scholarly journals 3. On the Combined Motions of the Magnetic Needle, and on the Aurora Borealis.

1851 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 334-350
Author(s):  
J. A. Broun
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aurora Borealis ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
True Position ◽  
Magnetic Needle ◽  
The Way

When a steel needle or rod is so constructed that its centre of gravity is in a finely-turned axle at right angles to its length, it will rest in any position when the axle is placed upon polished planes; when, however, we magnetize the needle, it assumes a position which is that of the direction of the magnetic force at the place: in this way we obtain the ordinary dipping-needle. The dipping-needle can obviously move only in one plane, that to which the axle is at right angles; were it possible to suspend it freely, so that it could move in every plane with every variation of the direction of the magnetic force, we should then be able, by observing the variations of its position, to determine at once the laws which a magnet in its true position obeys; this, however, we have not been able to do; even the small variations in the vertical plane, which we might expect to obtain from the ordinary dipping-needle, are nearly or altogether destroyed by the friction of the axle upon its supports; and there are many mechanical difficulties in the way of the other methods of suspension. It has been found convenient, then, to make use of the simplest methods of suspending magnets in a horizontal plane; and to endeavour to deduce, from the composition of their motions, the laws both of the variation of the force with which a truly suspended magnet is directed, and of the direction of that force itself.

scholarly journals XVII. On the laws of the deviation of magnetized needles towards iron

1828 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 325-360
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Law ◽  
Freely Suspended ◽  
Magnetic Needle

The deviations of a magnetized needle from its natural direction in the plane in which it is constrained to move, due to the action of masses of iron, may be referred to a very simple law, excepting in those cases where the length of the needle bears a very sensible ratio to the distance of the iron. The law is this: if we suppose that the centre of a magnetic particle in the direction of the terrestrial magnetic force, or the centre of a small magnetic needle freely suspended by its centre of gravity, coincides with the centre of the needle whose motion is restricted; that the iron attracts both poles of this particle, or freely suspended needle; and that the whole, or very nearly the whole action takes place on these poles;—then the position of the other needle, in the plane in which it is constrained to move, will be found by referring the freely suspended needle to that plane, by a plane perpendicular to the first. The truth of this being established by experiment, it is very clear that whatever may be the position of a mass of iron, the direction of the deviations of a horizontal or dipping needle due to its action, will be immediately indicated, and a sufficiently simple calculation will give the amount. Several years have elapsed since I first pointed out this law, showing at the same time, by a series of experiments, that the observed deviations are in conformity with it. I have since omitted no opportunity of submitting it to the test of experiment; and taking it as the basis of calculation, have always found, except indeed in cases, as I have before stated, of too great proximity of the disturbing body, that the results which I obtained approximated so closely to the observations, as to leave no doubt in my own mind of its correctness. However, the truth of this law has latterly been called in question; and, in a paper published in the Transactions of last year, some experiments on horizontal needles, having their magnetism unequally distributed in the two branches, are described, which are considered by the author as quite decisive of its fallacy. It is not my intention to enter into an examination of what are there, erroneously I apprehend, considered as the effects that would result from this law, when the equal distribution of magnetism in the two branches of a needle has been disturbed. Immediately after having heard that paper read, I proceeded to ascertain some circumstances which appear to have been overlooked in these experiments, and then noted what, according to the law in question, ought to be the deviations of a needle having either of its branches “deteriorated” when in different positions with respect to an iron shell. Not being then in possession of the experimental results in that paper, I could not compare my conclusions with them; but on doing so when the Part of the Transactions was published, I found them perfectly to accord.

scholarly journals On the variable intensity of ter­restrial magnetism, and the influence of the aurora borealis upon it

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 37-38
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
The Sun ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Aurora Borealis ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Snow Storms ◽  
Magnetic Needle

The author gives the results of a series of observations on the vibrations of the magnetic needle, which he undertook last summer, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the intensity of its directive force is affected by the changes in the earth’s distance from the sun, or by its declination with respect to the plane of its equator. He observed that the magnetic intensity is subject to frequent variations, which are sometimes sudden, and of short duration. These anomalies he has been unable to refer to any obvious cause, except when they were accompanied by the appearance of the aurora borealis, which evidently affected the needle on many occasions. He also thinks that the vibrations of the needle became less rapid with a moist atmosphere, and more so when it was very dry. Changes of the wind and snow storms appeared also to be attended with fluc­tuations in the intensity of the magnetism. He endeavoured to ascertain whether there existed any decided and constant difference in the directive force of each pole; conceiving that, on the hypothesis of a central magnetic force, the north pole of the magnet would, in these northern latitudes, be acted upon with much greater energy than the south pole. From his observing that the relative intensity of the two poles is not always the same, he infers the probability of the earth’s magnetism being derived from the agency of electric currents existing under its surface as well as above it, and that the rapid fluctuations in its intensity are owing to meteorological changes. The author is led to conclude that the aurora borealis is an elec­trical phenomenon, and that it usually moves during the night nearly from north to south, and in an opposite direction during the day ; that it is of the nature of positive electricity; and that its elevation above the earth is much greater than a thousand, and perhaps thou­sands of miles.

