scholarly journals Evaluating the environmental impact of payments for ecosystem services in Coatepec (Mexico) using remote sensing and on-site interviews

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON SCULLION ◽  
CRAIG W. THOMAS ◽  
KRISTINA A. VOGT ◽  
OCTAVIO PÉREZ-MAQUEO ◽  
MILES G. LOGSDON
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Monitoring And Enforcement ◽  
Landsat Satellite

SUMMARYOver the last decade, hundreds of payments for ecosystem services (PES) programmes have been initiated around the world, but evidence of their environmental benefits remains limited. In this study, two PES programmes operating in the municipality of Coatepec (Mexico) were evaluated to assess their effectiveness in protecting the region's endangered upland forests. Landsat satellite data were analysed to assess changes in forest cover before and after programme implementation using a difference-in-differences estimator. Additionally, surveys and interviews were conducted with local residents and a subset of PES programme participants to evaluate the programmes’ social and environmental impacts, particularly the effect of the programmes on landowner behaviour. The remote-sensing data show that deforestation was substantially lower on properties receiving PES payments compared to properties not enrolled in the programmes, but the programmes did not prevent the net loss of forests within Coatepec. Moreover, the on-site interviews suggest that the payments may have had little impact on deforestation rates, and that other factors contributed to the conservation of forests in PES properties. These findings suggest that risk-targeted payments, robust monitoring and enforcement programmes, and additional conservation initiatives should be included in all PES schemes to ensure environmental effectiveness.

scholarly journals Self-selection into payments for ecosystem services programs

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (12) ◽  
pp. 5326-5333 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kelsey Jack ◽  
Seema Jayachandran
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Social Welfare Policy ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Improve Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Program Enrollment ◽  
Improve Cost

Designers and funders of payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs have long worried that payments flow to landholders who would have conserved forests even without the program, undermining the environmental benefits (“additionality”) and cost-effectiveness of PES. If landholders self-select into PES programs based on how much conservation they were going to undertake anyway, then those who were planning to conserve should always enroll. This paper discusses the less-appreciated fact that enrollment is often based on other factors too. The hassle of signing up or financial costs of enrollment (e.g., purchasing seedlings) can affect who participates in a PES program. These enrollment costs reduce overall take-up, and, importantly, they can also influence the composition of landholders who select into the program—and thereby the program’s environmental benefits per enrollee. Enrollment costs can increase a program’s benefits per enrollee if they are systematically higher for (and thus deter enrollment by) landholders who would have conserved anyway. Alternatively, enrollment costs can dampen per-enrollee benefits if their correlation with status-quo conservation is in the opposite direction. We illustrate these points with evidence from two studies of randomized trials of PES programs aimed at increasing forest cover in Uganda and Malawi. We also discuss how in other sectors, such as social welfare, policy designers have purposefully adjusted the costs of program enrollment to influence the composition of participants and improve cost-effectiveness. We propose that these ideas for targeting could be incorporated into the design of PES programs.

Small-scale vegetation mapping of large territories: perspectives of using modern remote sensing and GIS technologies, the Indian experiences

1996 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. M. Unni
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Forest Cover Mapping

The recognition of versatile importance of vegetation for the human life resulted in the emergence of vegetation science and many its applications in the modern world. Hence a vegetation map should be versatile enough to provide the basis for these applications. Thus, a vegetation map should contain not only information on vegetation types and their derivatives but also the geospheric and climatic background. While the geospheric information could be obtained, mapped and generalized directly using satellite remote sensing, a computerized Geographic Information System can integrate it with meaningful vegetation information classes for large areas. Such aft approach was developed with respect to mapping forest vegetation in India at. 1 : 100 000 (1983) and is in progress now (forest cover mapping at 1 : 250 000). Several review works reporting the experimental and operational use of satellite remote sensing data in India were published in the last years (Unni, 1991, 1992, 1994).

scholarly journals Analysing the Impact of Climate Change on Hydrological Ecosystem Services in Laguna del Sauce (Uruguay) Using the SWAT Model and Remote Sensing Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2014
Author(s):  
Celina Aznarez ◽  
Patricia Jimeno-Sáez ◽  
Adrián López-Ballesteros ◽  
Juan Pablo Pacheco ◽  
Javier Senent-Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
The Impact

