scholarly journals Impact of individual protected areas on deforestation and carbon emissions in Acre, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Teemu Koskimäki ◽  
Johanna Eklund ◽  
Gabriel M Moulatlet ◽  
Hanna Tuomisto
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Impact Studies ◽  
The Individual

Summary Protecting tropical forests from deforestation is important for mitigating both biodiversity loss and anthropogenic climate change. In Amazonia, a common approach to protected area (PA) impact studies has been to investigate differences among broad PA categories, such as strictly protected, sustainable use and indigenous areas, yet these may be insufficient for the management of PAs at local scales. We used a matching method to compare impacts and carbon emissions avoided during 2011–2016 of individual PAs in the state of Acre (Brazil). Although most PAs had a positive impact and effectively prevented forest loss, we observed substantial variation among them in terms of impacts, pressures and emissions during our study period. The impacts varied from 3.6% avoided to 15.6% induced forest loss compared to expected levels of deforestation estimated for each PA using the matching method. All but a few PAs helped avoid substantial amounts of emissions. Our results emphasize the need for more PA impact studies that compare multiple PAs at the individual level in Amazonia and beyond.

scholarly journals Factors Determining Income among Real Estate Salespersons: The Impacts of Individual Conditions, Franchises, and Regular Chains

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Chun-Chang Lee ◽  
Cheng-Huang Tung ◽  
Yu-Heng Lee ◽  
Shu-Man You
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given ◽  
Regular Chains

<p>This study explores the factors that affect the incomes of real estate salespersons by applying hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to investigate the incomes of real estate salespersons in Kaohsiung. A total of 510 questionnaires were distributed to large chain housing agencies, of which a total of 319 effective samples were retrieved from 54 branch stores, for an effective return rate of 62.55%. The empirical results showed that individual incomes vary significantly from store to store. About 4.8% of the variation in individual incomes was due to differences among different branch stores. The individual income of a real estate salesperson is also significantly affected by individual-level factors such as age, working hours, and working experience. The marginal impact of education level, age, working hours, and working experience on real estate salesperson income is moderated by the type of store at which the given salesperson works. In addition, a branch store’s location has a direct, significant, and positive impact on a real estate salesperson’s income.</p>

Online Mindfulness Interventions

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Ahmad ◽  
Jamie Jianmin Wang ◽  
Christo El Morr
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mindfulness Interventions ◽  
The Individual

The current chapter systematically reviewed literature on online mindfulness interventions. Electronic databases were searched from 2005 to July 2016. The aim was to examine the nature of online mindfulness interventions, design features, and their effectiveness in improving symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The review of selected studies shows that online delivery of mindfulness psycho-education and practice is an area in its infancy. There is evidence that online mindfulness interventions can have a positive impact on mental health in terms of stress, depression, and anxiety; however, large sample studies are needed in order to have conclusive results. Moreover, the extension of online mindfulness interventions beyond the individual level to include a community dimension, such as virtual community features, and a focus on the social determinants of health, needs to be explored in future. The online mindfulness intervention could be a cost-effective way to scale up the promotion of mental wellbeing.

scholarly journals Regional Living Conditions and the Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control of Hypertension at the Individual Level in Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Alekseevich Maksimov ◽  
Yulia A. Balanova ◽  
Svetlana A. Shalnova ◽  
Galina A. Muromtseva ◽  
Anna V. Kapustina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Abstract Background. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the living characteristics of large regions on the possible presence, awareness, management and control of hypertension at the individual level in the Russian population.Methods. Regional characteristics were obtained from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of data; it allowed defining 5 integral regional indices: Socio-Geographical, Demographic, Industrial, Mixed, Economic. Presence, awareness, management and control of hypertension were assessed according to the data of the cross-sectional stage of ESSE-RF study that was conducted in 2013-2014. The final sample included 19,791 patients from 12 regions of Russia. Generalized estimation equations were used to determine associations between regional indices and presence, awareness, management and control of hypertension at the individual level taking into consideration nested data structures (individuals in regions).Results. The Socio-Geographic Index demonstrated the positive impact on hypertension among male (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05-1.32), undereducated individuals (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02-1.27) and elderly people (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02-1.32). Awareness of hypertension is positively associated with Demographic (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.25) and Industrial Indices (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.33). Worsening of social environment (Socio-Geographic Index) reduces adherence to management (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64-0.90) and control of hypertension (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69-0.90). Impact of regional living conditions on the prevalence of hypertension is not high, compared to the individual predictors, but for the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, this influence is important.Conclusions: The study performed allowed assessing the influence of living characteristics of the population in the large regions of Russia on the prevalence of hypertension and on the awareness, management and control of this disease. The data obtained provide new knowledge not only in terms of epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in Russia but also in general, that is, in the context of studying the influence of living conditions on the health of population.

