Hepatitis A infection in patients with chronic viral liver disease: a cross-sectional study in Jahrom, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. AHMADI VASMEHJANI ◽  
D. JAVESHGHANI ◽  
R. BAHARLOU ◽  
M. SHAYESTEHPOUR ◽  
S. D. MOUSAVINASAB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Hcv

SUMMARYInfection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) in patient with chronic liver disease (CLD; due to hepatitis B or hepatitis C) may cause severe disease and fulminant liver failure. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HAV antibodies in patients infected with HCV or HBV in Iran (Jahrom city). A total of 159 patients with underlying CLD were recruited between September 2012 and February 2013. Serum samples were collected from each patient and tested for anti-HAV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The overall seroprevalence of total anti-HAV was 79·2%. Patients aged 20–30 years had the lowest (28·3%) anti-HAV seropositivity and those aged >50 years had the highest (95%) seropositivity. The overall prevalence of anti-HAV in patients with chronic HCV and HBV infection was 93·7% and 77·1%, respectively. The anti-HAV seropositivity in liver cirrhosis patients was 100% compared to CLD patients. Because of low HAV immunity in younger CLD patients, vaccination against HAV should be considered.

scholarly journals A serosurvey of water-borne pathogens amongst canoeists in South Africa

1995 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Taylor ◽  
P. J. Becker ◽  
E. Janse Van Rensburg ◽  
B. N. Harris ◽  
I. W. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Norwalk Virus ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

SummaryCertain health risks have been associated with recreational exposure to faecally polluted water. Canoeing in certain South African waters is considered to be a high risk activity with regard to schistosomiasis. gastroenteritis and possibly hepatitis. In a cross-sectional study, a serosurvey was conducted amongst canoeists to ascertain whether or not they had a higher seroprevalence to hepatitis A virus. Norwalk virus andSchistosomaspp. than non-canoeists. In comparisons between the two groups, a significant association could not be demonstrated between canoeing and antibody response to hepatitis A and Norwalk viruses (P-values for age-adjustedχ2were 0·083 and 0·219 respectively), but a significant association could be demonstrated between canoeing and the antibody response to Schistosoma spp. (P> 0·001: age-adjusted).

scholarly journals Epidemiological and serological aspects of hepatitis A among children and teenagers in the city of Santos: a cross-sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Célia Cunha Ciaccia ◽  
Regina Célia Moreira ◽  
Alexandre Archanjo Ferraro ◽  
Marcílio Figueiredo Lemos ◽  
Isabel Takano Oba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Viral hepatitis A is still a concern at public health level in Brazil and around the world, due both to the number of affected subjects and the possibility of complications in the acute forms. The Brazilian Ministry of Health estimates that at least 70% of this country's population has already had contact with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). The aim here was to discover the prevalence of serological markers for the hepatitis A virus among children and teenagers at daycare facilities, kindergartens and elementary schools in the city of Santos. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in kindergartens and elementary schools within the municipal education network in several regions of the city of Santos. METHOD: Students' family members were surveyed using a questionnaire and 4,680 finger-prick blood samples were taken and assayed by means of the ELISA technique. RESULTS: The general prevalence of anti-HAV IgG was 9.72% and, of these cases, 74.6% were reactive to anti-HAV IgM. There was higher prevalence of anti-HAV IgG among older children, females, children who played in streams, those whose homes were not connected to the sewage system, those whose parents had low education levels, those with low household income and those who did not live along the seashore. The prevalence of anti-HAV IgM peaked in the early years and subsequently fell, and it was lower on the hills and in the Northwestern Zone. CONCLUSION: The general prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis A was low in Santos.

scholarly journals Prevalece of Hepatitis A Virus in Libian Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Aisha Areaby Sehari ◽  
◽  
Ashraf M Ayad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limited Host Range ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the most hepatotropic. This virus is responsible for the most forms of acute and benign hepatitis although fulminant hepatic failure can occur in 1% more often in adults. It is a member of Picornaviridae famil, it is a heat stable and has limited host range. The incidence of infection by Hepatitis A virus shows regional variation being highest in developing countries. Determination of age specific Hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence and the associated risk factors would help better plan for national preventive strategies including vaccination. We carried out a cross-sectional study on 315 children from Tripoli and Gharian cities in Libya during the years 2018-2020. The age range of the patients was 1-18 years and were from different socioeconomic status (SES) families.....attending teaching hospitals casualty seeking medical help and checkup. The indicators of SES included employment status, residence, number of family members, source of drinking water and social status. Serum samples were collected and investigated for HAV antibodies. The data were statistically analyzed. HAV antibodies were positive in 113 patients (36%) Males were 161(53%) while Females were 154 (49%). HAV antibodies was significantly higher among children of low SES,60 % by the age of 18 years compared to children of high SES, 35% by the same age. Crowded household and parental education were significantly associated with high seropositivity and seronegativity respectively. There is significant rate of seronegativity amongst the studied population especially those from richer backgrounds making them more susceptible to severe infection in future with concomitant complications. We propose that revision of national vaccination program should be considered to include Hepatitis A vaccination

