretion of W-methylnicotinamide at all dietary protein levels.7.The inverse relationship between protein level in the diet and liver quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity, the rate-limiting enzyme of the tryptophan-NAD pathway suggests that the efficiency of conversion of tryptophan to NAD is related to protein level in the diet, the efficiency decreasing with an increase in the level of dietary protein.

scholarly journals Changes in chemical constituents and overall acceptability of papaya jam fortified with soya protein during storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimas Bayu PINANDOYO ◽  
Arisadi MASNAR
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Soya Protein Concentrate ◽  
Papaya Pulp

Processed fruit products commonly contain very low protein due to the heat treatment during processing period. This article presents the researchresults concerning the increase of nutrition value of papaya jam fortified with soya protein concentrate. Papaya jam prepared with ratio 40:1, 40:2, 40:3, 40:4, and 40:5 (v/v) of papaya pulp and soya protein concentrate. The treatment of papaya jam and soya protein with the highest acceptability was then analyzed for the changes in chemical constituents and overall acceptability at monthly interval during three months of storage. The parameters that being analyzed were moisture content, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, total and reducing sugars, non-enzymatic browning, acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoid, total phenol, crude protein, and total plate count.  The results showed that fortified papaya jams prepared with papaya pulp and soy protein concentrate ratio at 40:1 had the highest acceptability. During storage time it revealed that moisture content, TSS, pH, total and reducing sugars, and non-enzymatic browning increased, while acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, phenols, total antioxidants and crude protein contents of jam decreased. Fortification of papaya jam with soya protein concentrate (40:1 v/v) increased crude protein content on average from 3.15% to 4.16%. Total plate count (TPC) indicated that no microbial contamination during 3 months storage period. It can be concluded that papaya jam fortified with soya protein concentrate remained acceptable during storage although the acceptability decreased over time.

scholarly journals Influence of caecal microflora and of two dietary protein levels on the adaptation of the exocrine pancreas: comparative study in germ-free and conventional rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne F. Lhoste ◽  
Isabelle Catala ◽  
Michèle Fiszlewicz ◽  
A. M. Gueugneau ◽  
Fran¸oise Popot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Enzyme Content

AbstractDietary proteins are degraded by both endogenous enzymes and the caecal microflora. In conventional rats the enzyme content of the pancreas depends on the amount of dietary protein. The influence of the caecal microflora on this process is unknown. We report here the effect of the caecal microflora on pancreatic enzymes (proteases, amylase (EC3.2.1.l), lipase (EC3.1.1.3)) and on colonic metabolites (NH3, urea, short-chain fatty acids). Germ-free and conventional male Fischer rats were fed for 3 weeks with a diet containing 220 or 450 g protein/kg provided as a mixture of fish concentrate and soyabean isolate. The excretion of NH3, and the pH were specifically increased by the high-protein diet in the germ-free rats. The higher production of isobutyrate, valerate and isovalerate in conventional rats fed on the high-protein diet reflected a high bacterial proteolytic activity since these short-chain fatty acids are specific indicators of this activity. The microflora hydrolysed urea to NH3and maintained the pH at neutrality whatever the amount of protein in the diet since there were changes in germ-free rats but not in conventional ones. In germ-free rats, amylase, trypsin (EC3.4.21.4), elastase (EC3.4.21.36) and carboxypeptidase A (EC3.4.17.1) specific activities were significantly lower than in conventional rats. The adaptation of the pancreas to the 450 g protein/kg diet was not impaired by the bacterial status except for the specific activity of chymotrypsin (EC3.4.21.1) which was more increased by this diet in germ-free than in conventional rats. Moreover, the specific activity of lipase increased only in conventional rats fed on the 450g protein/kg diet. In conclusion, we observed a relationship between the enzyme content of the pancreas and the presence or absence of the caecal microflora suggesting that bacterial fermentation influences pancreatic function.

scholarly journals The susceptibility of suckling lambs to zinc toxicity

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Davies ◽  
H. S. Soliman ◽  
W. Corrigall ◽  
A. Flett
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Zinc Toxicity ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Milk Diet ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Milk Substitute

1.Suckling lambs maintained for 4 weeks on a milk-substitute diet containing 407 g Toprina yeast/kg dry matter of diet exhibited poor growth, low appetite and extensive renal damage.2.The batch of yeast used contained 2065 mg zinc/kg.3.The kidneys of lambs offered a milk diet supplemented with the same Zn content as the yeast-fed diet (32.1 mg Zn/1000 kJ) were similarly affected.