Structural Reliability and Stability of Nonmetric Conjoint Analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh K. Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Structural Perturbation ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
The Individual

Structural reliability and stability of nonmetric conjoint analysis are examined under conditions of severe structural perturbation and substantial variation in the number of stimulus profiles. The individual-level part worth functions are jackknifed. The jackknifed parameters, derived relative importance weights, and standard errors of estimated parameters are examined across the different treatment conditions. The results indicate that conjoint analysis is a fairly robust procedure for assessing an individual's preferences.

scholarly journals The Evolutionary Model of Corporate Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Samsung Creative-Lab

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9042
Author(s):  
Bo Young Shin ◽  
Keun Tae Cho
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

Despite international interest in corporate entrepreneurship research, relevant knowledge has not been systematically accumulated. Even in practice, the discussions of corporate entrepreneurship revolve around the appropriate level necessary and the preferred method of action. This paper proposes an evolutionary model that outlines corporate entrepreneurship overall in terms of an organization’s entrepreneurial activities. For the research objective, this paper includes in-depth case studies on Samsung’s Creative Lab. The Creative-Lab of Samsung has been actively implementing corporate venture system for eight years. We conducted collective case studies by focusing on a single case (Creative-Lab) and then moving to multiple cases (Creative-Lab spin-off companies). Firstly, the study identifies the development process of entrepreneurship from the individual-level to the firm-level, and from the firm-level to the social-level. Secondly, the study confirms that corporate venturing and the corporate spin-off system have a positive impact on entrepreneurial behavior, which is crucial to seize opportunities. Thirdly, based on the growth factors and performance of corporate entrepreneurship, an evolutionary model of corporate entrepreneurship is proposed in this paper. This study can contribute to the establishment of an integrated and structured mechanism of related research as it comprehensively reviews the antecedents, elements, and outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Mindsponge culture: the culture of progress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Creative Performance ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Organization Level ◽  
Thinking Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Business Sectors

The Mindsponge culture can be defined as a set of thinking processes, beliefs, and behaviors that is result- or target-driven. It is an entrepreneurship culture that urges me to overcome hardship with a transparent mind about my target. Adopting this culture is a tough process, but its fruitful results are worth the cost. Especially in the next decades, humanities have to acquire two crucial targets for sustainable development: curbing climate change and reducing biodiversity loss. To accomplish these targets, shifting the eco-deficit mindset to the eco-surplus mindset at the individual level and building eco-surplus culture at the organization level (e.g., business sectors) are required. Obtaining the Mindsponge culture can help us progress and actualize these objectives through creative performance.

scholarly journals Environment and sex control lifespan and telomere length in wild-derived African killifish

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Reichard ◽  
Kety Giannetti ◽  
Tania Ferreira ◽  
Milan Vrtílek ◽  
Matej Polačik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Annual Killifish ◽  
Sex Control ◽  
Adaptive Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Good Descriptor

ABSTRACTTelomere length is correlated positively with longevity at the individual level, but negatively when compared across species. Here, we tested the association between lifespan and telomere length in African annual killifish. We analyzed telomere length in 18 Nothobranchius strains derived from diverse habitats and measured the laboratory lifespan of 14 strains of N. furzeri and N. kadleci. We found that males had shorter telomeres than females. The longest telomeres were recorded in strains derived from dry region where male lifespans were shortest. At the individual level, we detected a weak negative association between rapid juvenile growth and shorter telomeres in early adulthood. Overall, average telomere length was a good descriptor of telomere length distribution. However, within-individual telomere length spread was not related to any pattern. This substantial variation in telomere length between strains from different environments provides killifish as powerful tool to understand the evolutionarily adaptive value of telomere length.