Assessing how climate change will affect hydrological ecosystem services (HES) provision is necessary for long-term planning and requires local comprehensive climate information. In this study, we used SWAT to evaluate the impacts on four HES, natural hazard protection, erosion control regulation and water supply and flow regulation for the Laguna del Sauce catchment in Uruguay. We used downscaled CMIP-5 global climate models for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 projections. We calibrated and validated our SWAT model for the periods 2005–2009 and 2010–2013 based on remote sensed ET data. Monthly NSE and R2 values for calibration and validation were 0.74, 0.64 and 0.79, 0.84, respectively. Our results suggest that climate change will likely negatively affect the water resources of the Laguna del Sauce catchment, especially in the RCP 8.5 scenario. In all RCP scenarios, the catchment is likely to experience a wetting trend, higher temperatures, seasonality shifts and an increase in extreme precipitation events, particularly in frequency and magnitude. This will likely affect water quality provision through runoff and sediment yield inputs, reducing the erosion control HES and likely aggravating eutrophication. Although the amount of water will increase, changes to the hydrological cycle might jeopardize the stability of freshwater supplies and HES on which many people in the south-eastern region of Uruguay depend. Despite streamflow monitoring capacities need to be enhanced to reduce the uncertainty of model results, our findings provide valuable insights for water resources planning in the study area. Hence, water management and monitoring capacities need to be enhanced to reduce the potential negative climate change impacts on HES. The methodological approach presented here, based on satellite ET data can be replicated and adapted to any other place in the world since we employed open-access software and remote sensing data for all the phases of hydrological modelling and HES provision assessment.

scholarly journals Capacity Development for Use of Remote Sensing for REDD+ MRV Using Online and Offline Activities: Impacts and Lessons Learned

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2172
Author(s):  
Sarah Carter ◽  
Martin Herold ◽  
Inge Jonckheere ◽  
Andres Espejo ◽  
Carly Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
Large Audience ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

Four workshops and a webinar series were organized, with the aim of building capacity in countries to use Earth Observation Remote Sensing data to monitor forest cover changes and measure emissions reductions for REDD+ results-based payments. Webinars and workshops covered a variety of relevant tools and methods. The initiative was collaboratively organised by a number of Global Forest Observations Initiative (GFOI) partner institutions with funding from the World Bank’s Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF). The collaborative approach with multiple partners proved to be efficient and was able to reach a large audience, particularly in the case of the webinars. However, the impact in terms of use of tools and training of others after the events was higher for the workshops. In addition, engagement with experts was higher from workshop participants. In terms of efficiency, webinars are significantly cheaper to organize. A hybrid approach might be considered for future initiatives; and, this study of the effectiveness of both in-person and online capacity building can guide the development of future initiatives, something that is particularly pertinent in a COVID-19 era.

Remote sensing and GIS forest landscape assessment for sustainable forest management

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
A.F. Chukwuka ◽  
A. Alo ◽  
O.J. Aigbokhan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Spatial Metrics ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Land Cover Types

This study set out to assess the dynamic characteristics of the Ikere forest reserve landscape between 1985 and 2017 using remote sensing data and spatial metrics. Landscape of the study area maintained complex patterns of spatial heterogeneity over the years. Forest cover loss to other land cover types results in new large non-forest area at increasing rate. As at the year 2017, the changes in land cover types were not yet at equilibrium, thus the need to determine the future forest cover extent using a three-way markov Chain model. The decrease in number of patches of forest land (NumP) with increase in its mean patch size (MPS) shows that the forest is becoming a single unit probably due to clearing of existing patches of forest trees. The decrease in class diversity and evenness (SDI and SEI) of the general landscape over the years strengthens this assertion. The findings of this study would be very helpful to government and other stakeholders responsible for ensuring sustainable forest and general environment. Keyword: Landscape, Spatial metrics, sustainable forest and Environment

scholarly journals Forest areas remote monitoring within the limits of transport objects impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Dmytro Liashenko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Pavliuk ◽  
Vadym Belenok ◽  
Vitalii Babii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Collecting Methods ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

