The Role of Social and Psychological Resources in the Evolution of Depression in Caregivers

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Victoria Zunzunegui ◽  
Alicia LlácerCentro ◽  
François Béland
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACTThis article discusses a longitudinal study of caregivers (n = 195) from a representative sample of caregivers pf Spanish, ADL-disabled persons, aged 65 and over carried out to assess the role of social support and religiosity in the development of depression. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. One year later, 119 of the caregivers were contacted again. Stability of depression over 1 year was observed in most participants. Poor physical health and low self-esteem, as well as incontinence in the care recipients, were significant predictors of the development of depressive symptoms. Social support had a differential effect on the development of depression, depending on how much assistance with activities of daily living the caregivers had to provide. Religiosity seemed to have no effect. Depression in caregivers is related more to their health and psychosocial resources than to the amount of care they provide. Poor health status, low self-esteem, and lack of emotional support may be useful indicators in identifying caregivers at high risk for depression.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Change in Depression among North Korean Refugee Youths in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subin Park ◽  
Soo Yeon Kim ◽  
Eun-Sun Lee ◽  
Jin Yong Jun
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
North Korean Refugee ◽  
One Year

This study investigated change in depression and revealed factors related to change using one-year follow-up data. A sample of 108 North Korean Refugee Youths (NKRYs) aged 13 to 26 years (66 females) was recruited from two alternative schools for NKRYs in South Korea. Based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale cut-off score of 16, respondents were grouped based on change in depression score after one year as stable low, alleviated, deteriorated, or prolonged. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the influence of baseline psychological scores (resilience, emotional regulation strategy, and self-esteem), and reported social support (psychological/practical) on the odds of group classification. With the stable low group as the reference category, those with alleviated depression at Time 2 had significantly higher odds of expressive suppression and tended to have lower self-esteem at Time 1. The deteriorated depression group was more likely than the stable low group to have lower resilience and cognitive appraisal scores. Those with prolonged high depression were more likely than the stable low group to have lower resilience, less practical social support, and lower self-esteem. Psychological interventions, particularly those focused on increasing self-esteem and resilience, could be helpful for NKRYs with potential risk of depression. In addition, practical support should be provided on an as-needed basis to prevent chronic depression among NKRYs.

Social Support and Depressive Symptomatology Among HIV-Positive Women: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Mastery

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Simoni ◽  
Bu Huang ◽  
Elissa J. Goodry ◽  
Heidi D. Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Hiv Positive Women

Social and Temporal Comparisons as Moderators of Psychological Resources Associations With Wellbeing

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasida Ben-Zur
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Age Range ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract. The current study investigated the associations of psychological resources, social comparisons, and temporal comparisons with general wellbeing. The sample included 142 community participants (47.9% men; age range 23–83 years), who compared themselves with others, and with their younger selves, on eight dimensions (e.g., physical health, resilience). They also completed questionnaires assessing psychological resources of mastery and self-esteem, and three components of subjective wellbeing: life satisfaction and negative and positive affect. The main results showed that high levels of psychological resources contributed to wellbeing, with self-enhancing social and temporal comparisons moderating the effects of resources on certain wellbeing components. Specifically, under low levels of mastery or self-esteem self-enhancing social or temporal comparisons were related to either higher life satisfaction or positive affect. The results highlight the role of resources and comparisons in promoting people’s wellbeing, and suggest that self-enhancing comparisons function as cognitive coping mechanisms when psychological resources are low.

scholarly journals The role of giving and receiving emotional support in depressive symptomatology among older couples: An application of the actor-partner interdependence model

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda K. Ko ◽  
Megan A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Path Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Actor Partner Interdependence Model ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated whether perception of receiving emotional support mediates the relationship between one partner’s giving of emotional support and the other partner’s depressive symptomatology using a population-based sample of 423 couples from the Changing Lives of Older Couples study. A path model was used guided by the Actor—Partner Interdependence Model. Results indicated that spouses’ giving emotional support was related to the degree to which their spouse reported receiving emotional support. Perception of receiving emotional support, in turn, was related to lower depressive symptomatology of the support recipient. Both husbands and wives can benefit from emotional support through their perception of receiving emotional support, and spouses’ perceptions, as well as their actions, should be considered in support transactions.