scholarly journals Dietary soya protein concentrate enriched with isoflavones reduced fatty liver, increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation and decreased the hepatic mRNA level of VLDL receptor in obese Zucker rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oddrun A. Gudbrandsen ◽  
Hege Wergedahl ◽  
Sverre Mørk ◽  
Bjørn Liaset ◽  
Marit Espe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Vldl Receptor ◽  
Soya Protein Concentrate ◽  
Triacylglycerol Level ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

Casein-based diets containing a low (LDI) or high (HDI) dose of soya protein concentrate enriched with isoflavones were fed to obese Zucker rats for 6 weeks. HDI feeding, but not LDI feeding, reduced the fatty liver and decreased the plasma levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. This was accompanied by increased activities of mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in liver and increased triacylglycerol level in plasma. The decreased fatty liver and the increased plasma triacylglycerol level appeared not to be caused by an increased secretion of VLDL, as HDI decreased the hepatic mRNA levels of apo B and arylacetamide deacetylase. However, the gene expression of VLDL receptor was markedly decreased in liver, but unchanged in epididymal white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of rats fed HDI, indicating that the liver may be the key organ for the reduced clearance of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins from plasma after HDI feeding. The n−3/n−6, 20:4n-/8:2n−6 and (20:5n−3+22:6n−3)/18:3n−3 ratios were increased in liver triacylglycerol by HDI. The phospholipids in liver of rats fed HDI contained a low level of 20:4n−6 and a high level of 20:5n−3, favouring the production of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. When obese Zucker rats were fed soya protein, this also resulted in reduced fatty liver, possibly through reduced clearance of VLDL by the liver. We conclude that the isoflavone-enriched soya concentrate as well as soya protein may be promising dietary supplements for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver.

scholarly journals Fermented Alfalfa Meal Instead of “Grain-Type” Feedstuffs in the Diet Improves Intestinal Health Related Indexes in Weaned Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuheng Luo ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yuqing Shen ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Soya Protein Concentrate ◽  
Alfalfa Meal

Corn and soybean meal are the two main components in formula feed of farm animals, leading to a serious food competition between humans and livestock. An alternative may be to encourage the utilization of unconventional feedstuff in animal diet. In the current study, we evaluated the utilization of fermented alfalfa meal (FAM) in weaned pigs. Twenty weaned piglets (separately caged) were randomly divided into two groups. Pigs in the control group (CON) were fed corn-soybean meal diet, and part of corn and soya protein concentrate in the diet of another group was replaced by 8% FAM. After 40 days of feeding, the average feed intake of FAM pigs was increased (P > 0.05), and the villus height (VH) of jejunum and duodenum, crypt depth (CD), and VH/CD in FAM pigs was improved compared to the CON group (P < 0.05). The increase (P < 0.05) of goblet cells in the jejunum of FAM pigs was positively correlated with the expression of MUC-2 gene (R = 0.9150). The expression of genes related to immunity (IRAK4, NF-κB, and IL-10) and intestinal barrier (Occludin and MUC-2) in the jejunum, as well as the expression of ZO-1 and MUC-2 in the colon of these pigs, also showed increase (P < 0.05) compared to CON pigs, which was accompanied by the decrease (P < 0.05) of LPS concentration in the serum. The elevated proportion of CD3+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets in spleen (P < 0.05) confirmed the improvement of systemic immune function in FAM pigs. In addition, FAM pigs have a higher β-diversity of microbial community (P < 0.05) and promoted enrichment of probiotics such as Lactobacillus that positively was correlated with acetate concentration in the colon over CON pigs. In summary, partially replacement of expanded corn and soya protein concentrate with FAM (8%) may benefit the intestinal barrier and immune function of weaned pigs without affecting their growth. Our findings also provide evidence of the feasibility of FAM as a dietary component in pigs to reduce the consumption of grain.

Effects of replacing fish meal with soya protein concentrate on growth, feed efficiency and digestibility in diets for snakehead, Channa striata

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 3174-3181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Thanh Hien ◽  
Tran Minh Phu ◽  
Tran Le Cam Tu ◽  
Nguyen Vinh Tien ◽  
Pham Minh Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Soya Protein Concentrate ◽  
Channa Striata
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