Business owners’ features and access to entrepreneurial resources: new insights for accelerator acceptance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Ermilina ◽  
Matthew Farrell ◽  
Fatemeh Askarzadeh ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Purpose For new ventures, access to entrepreneurship assistantship is the main source of growth and innovativeness. Accelerators, a growing provider of entrepreneurial resources, offer such assistantship. This study aims to identify several factors that might account for a startup’s acceptance of accelerator programs. Particularly, this paper examines the impact of a lead founder’s country of birth, gender and education on accelerator acceptance. Design/methodology/approach This study tests the framework with logit regression for a sample of 10,298 observations for startups in 166 countries over 2016–2018. Findings This study finds that entrepreneurs from developing countries are less likely to be accepted by accelerators than entrepreneurs from developed economies. Counterintuitively, this study also finds an advantage for female entrepreneurs in accelerator acceptance. Further, the results suggest a positive impact on education. Building on signaling theory, this paper argues and shows that accelerators do not evaluate applicants uniformly. Practical implications Our comparative study enhances business owners’ insight for application to entrepreneurial resources and has meaningful implications for women’s entrepreneurship. For policy-making purposes, this study offers more insight on economic development for entrepreneurs’ access to global resources. Originality/value Despite the extant literature demonstrating the benefits of accelerators, determinants of acceptance to these programs, particularly at the individual level, are underexplored. This is the first study that shows the rarely acknowledged link between a lead founder’s country of birth, gender and education level on accelerator acceptance. Here, this study extends entrepreneurship literature and shows some sources of variation in access to international accelerator programs.

scholarly journals Environmental Consequences of Moral Disinhibition

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 237802311771961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard York
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Disinhibition Effect ◽  
Undesirable Consequence ◽  
The Individual

The author introduces the concept of the moral disinhibition effect as a partial explanation for some unanticipated and/or unintended consequences of technologies. The moral disinhibition effect relates to how a reduction in an undesirable consequence of consuming a particular good or service (such as carbon emissions per unit of electricity consumption) may reduce societal or individual-level inhibition about overusing such a good or service and thereby increase demand and, potentially, the total consequence. The author explains the concept at both the individual and societal levels and specifies it using mathematical formalisms.

Heterogeneity in a dual personal values–dual purchase consequences–green consumption commitment framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Nhat Hanh Le ◽  
Mai Dong Tran ◽  
Dong Phong Nguyen ◽  
Julian Ming Sung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the roles of dual personal values (individualistic and collectivistic) and consumer attitudes toward dual purchase consequences (individual and environmental) as the precursors of a commitment to green consumption. Furthermore, the variance within the studied relationships is explored across the segments of the selected consumer sample.Design/methodology/approachPartial least squares and finite mixture–partial least squares path modeling approaches are employed to examine the studied relationships and check for heterogeneity, respectively, among the sample of 406 Vietnamese consumers.FindingsThe results indicate that individualistic values positively and negatively affect attitudes toward purchase consequences at the individual and environmental levels, respectively, while collectivistic values have only a positive impact on attitudes at the environment level. Compared to the individual level, attitudes toward environmental purchase consequences propagate a fuller commitment to green consumption. Collectivistic, but not individualistic, consumers are a suitable target segment for green business. Consumers within the selected sample exhibit different green behavioral patterns.Originality/valueThis research provides valuable insights into the under-researched aspect of green consumption commitment based on an extended value–attitude–behavior model. Previously unobserved heterogeneity is revealed and green consumption tendency segments are identified.

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