The evaluation of draff (malt distillers grains) as a concentrate replacer for dairy cows

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 116-116
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J McKendrick ◽  
D J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Friesian Cows

The investigation was designed to examine the use of draff ensiled with molassed sugar beet nuts (MSBN) as a concentrate replacer in silage based diets for dairy cows.Twenty four British Friesian cows in early lactation were used in a changeover design experiment consisting of 3 x 3 week periods. The cows were allocated to the treatments listed below in such a way that one cow from each of the 12 pairs was allocated to proprietary concentrate treatments and the other to draff treatments for the duration of the experiment.

Effects of replacing barley/soya with malt distillers grains (draff) in silage based complete diets for dairy cows

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
J J Hyslop ◽  
D J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Friesian Cows

In a previous experiment outlined at last year's conference (Hyslop and Roberts, 1988), it was demonstrated that replacement of a proprietary pelleted concentrate with malt distillers grains (draff), should be limited to 15% of total dry matter intake (DMI) when draff is offered in two feeds per day. However there is little evidence to validate such a limitation when draff is used as a concentrate replacement in complete diets. This experiment examined the effect of replacing barley/soya with draff plus additional minerals in silage based complete diets.In a cyclic changeover design experiment consisting of 4 three week periods, fifteen British Friesian cows in early lactation were offered five treatments. Cows were given ad libitum access to one of five complete diets based on grass silage (69 “D”). Draff plus additional minerals gradually replaced barley/soya at increasing rates in diets 0-4 respectively.

The Effect of Dry Matter Content of A Straw/Sugar Beet Pulp Mixture Used As A Buffer Feed When Fed to Dairy Cows at Different Stages of Lactation

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
A Hameleers ◽  
T Bronda ◽  
D J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Friesian Cows

Buffer feeding is a widely used strategy to improve DM intakes from dairy cows at grass. A very wide range of products have been used as buffer feeds resulting in a wide range of responses. Less well understood are which factors are important in explaining these responses. In this experiment the buffer feed characteristic “dry matter content” and the animal factor “stage of lactation” were used as variables in order to gain a better understanding of responses to buffer feeding.Forty Friesian cows, of which 20 were spring calving and 20 autumn calving were used in a continuous design experiment lasting 5 weeks from 3 May until 7 June 1993. The animals were allocated to four treatments on basis of milk yield, liveweight and stage of lactation. The treatments were grazing only (C), grazing and a buffer feed at 30% DM (B30), 50% DM (B50) and 80% DM (B80) and for each treatment half the cows were spring calving (S) or autumn calving (A). The grazing consisted of a 8 ha field of predominantly perennial ryegrass which was split into 4 equal paddocks which were grazed on a daily rotational basis.

Effects of Offering Malt Distillers Grains (Draff) as a Replacement for Concentrates in Silage based Diets for Dairy cows

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
J J Hyslop ◽  
D J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Friesian Cows

The control of milk production costs has gained even greater importance when striving to improve profitability under a quota regime. Consequently there is a resurgence of interest in the use of competitively priced byproduct feedstuffs for dairy cows. However detailed information concerning the use of distillery byproducts under UK conditions is scarce. This experiment examines the effect of replacing a proprietary pelleted concentrate with malt distillers grains (draff).In a changeover design experiment consisting of 4 three week periods, sixteen autumn calving British Friesian cows were offered four treatments, in which draff plus a mineral supplement replaced part of the concentrate allocation. The mineral supplement was formulated and fed to ensure that levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium supplied by the concentrate plus draff/mineral fraction of the diet were equal for all treatments. Cows were offered silage ad libitum with both concentrates and draff/mineral being offered separately in two feeds per day.

The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. J. Steen ◽  
F. J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Factorial Design Experiment ◽  
Friesian Cows

