A Balanced Paradigm of Crime Control: Programmatic and Methodological Considerations

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-314
Author(s):  
Yuval Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Bryan Vila's general paradigm for understanding criminal behavior focuses on the role of developmental factors in determining motivation for crime (1994:338). In his recent proposal in PLS, Vila states that criminality is “a predisposition that disproportionately favors criminal behavior” (1997:4). He suggests, further, that there always are some people who are motivated to use force, fraud, or stealth to obtain resources: either to make the best out of a bad situation, or to take advantage of a good situation. That is, some individuals have competitive advantages over others within a particular niche….(1997:8)

Maternal Perception of Infants’ Expressions of Emotion

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krippl ◽  
Stephanie Ast-Scheitenberger ◽  
Ina Bovenschen ◽  
Gottfried Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Response Pattern ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Startle Amplitude ◽  
Caregiving System ◽  
Parental Caregiving ◽  
Opponent Process ◽  
Opponent Process Theory ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Methodological Considerations

In light of Lang’s differentiation of the aversive and the approach system – and assumptions stemming from attachment theory – this study investigates the role of the approach or caregiving system for processing infant emotional stimuli by comparing IAPS pictures, infant pictures, and videos. IAPS pictures, infant pictures, and infant videos of positive, neutral, or negative content were presented to 69 mothers, accompanied by randomized startle probes. The assessment of emotional responses included subjective ratings of valence and arousal, corrugator activity, the startle amplitude, and electrodermal activity. In line with Lang’s original conception, the typical startle response pattern was found for IAPS pictures, whereas no startle modulation was observed for infant pictures. Moreover, the startle amplitudes during negative video scenes depicting crying infants were reduced. The results are discussed with respect to several theoretical and methodological considerations, including Lang’s theory, emotion regulation, opponent process theory, and the parental caregiving system.

Challenges of Fear Conditioning Research in the Age of RDoC

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽  
Jan Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract. As the criticism of the definition of the phenotype (i.e., clinical diagnosis) represents the major focus of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, it is somewhat surprising that discussions have not yet focused more on specific conceptual and procedural considerations of the suggested RDoC constructs, sub-constructs, and associated paradigms. We argue that we need more precise thinking as well as a conceptual and methodological discussion of RDoC domains and constructs, their interrelationships as well as their experimental operationalization and nomenclature. The present work is intended to start such a debate using fear conditioning as an example. Thereby, we aim to provide thought-provoking impulses on the role of fear conditioning in the age of RDoC as well as conceptual and methodological considerations and suggestions to guide RDoC-based fear conditioning research in the future.

Authority of Law: An Analysis of The Role of Police

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Keir
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
The University

<div class="page" title="Page 3"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Veronika is a recent graduate from the Honours Legal Studies program at the University of Waterloo. Her passions are socio-legal research, policy development, feminist legal theory, and crime control development. Veronika is currently working a full-time job at Oracle Canada, planning on pursuing further education in a Masters program. </span></p></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on fertilizer companies: The role of competitive advantages

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 102019
Author(s):  
Alina Ilinova ◽  
Diana Dmitrieva ◽  
Andrzej Kraslawski
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantages

HISTORIAN ON SOCIAL NETWORKS: SOME METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Vasily Syrov
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
And Function

The article discusses some of the research findings related to the topic of the place and function of histori-ans on social networks. The main attention is paid to identifying the role of web technologies in the con-ventional practices of creating historical knowledge creation of historical knowledge. It is emphasized that the thesis about blurring the boundaries between the professional community and users in general does not mean rejection of the recognition of the decisive role of the professional community in the production of knowledge. The ways and methods of historians' actions in social networks and their advantages over traditional methods of knowledge production are revealed.

Crime, Deprivation and Social Sustainability—Evidence across States in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramprasad Sengupta ◽  
Sovik Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Different Types

We focus in this article on the dimension of social sustainability of the development process— particularly on the determining factors of social tension which results in social disruption in violent forms of the different types of crime—murder, property-related, riots in the presence of polarization and Left-wing insurgency across major states in India. This article makes an attempt to explore the role of economic deprivation—thus, resulting in economic inequality and poverty in addition to infrastructural and other socio-economic developmental factors in determining such crimes in this context. While economic growth has a definite positive role in abating such violent forms of crime and their associated tension, the development strategy should give high priority to literacy, internal security and human development for building up peace and a socially sustainable society in India.

Word Awareness, Reading and Development

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
Marjorie H. Holden
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Early School ◽  
Discrete Responses

Research on young children's word awareness, the ability to identify the lexical constituents of a meaningful utterance, has received different interpretations: Either word awareness is related to linguistic and cognitive changes associated with the early school years or is a concept that children can learn when appropriate techniques are employed. This study was devised to clarify the nature of variables influencing word awareness during early childhood by analyzing responses of 26 kindergarten and 24 first-grade children to the Homophones Test of Word Awareness. Responses were assigned to seven categories representing a continuum characterized as ranging from discrete to global. Older children made fewer errors, and they gave a higher proportion of discrete responses. Younger children gave more global responses. Memory was evidently not the source of the younger children's inability to perform as well as the older ones. Rather, the difficulty appeared to stem from the younger children's inability to divorce sound from meaning in spoken messages. The role of developmental factors in children's conscious awareness of language structure and lexical units is supported by these findings.

scholarly journals Determinantes de la adopción de estándares en el subsector hortícola del Noroeste de México.

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Martínez R. ◽  
Belem Avendaño R. ◽  
Ana Acosta M.
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Northwest Region

<p>La producción de hortalizas en la región Noroeste de México es una actividad económica relevante, lo cual se atribuye a factores naturales como el clima, calidad de los suelos y la cercanía al mercado de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. Es evidente la creación de ventajas competitivas mediante la diferenciación del producto, por su calidad, a través de la aplicación de normas. La adopción de estándares es una práctica generalizada, sin embargo no está cuantificado el rol de las instituciones en estos procesos y su contribución a aumentar o inhibir los niveles de adopción de los mismos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los factores que mas influyen en la implementación de grados y estándares en el sector hortícola en la región noroeste de México. Para la medición de la adopción se utilizó un modelo logit que permite determinar el efecto de las variables del entorno microeconómico que incide en la adopción de estándares. Se concluye que los cambios en los sistemas de producción mediante la aplicación de buenas prácticas agrícolas y las organizaciones de productores con actividades de capacitación, seguimiento y acompañamiento son lo que han contribuido en mayor forma al proceso de adopción de estándares por parte de las empresas productoras de hortalizas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Determinants of the adoption of standards in the horticulture subsector of Northwestern Mexico.</strong></p><p>Vegetable production in the northwestern region of Mexico is an important economic activity; this is attributed to natural factors such as climate, soil quality, and proximity to the U.S. market. Clearly, the creation of competitive advantages gained by product differentiation, while maintaining quality, is extremely important and can be achieved through the application of standards. The adoption of standards is widespread; however, the role of institutions in these processes and their contribution to enhancing or inhibiting levels of implementation has not yet been quantified. The aim of this paper is to analyze the factors that most influence the execution of grades and standards in the horticultural industry in the northwest region of Mexico. Implementation levels were measured using a logit model that determined the effect of microenvironmental variables on them. The paper concludes that changes in production systems through the application of good agricultural practices and changes in organizations through training, monitoring, and support are what have helped companies that produce vegetables adopt and implement more standards.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document