Biodegradation, an Environmental Solution to Some Toxic Organic Compounds

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Dickson L. S. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Pcb Biodegradation

The failure of conventional waste-treatment methods to solve problems associated with complex industrial wastes, suggests that we must re-examine our approach to this problem. Two distinct types of biodegradation, homogeneous and heterogeneous, have been recognized to occur in the environment and are distinguished according to the solubility or insolubility, respectively, of the compound involved. Unfortunately, many of the most persistent toxic compounds fall into the second or insoluble category, and conventional treatment processes are inefficient in dealing with them.Our studies have shown that the primary site of the biodegradation of these persistent compounds is at the substance–water interface and that the rate of such biodegradation can be greatly increased if the tested compound can be suspended in an aqueous phase as a fine stable emulsion. Our recent work on PCB biodegradation exemplifies the benefit of a multidisciplinary approach in solving environmental problems, and supports the need to continue fundamental research in such areas of applied environmental science.

scholarly journals Zahn-Wellens Test in Industrial Wastewater Biodegradability Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Płuciennik-Koropczuk ◽  
Sylwia Myszograj
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Degradation Degree ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Waste Treatment

Abstract Biodegradability of pollution contained in examined industrial wastewater was assessed according to methodology based on Zahn-Wellens (OECD 302B) test. The following kinds of wastewater were examined: - metal industry wastewater from aluminium pressure foundry; - wastewater from industrial waste treatment processes, such as: filtration waste, chemical reagents, coolants, water emulsions, oil wastes and other industrial wastes, galvanising waste treatment processes sludge. Samples COD value decrease in the subsequent days of the experiment proves that organic substances contained in the examined wastewater undergo gradual biodegradability in aerobic conditions. The highest biodegradability degree of aluminium pressure foundry wastewater equal 65.7% was noted during 28 day of the experiment. However, the minimum biodegradability degree equal 80% after 13 aeration days, which in Zahn-Wellens test allows to determine the examined substance to be biodegradable, has not been achieved. Meanwhile, Zahn-Wellens test conducted for wastewater from industrial waste treatment processes showed that in the day 14 of the process, high (87.1%) organic substance degradation degree, measured with COD value decrease, was achieved. Further aeration of the samples did not increase biodegradability, which equalled 87.9% after 28 days.

scholarly journals Biodegradation Of Iron Industry And Gold Industrial Wastewater By White Rot Fungi – Calocybe Indica & Agaricus Bisporus Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 431-441
Author(s):  
Mahesha V ◽  
◽  
Dr. Chitra P ◽  
R. Ragunathan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Calocybe Indica

Increasing discharge and improper management of liquid and solid industrial wastes have created a great concern among industrialists and the scientific community over their economic treatment and safe disposal. Hence, there is a growing need for the development of novel, efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach for the remediation for these industries released into the environment and to safeguard the ecosystem. In this regard, recent advances in wastewater of heavy metal have propelled bioremediation as a prospective alternative to conventional techniques. Heavy metals are toxic and dangerous to the ecosystem. White rot fungi (WRF) are versatile and robust organisms having enormous potential for oxidative bioremediation of a variety of toxic chemical pollutants due to high tolerance to toxic substances in the environment. The decolorization and detoxification potential of WRF can be harnessed thanks to emerging knowledge of the physiology of these organisms as well as of the bio catalysis and stability characteristics of their enzymes. This knowledge will need to be transformed into reliable and robust waste treatment processes.

scholarly journals The “ReWaste4.0” Project—A Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 764
Author(s):  
Renato Sarc
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Mixed Waste ◽  
Further Development

ReWaste4.0 is an innovative and cooperative K-Project in the period 2017–2021. Through ReWaste4.0 the transformation of the non-hazardous mixed municipal and commercial waste treatment industry towards a circular economy has started by investigating and applying the new approaches of the Industry 4.0. Vision of the ReWaste4.0 is, among others, the development of treatment plants for non-hazardous waste into a “Smart Waste Factory” in which a digital communication and interconnection between material quality and machine as well as plant performance is reached. After four years of research and development, various results have been gained and the present review article summarizes, links and discuss the outputs (especially from peer-reviewed papers) of seven sub-projects, in total, within the K-project and discusses the main findings and their relevance and importance for further development of the waste treatment sector. Results are allocated into three areas, namely: contaminants in mixed waste and technical possibilities for their reduction as well as removal; secondary raw and energy materials in mixed waste and digitalization in waste characterization and treatment processes for mixed waste. The research conducted in ReWaste4.0 will be continued in ReWaste F for further development towards a particle-, sensor- and data-based circular economy in the period 2021–2025.

scholarly journals Chromate Reduction in Serratia marcescens Isolated from Tannery Effluent and Potential Application for Bioremediation of Chromate Pollution

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Mondaca ◽  
V. Campos ◽  
R. Moraga ◽  
C.A. Zaror
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Chromate Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Transmission Electron

Pollution of aquatic systems by heavy metals has resulted in increasing environmental concern because they cannot be biodegraded. One metal that gives reason for concern due to its toxicity is chromium. Cr(VI) and Cr(III) are the principal forms of chromium found in natural waters. A chromate-resistant strain of the bacterium S. marcescens was isolated from tannery effluent. The strain was able to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and about 80% of chromate was removed from the medium. The reduction seems to occur on the cell surface. Transmission electron microscopic examination of cells revealed that particles were deposited on the outside of bacterial cells. A stable biofilm was formed in less than 10 h, reaching around 1010cfu attached per milligram of activated carbon. These findings demonstrate that immobilizedS. marcescensmight be used in industrial waste treatment processes.

Waste Treatment Processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Saleh S. Al Arni ◽  
Mahmoud M. Elwaheidi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Concentration in Contaminated Soils from Southern Part of Romania

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana FLORESCU ◽  
Andreea IORDACHE ◽  
Claudia SANDRU ◽  
Elena HORJ ◽  
Roxana IONETE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Contamination Of Soils

As a result of accidental spills or leaks, industrial wastes may enter in soil and in streams. Some of the contaminants may not be completely removed by treatment processes; therefore, they could become a problem for these sources. The use of synthetic products (e.g. pesticides, paints, batteries, industrial waste, and land application of industrial or domestic sludge) can result in heavy metal contamination of soils.

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