ABSTRACTA 3 × 2 factorial design experiment using 84 British Friesian cows was conducted to assess the effect of offering three types of grass silage and two levels of concentrate supplementation during early lactation on the total lactation performance of cows which calve during January and February. The three types of silage were early-cut wilted (ECW), early-cut unwilted (ECU) and late-cut unwilted (LCU), and the two levels of concentrate supplementation were 538 kg (LC) and 738 kg (HC) during a mean post-calving period of 71 days. The animals had a mean calving date of 29 January and were blocked according to calving date, and allocated at random to the treatments within each block on day 7 of lactation. The treatments were applied from day 7 of lactation until the animals were turned out to pasture on 18 April. Mean milk yields for the indoor period were: HC treatments 1963 (ECW), 1979 (ECU) and 1830 (LCU); LC treatments 1938 (ECW), 1942 (ECU) and 1731 (LCU) ± 41·3 kg; and for the total lactation were: HC treatments 5375 (ECW), 5438 (ECU) and 5284 (LCU); LC treatments 5509 (ECW), 5529 (ECU) and 5316 (LCU) ± 184·1 kg. There was no significant interaction between silage type and level of concentrate supplementation.Milk composition, animal live weight and body condition were not significantly affected by either silage type or level of concentrate supplementation.

Simple mixes of molassed sugar beet feed, field beans and distillers grains for pregnant March-lambing ewes

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 118-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Chapple ◽  
K P A Wheeler ◽  
G Perrott ◽  
M Witt
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Standard Ration

Feeding of lowland sheep on straw-based systems during pregnancy and in early lactation has shown that ewe and lamb performance can be satisfactory, providing adequate compound supplementation is fed (Davies and Chapple, 1995). Whole barley and soya bean meal has been the standard ration. However, soya bean meal is imported and may not be fully traceable. Maize or barley distillers fed with beans could provide traceable protein to replace soya bean meal in sheep diets. Experiments with housed early-lambing ewes and ewes suckling twin lambs at grass have shown that traceable feeds, based on molassed sugar beet and either maize or barley distillers grains, can replace a barley/soya supplement when fed with straw based diets in late pregnancy or at grass (Chappleet al., 1999 and 2000). The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects on ewe and lamb performance of feeding sugar beet feeds with distillers grains and beans to March-lambing ewes on a straw-based system.

Comparison of sugar beet feeds and distillers grains as supplements for early lambing ewes fed straw-based and big-bale silage diets

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 126-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Chapple ◽  
K P A Wheeler ◽  
G Perrott ◽  
M Witt
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal ◽  
Standard Ration

Feeding lowland sheep on straw-based systems during pregnancy (Davies and Chapple 1995) has shown that ewe and lamb performance can be satisfactory, providing adequate compound supplementation was fed. Whole barley and soya bean meal has been the standard ration. Experiments with March-lambing ewes (Chapple et al., 1997) has shown that feeds based on molassed sugar beet feed and maize distillers dark grains can replace a barley/soya supplement. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects on ewe and lamb performance of feeding sugar beet feeds with higher levels of distillers grains to January-lambing ewes on straw-based and big-bale silage systems during pregnancy and early lactation.

Production and composition of milk by dairy cows fed common vetch or lupin grain as protein supplements to a silage and pasture-based diet in early lactation

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Valentine ◽  
BD Bartsch
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Clover Pasture ◽  
Friesian Cows

Milk production and composition were measured for 49 days in early lactation in 40 Holstein-Friesian cows fed 8 kg/day (fresh weight) of 1:1 mixtures of either rolled barley-lupin grain (Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Gungurru) or barley-common vetch grain (Vicia sativa L. cv. Blanche Fleur). All cows were fed 1 kg/day of a pelleted concentrate containing minerals and vitamins, and wilted perennial ryegrass-subterranean clover pasture silage was available ad libitum with restricted grazing of perennial ryegrass-subterranean clover pasture. Cows ate all of the barley-lupin grain and barley-vetch grain mixtures. Mean daily dry matter intakes of silage (kg/cow.day) were 9.9 and 9.8 for cows fed the barley-lupin grain and barley-vetch grain mixtures respectively. Estimated pasture DM intake was 3.0 kg/cow.day. Mean daily yields of milk (L), fat (kg) and protein (kg) were significantly (P<0.001) greater for cows fed the barley-lupin grain mixture (30.3, 1.30 and 0.92 respectively) than for those fed the barley-vetch grain mixture (27.7, 1.23 and 0.87 respectively). Cows fed the barley-vetch grain mixture gained 0.2 kg/day more liveweight than those fed the barley-lupin grain mixture. Although both common vetch grain and lupin grain were readily eaten by dairy cows, when fed as protein supplements to a high quality silage and pasture-based diet in early lactation, cows fed the vetch grain produced less milk and milk components. This may be related to the greater partitioning of nutrients to liveweight gain rather than to toxicity problems in the cows fed vetch grain.