Two Egyptian Construction Tools

1993 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
John F. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
The Other

Among the objects in the Ramses II exhibition at Fair Park in Dallas in 1989 were two tools from the tomb of Sen-nedjem, one of Ramses II's workmen. One was a level for determining the horizontal plane, the other was a plumb level for determining the vertical plane.

scholarly journals XXIV. On the diurnal deviations of the horizontal needle when under the influence of magnets

1823 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 342-392 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Freely Suspended ◽  
Reverse Position

Having been for a considerable time engaged in investi­gating different magnetical phaenomena, a suggestion of Mr. Barlow's, that the daily variation of the needle might be rendered more sensible by diminishing the directive force by means of a magnet, was received by me with much interest. He stated to me, that he proposed so to reduce the terrestrial force, that instead of the daily variation being only ten or twelve minutes, it should amount to three or four degrees, or more if necessary. In consequence of this I offered to make simultaneous observations, simply for the purpose of comparison ; but having been led to prosecute the inquiry farther than I at first intended, I think that the observations which I have made, with much care, may not be deemed unworthy the attention of the Royal Society. In making these observations, I adopted an arrangement different from that which Mr. Barlow informed me he pro­posed making use of. Instead of one magnet applied towards the end of the needle, and in the same horizontal plane with it, it appeared to me that a more equable distribution of the forces acting on the needle would be obtained, if I substitute two, and still more so if these were placed in the line of the dip. According to the manner in which I have for a long time viewed the nature of the forces which give direction to the horizontal needle, and their disturbance by other forces, it appeared to me that, by applying two magnets to the needle in the line which it would take if freely suspended by its centre of gravity, but having their poles in the reverse position to those of the needle, one above and the other below its centre, a portion of the forces acting upon the horizontal needle in the line of these magnets, or of the dip, would be destroyed; and it would therefore still be acted upon by forces in the same direction as before, but of less intensity : whereas by even applying the poles of two magnets to the corresponding poles of the needle, and in the same plane with them, the horizontal directive force of the needle would be diminished, by increasing the angle which the resultant of the terrestrial forces, and those of the magnet made with the horizon ; and which would be nearly equivalent to increasing the angle of the dip.

The Horizontal-Vertical Illusion: Transfer of Illusion Decrement

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleana Kubi ◽  
Burton M. Slotnick
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Practice Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Alternate Form ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
And Performance

Subjects first adjusted 20 vertical lines to be equal in length to the horizontal line in small or large inverted-T figures and were then given 10 additional trials on the other size figure. Vertical lines were made significantly shorter than the horizontal line but accuracy gradually improved and performance was not disrupted by the switch in figure size. By Trial 30, adjusted vertical lines did not differ from the length of the horizontal line. Other subjects were first tested on the small inverted-T figure and then asked to produce 1-in. lines in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane. These subjects also improved on the adjustment task but, on the production task, were no more accurate than control subjects who were not given practice on the adjustment task. Thus, the magnitude of the Horizontal-Vertical Illusion decreases with practice alone and this practice effect readily transfers to figures of other sizes but not to an alternate form of the illusion. The potential factors responsible for the improvement and transfer are discussed.

scholarly journals Account of the repetition of Mr. Christie’s experiments on the magnetic properties imparted to an iron plate by rotation, at Port Bowen, in May and June, 1825

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 293-296
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Iron Plate

In these communications are recorded all the magnetic observations made by Lieutenant Foster, alone or in conjunction with Captain Parry and the other officers of the Northwestern Expedition, in the years 1824 and 1825; and they embrace a variety of points of prominent interest in the theory of magnetism. They are digested under separate heads, according as they refer to one or other of the following points:— 1. The variation, and its daily and hourly change. 2. The dip, and the changes observed in it. 3. The intensity of the earth’s magnetic force, as estimated in a horizontal plane, and that of the dipping-needle, as referred to its natural direction.

Gnomonic Projections on two planes

1906 ◽  
Vol 14 (65) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unit Distance ◽  
Simultaneous Use

The gnomonic projection in which the faces of crystals are represented by the points where their normals through a fixed point–the centre of projection–meet a plane–the plane of projection–is already widely used by crystallographers. I propose in the following pages to show the advantages of the simultaneous use of two such planes of projection.It is in most cases convenient for the two planes to be at right angles, and for the centre of projection to be at an equal (unit) distance from each. Circumstances, however, in some cases render it desirable to vary these conditions. When the planes are at right angles, one may conveniently be described as the horizontal plane, and the other as the vertical plane.

Development and regional planning within the decentralized administrative frame: case study (the Jordanian Experiment)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Mansour Safran
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Way

This aims to review and analyze the Jordanian experiment in the developmental regional planning field within the decentralized managerial methods, which is considered one of the primary basic provisions for applying and success of this kind of planning. The study shoed that Jordan has passed important steps in the way for implanting the decentralized administration, but these steps are still not enough to established the effective and active regional planning. The study reveled that there are many problems facing the decentralized regional planning in Jordan, despite of the clear goals that this planning is trying to achieve. These problems have resulted from the existing relationship between the decentralized administration process’ dimensions from one side, and between its levels which ranged from weak to medium decentralization from the other side, In spite of the official trends aiming at applying more of the decentralized administrative policies, still high portion of these procedures are theoretical, did not yet find a way to reality. Because any progress or success at the level of applying the decentralized administrative policies doubtless means greater effectiveness and influence on the development regional planning in life of the residents in the kingdom’s different regions. So, it is important to go a head in applying more steps and decentralized administrative procedures, gradually and continuously to guarantee the control over any negative effects that might result from Appling this kind of systems.   © 2018 JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association

Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽  
Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Way ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

Ibn-Ul-Arabi's Cultural Environment that Influenced Him

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Assist. Prof. Dr. Kazım Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

The cultural environment of Ibn al-Arabi is in Andalusia, Spain today. There, on the one hand, Sufism, on the other hand, thinks like Ibn Bacce (Death.1138), Ibn Tufeyl (Death186), Ibn Rushd (Death.1198) and the knowledge and philosophy inherited by scholars, . Ibn al-Arabi (1165-1240), that was the effect of all this; But more mystic (mystic) circles came out of the way. This work, written by Ibn al-Arabi's works (especially Futuhati Mekkiye), also contains a very small number of other relevant sources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document