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Viruses among Pregnant Women in Northern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Farzin Sadeghi ◽  
Zahra Golchob ◽  
Maryam Javadian ◽  
Mohammad Barary ◽  
Parisa Sabbagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proactive Measures ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background. Hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis E viruses (HEV) are endemic in Iran and are known major causes of acute viral hepatitis. Also, during pregnancy, they are associated with severe outcomes. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate the antibody levels against HAV and HEV in pregnant women to avoid severe outcomes incidence. Study design and methods. A total of 247 pregnant women were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. In addition to completing the questionnaire and interviewing all participants, the serum samples were tested for anti-HAV and anti-HEV IgG using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The association between anti-HAV and anti-HEV antibodies status and risk factors was evaluated. Results. The mean age of patients was 28.06 ± 5.29 years. Anti-HAV antibody was found in 111 patients (44.9%), while anti-HEV antibody was detected in only two pregnant women (0.8%). The seroprevalence of HAV was inversely related to the level of education. There was no significant correlation between HAV antibody levels and age, marital status, residence location, and pregnancy trimesters. Conclusion. Considering many complications of these diseases in pregnancy, the detection of enteroviral hepatitis, especially HAV in pregnant women, is necessary, and therefore, proactive measures, such as promoting education, improving people awareness, and vaccination, are recommended.

scholarly journals Factors associated with anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin G seropositivity among Korean workers: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e036727
Author(s):  
Eunchan Mun ◽  
Yesung Lee ◽  
Byungseong Suh ◽  
Wonsul Kim ◽  
Jinsook Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Managers

ObjectivesHepatitis A incidence in Korea has dramatically increased in recent years. Individuals in their twenties and thirties, who account for majority of the workforce in Korea, are particularly susceptible to infection owing to a low seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) immunoglobulin G (IgG). This study aimed to identify behavioural and occupational factors related to anti-HAV IgG seropositivity.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA large university hospital in Seoul, Korea.ParticipantsWorkers in formal employment having an annual routine health screening.Primary outcome measureAnti-HAV IgG seropositivity.ResultsOf 131 711 individuals who had an annual health screening at the study hospital in 2018, 68 612 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Study participants were predominantly men (64.3%) and in their thirties (55.3%). The overall seroprevalence of anti-HAV IgG was 36.2%. In multivariate analyses, anti-HAV IgG seropositivity was independently associated with working in a workplace with ≥2 health managers (vs no health manager, adjusted OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.43); age 40–49 years (vs 20–29 years, OR 2.51, 95% CI 2.36 to 2.68); female sex (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.59); experience of any general disease (vs no general disease history, OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.25), obesity (vs normal weight, OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.97); and hepatitis B antibody seropositivity (OR 2.39, 95% CI 2.31 to 2.49).ConclusionsThe low prevalence of anti-HAV IgG seropositivity points to a need for implementation of workplace-based hepatitis A vaccine programmes. To promote workers’ health and prevent hepatitis A outbreaks, occupational health managers, healthcare providers and policy-makers should focus on individuals who are susceptible to HAV, such as young men.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus in a cross-sectional study in Mexico

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce ◽  
Carlos Conde-Gonzalez ◽  
Rosalba Rojas ◽  
Rodrigo DeAntonio ◽  
Luis Romano-Mazzotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses among pregnant women in Northern Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzin Sadeghi ◽  
Zahra Golchob ◽  
Maryam Javadian ◽  
Mohammad Barary ◽  
Parisa Sabbagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proactive Measures ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: Hepatitis A (HAV) and Hepatitis E viruses (HEV) are endemic in Iran and are known major causes of acute viral hepatitis. Also, during pregnancy, they are associated with severe outcomes. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate the antibody levels against HAV and HEV in pregnant women to avoid severe outcomes incidence. Study design and methods: A total of 247 pregnant women were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. In addition to completing the questionnaire and interviewing all participants, the serum samples were tested for anti-HAV and anti-HEV IgG using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The association between anti-HAV and anti-HEV antibodies status and risk factors was evaluated. Results: The mean age of patients was 28.06 +- 5.29 years. Anti-HAV antibody was found in 111 patients (44.9%), while anti-HEV antibody was detected in only two pregnant women (0.8%). The seroprevalence of HAV was inversely related to the level of education. There was no significant correlation between HAV antibody levels and age, marital status, residence location, and pregnancy trimesters. Conclusion: Considering many complications of these diseases in pregnancy, the detection of enteroviral hepatitis, especially HAV in pregnant women, is necessary, and therefore, proactive measures, such as promoting education, improving people awareness, and vaccination, are recommended.

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