Energy Balance for dairy cows given grass silage with either barley or molassed sugar beet feed in the concentrates

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
D E Beever ◽  
J D Sutton ◽  
S B Cammell ◽  
M J Haines ◽  
M C Spooner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Energy Partition ◽  
Grass Silage

When diets of concentrates and grass silage (70:30) were offered to cows to compare barley (B) and molassed sugar beet feed (SBF) as the major component of the concentrate, calorimelric studies revealed enhanced energy partition towards milk at the expense of tissue repletion on B, during lactation weeks 11-21, whilst heat production was unaffected (Beever et al., 1989). In contrast when Sutton el al. (1988) fed the same diets to early lactation cows SBF increased milk fat and energy yields particularly during weeks 4-10, but less so during weeks 11-14. One possible explanation for this difference in response may relate to the different stages of lactation examined. To investigate this further, energy partition was examined in cows between weeks 6 and 14 of lactation given barley or molassed sugar beet feed based concentrates with approximately equal proportions of grass silage.

scholarly journals Estimation Metabolic Status in High Yielding Dairy Cows During Transition Period and Full Lactation

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Marko Cincovic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Vladimir Kurcubic ◽  
Biljana Andjelic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Blood Concentrations

Background: Major changes in the metabolic functions in high-yielding dairy cows occur during the transitional period and during lactation. Parturition and lactogenesis are accompanied by many physiological changes that facilitate the maintenance of homeostasis Consequently, physiological situations leading to a negative energy balance are coupled to an increased uncontrolled rate of body fat mobilisation and the increased fatty acids accumulation in hepatocytes and blood ketone bodies, resulting in disturbances of the morphological and physiological liver integrity. The objective of the present study was to estimate metabolic status in late pregnant, early lactation and full lactation Holstein dairy cows on the basis changes of blood concentrations of selected biochemical markers.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment included 36 Holstein cows. Three groups of clinically healthy cows were chosen from the herd. Group 1 consisted of late pregnant cows (n = 12) from 30 to 1 day (20 ± 15) to partus; Group 2 comprised early lactation cows (n = 12) in the first month of lactation (15 ± 12 days), and Group 3 included full lactation cows (n = 12) between 60 to 90 days of lactation (81 ± 30 days). Blood samples were collected from all cows, by  punction of the jugular vein. Biochemical testing for markers in the blood serum showed significantly lower values (P < 0.05) of glucose, TG, Tchol. and urea in early cows than in full lactation and late-pregnant cows. The blood concentration of NEFA and BHB  was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the group of cows in early lactation compared to the other groups of cows. The mean tBIL. concentration and the serum AST, GGT and ALT  activities were markedly increased (P < 0.01) in the lactation cows compared to the late pregnant cows. Furthermore, the intensity of lipomobilisation (NEFA or BHB concentrations) correlated positively (P < 0.05) with the markers of cell damage or liver function impairment (tBIL., serum AST, ALT and GGT activities), but negatively (P < 0.05) with the circulating concentrations of compounds synthesised in liver (glucose, TG and urea).Discussion: In dairy cows, it was observed that up to 50 % of females exhibited some lipid accumulation in liver in the first 3 weeks after calving and that fatty liver occurs primarily in this period.  Liver can be categorized into mild, moderate and severe fatty liver as dependent on the degree of pathology and a mild fatty infiltration of liver in dairy cows during lactation is considered to be almost physiological. The blood BHB and NEFA concentrations are markers of lipomobilisation and positively associated with the ketosis and liver steatosis intensity. The simultaneous and parallel variations observed between the extent of the fat infiltration in liver and the serum BHB and NEFA concentrations in puerperal cows clearly indicated that the intense lipomobilisation in the post-partum period has induced lipid overloading and ketogenesis in the liver. On the other hand, it was observed significant decreases in the serum biochemical markers, at least partially synthesised in the liver, such as glucose, TG, Tchol., urea, albumin and TP during the postpartum period. However, the liver steatosis has induced some cellular lesions as evidenced by significant increases in the serum tBIL. concentrations and in the AST, ALT, GGT and LDH enzyme activities in puerperal cows. All these biochemical metabolites may be used as important biochemical markers in the determination of the metabolic status in high-yielding dairy cows during the transition period and during lactation.

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