Role of perceived social support in depressive and somatic symptoms experienced by Bedouin Arab and Jewish Israeli undergraduates

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Abu-Kaf ◽  
Golan Shahar ◽  
Gal Noyman-Veksler ◽  
Beatriz Priel
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Arab Students

Elevated levels of depressive and somatic symptoms have been documented among college students. Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in the number of Bedouin Arab students studying at institutions of higher education in southern Israel. To date, research on coping and mental health problems among students who are members of this ethnic minority has been limited. This study examined the role of three aspects of perceived social support – availability, satisfaction, and the ability to get emotional support – in predicting depressive and somatic symptoms among Jewish Israeli and Bedouin Arab college students. A total of 89 Bedouin and 101 Jewish first-year students participated in this study, which involved two assessment waves 12 to 14 months apart. Participants completed questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, three aspects of perceived social support, and demographics. At Time 1, Bedouin students exhibited higher levels of depressive and somatic symptoms and lower levels of all three aspects of social support. Regression analyses showed that level of emotional support was a prospective predictor of somatization at Time 2. Moreover, when levels of emotional support were low, ethnic group predicted depression at Time 2; emotional support predicted depression only among Bedouin Arabs. The present study highlights the importance of the use of emotional support in predicting somatic complaints and depressive symptoms specifically among Bedouin Arab students. Clinical implications on intervention programs for ethnic minority students will be discussed.

Giving and Taking —Differential Effects of Providing, Receiving and Anticipating Emotional Support on Quality of Life in Adults with Multiple Illnesses

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Warner ◽  
Benjamin Schüz ◽  
Susanne Wurm ◽  
Jochen P. Ziegelmann ◽  
Clemens Tesch-Römer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
And Control

Multimorbidity challenges quality of life (QoL) in old age. Anticipating and providing social support have been shown to promote QoL whereas receiving support often had detrimental effects. Little is known about which psychological processes explain these effects. This study examines the effects of receiving, anticipating and providing emotional support on QoL, with control beliefs and self-esteem as simultaneous mediators in an elderly multimorbid sample ( N = 1415). Anticipating and providing support positively predicted QoL, mediated through self-esteem and control beliefs. Received support negatively predicted QoL, without mediation. Self-esteem and control beliefs can help to explain the relation between QoL and support.

scholarly journals Peran Faktor-faktor Psikologis terhadap Depresi pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Jenita DT Donsu ◽  
M Noor Rochman Hadjam ◽  
Ahmad Husain Asdie ◽  
Rahmat Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Coefficient ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

Depression has strong relationship with diabetes mellitus and the aspect of psychology has influence toward the diabetes patient as control. This research aimed to find out the role of psychological factors in dealing with depression suffered by patient of DM-2 and to see the dynamics of both direct and indirect relationship of psychological factors toward the depression of DM-2 patient. The main model is a model that can bring effect of mediation between social support and depression caused by DM-2. Optimism can provide mediating effect of the relationship between social support and self-esteem. Resilience can provide mediating effect of the relationship between social support and self-esteem. Similarly, self-esteem acts as the mediator of the relationship between optimism and resilience toward the depression of DM-2 patient. The result of estimation parameter test showed the direct relationship between social support toward optimism (0.717), resilience (0.811), self-esteem (0.269) and depression (-0.210) and the direct role to depression (-0.397). The higher social support and self-esteem will cause the higher optimism and resilience. On the other hand, the role of self-esteem showed negative coefficient. On the other hand, the role of self-esteem to depression showed a negative coefficient is, the higher self-esteem will be followed by the decrease of depression in patient with DM-2. Keywords: depression, optimism, resilience, self-esteem, social support, DM-2

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