The article studies the issues of using remote sensing data for the tasks of ensuring sustainable nature management in the territories within the influence of transport infrastructure objects. Peculiarities of remote monitoring for tasks of transport networks design and in the process of their operation are determined. The paper analyzes the development of modern remote sensing methods (satellite imagery, the use of mobile sensors installed on cars or aircraft). A brief overview of spatial data collecting methods for the tasks of managing the development of territories within the influence of transport infrastructure (roads, railways, etc.) has made. The article considers the experience of using remote sensing technologies to monitor changes in the parameters of forest cover in the Transcarpathian region (Ukraine) in areas near to highways, by use Landsat imagery.

scholarly journals A study on deforestation in hilly areas of Haryana using Remote Sensing and GIS technique

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Anju Jangra ◽  
Anurag Airon ◽  
Ram Niwas
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Deforestation Rate ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Prime Concern

Forest is an essential part or backbone of the earth ecological system. In a country like India, the people and the economy of nation is mainly relies on the diversity of natural resources. In today's world degradation of forest resources is a prime concern for many of the scientists and environmentalists because the canvas had been transformed from last few decades to cultivated and non-cultivated land. In India, Haryana state has lowest forest cover i.e. 3.59% followed by Punjab 3.65%. Over the several decades, the advancement of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) technique has emerged as an efficient tool to monitor and analyse deforestation rate in hilly areaor over a variety of location. Remote sensing based vegetation indices show better sensitivity than individual band reflectance and hence are more preferred for assessment and monitoring of tress. The aim of the present study was to analyse the deforestation in hilly areas in Haryana State (India) by remote sensing data with a special focus on Panchkula and Yamunanagar. The information was collected through the LANDSAT 8 satellite of NASA. The result revealed that the deforestation rate is high in Hilly areas of Haryana. The study shows that the forest cover in hilly areas of Haryana in 2013 was 50,879.07 hectares and in 2019 it was 44,445.51 hectares of land. Thereby decrease in forest cover of 6,433.56 hectares had been observed in the study period of 2013-2019 i.e. 6 years. Spatial variations in deforestation were also mapped in GIS for the hilly areas in Panchkula and Yamunanagar districts of Haryana.  

scholarly journals Estimation of forest cover restoration damaged by Siberian silkmoth using remote sensing data and maps

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Elena Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Current State

The current state of the land cover has been estimated in the territories where in different years (1885, 1955, 1995) the forests were damaged by Siberian silkmoth. Dark-needle taiga is restored through the change of tree species. In 20 years in areas of dark-needle taiga there are graminoid communities, in 60 years we have deciduous forests there, and in 130 - dark needle forests, but not everywhere.

scholarly journals Program Outcomes of Payments for Watershed Services in Brazilian Atlantic Forest: How to Evaluate to Improve Decision-Making and the Socio-Environmental Benefits

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2441
Author(s):  
Flávio Monteiro dos Santos ◽  
Marcondes Coelho-Junior ◽  
Jéssica Chaves Cardoso ◽  
Vanessa Basso ◽  
André de Paula Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Watershed Services ◽  
Paraíba Do Sul River

In 2014, the Paraíba do Sul River Basin Integration Committee (CEIVAP) established its Pilot Program of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES), focusing on water resources. The projects from this program share the same goal: to disseminate the use of PES as a tool for land management in watersheds. Contemplating 11 municipalities, including 84 landowners, conserving 718.63 ha and restoring 188.58 ha, this program was concluded in April 2020. Reviewing its historical and contextualizing features, we have observed that the outcomes from this program extend beyond these numbers. Here, we propose an evaluation methodology comparing the efficiency, performance, and impact of the PES projects. Based on new indicators that are easy to measure, we have identified key elements that have asymmetrically affected the projects. The complexity of the project scope and the execution of high-cost, and risky interventions on rural properties, have resulted in expensive projects with little tangible outputs. Our results support the upgrade of public policy for investment in ecosystem services by CEIVAP in the Paraíba do Sul watershed. In addition, our results can be more successful by improving the decision-making processes for similar projects in other watersheds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document