Identification, characterization and expression analysis of the chalcone synthase family in the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghao Yao ◽  
Tailin Wang ◽  
Huijuan Wang ◽  
Hongwei Liu ◽  
Shenghao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Chalcone Synthase ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Pohlia Nutans ◽  
Antarctic Moss

AbstractMosses have adapted to the Antarctic environment and are an ideal medium for studying plant resistance to abiotic stress. Chalcone synthase is the first committed enzyme in the flavonoid metabolic pathway, which plays an indispensable role in plant resistance to adversity. In this study, six genes (Pn021, PnCHS088, Pn270, PnCHS444, PnCHS768 and Pn847) were identified in the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans Lindberg transcriptome by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Sequence alignment and three-dimensional structure analysis revealed the conserved amino acid residues of the enzymes of the chalcone synthase family, including three catalytic residues (Cys164, His303 and Asn336) and two substrate recognition residues (Phe215 and Phe265). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PnCHS088, PnCHS444 and PnCHS768 might be chalcone synthase but that Pn021 is more like stilbenecarboxylate synthase. These genes were located at the transition between fungi and advanced plants in the phylogenetic tree. In addition, real-time PCR analysis revealed that the expression profiles of the six P. nutans genes were influenced by diverse abiotic stresses as well as by abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate. The results presented here contribute to the study of the CHS gene family in polar mosses and further reveal the mechanisms underlying the adaptation of mosses to extreme environments.

Characterization of an A-type cyclin-dependent kinase gene from Dendrobium candidum

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
Ming-Ming Zhao ◽  
Biao Li ◽  
Shun-Xing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Kinase Gene ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Dendrobium Candidum ◽  
Rapid Amplification

AbstractCyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play an essential role in cell cycle regulation during the embryonic and postembryonic development of organisms. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of CDKs involved in embryogenesis regulation in the endangered medicinal plant Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl., a 1229-bp full-length cDNA of an A-type CDK gene, Denca;CDKA;1, was identified using 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) PCR. Denca;CDKA;1 was predicted to encode a 294 amino acid residue-long protein of 33.76 kDa with an isoelectric point of 7.72. The deduced Denca;CDKA;1 protein contained a conserved serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (S-TKc) and a canonical cyclinbinding “PSTAIRE” motif. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that members of CDKA family from various plants exhibited a high degree of sequence identity ranging from 82% to 93%. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree showed that Denca;CDKA;1 was clustered into the plant group and was distant from the animal and fungal groups. The modeled three-dimensional structure of Denca;CDKA;1 exhibited the similar functional structure of a fold consisting of β-sheets and α-helices joined by discontinuous random coils forming two relatively independent lobes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that Denca;CDKA;1 transcripts were the most abundant in protocorm-like bodies with 4.76 fold, followed by that in roots (4.19 fold), seeds (2.57 fold), and stems (1.57 fold). This study characterized the novel Denca;CDKA;1 gene from D. candidum for the first time and the results will be useful for further functional determination of the gene.

Characterization and expression analysis of a mitochondrial heat-shock protein 70 gene from the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans

Polar Biology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1145-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghao Liu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Bailin Cong ◽  
Xiaohang Huang ◽  
Kaoshan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Mitochondrial Heat Shock Protein ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Pohlia Nutans ◽  
Antarctic Moss

PnF3H, a flavanone 3-hydroxylase from the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans, confers tolerance to salt stress and ABA treatment in transgenic Arabidopsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Li ◽  
Shenghao Liu ◽  
Xinghao Yao ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Tailin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Pohlia Nutans ◽  
Antarctic Moss

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of the Amylase Activity from the New Haloarchaeal Strain Haloarcula sp. HS Isolated in the Odiel Marshlands

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Patricia Gómez-Villegas ◽  
Javier Vigara ◽  
Luis Romero ◽  
Cecilia Gotor ◽  
Sara Raposo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolases ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Alpha Amylases

Alpha-amylases are a large family of α,1-4-endo-glycosyl hydrolases distributed in all kingdoms of life. The need for poly-extremotolerant amylases encouraged their search in extreme environments, where archaea become ideal candidates to provide new enzymes that are able to work in the harsh conditions demanded in many industrial applications. In this study, a collection of haloarchaea isolated from Odiel saltern ponds in the southwest of Spain was screened for their amylase activity. The strain that exhibited the highest activity was selected and identified as Haloarcula sp. HS. We demonstrated the existence in both, cellular and extracellular extracts of the new strain, of functional α-amylase activities, which showed to be moderately thermotolerant (optimum around 60 °C), extremely halotolerant (optimum over 25% NaCl), and calcium-dependent. The tryptic digestion followed by HPLC-MS/MS analysis of the partially purified cellular and extracellular extracts allowed to identify the sequence of three alpha-amylases, which despite sharing a low sequence identity, exhibited high three-dimensional structure homology, conserving the typical domains and most of the key consensus residues of α-amylases. Moreover, we proved the potential of the extracellular α-amylase from Haloarcula sp. HS to treat bakery wastes under high salinity conditions.

The Antarctic Circumpolar Current in Three Dimensions

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timour Radko ◽  
John Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Circumpolar Current ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Perturbation Expansion ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Residual Circulation ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Overturning Circulation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Circumpolar Current ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract A simple theory is developed for the large-scale three-dimensional structure of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the upper cell of its overturning circulation. The model is based on a perturbation expansion about the zonal-average residual-mean model developed previously by Marshall and Radko. The problem is solved using the method of characteristics for idealized patterns of wind and buoyancy forcing constructed from observations. The equilibrium solutions found represent a balance between the Eulerian meridional overturning, eddy-induced circulation, and downstream advection by the mean flow. Depth and stratification of the model thermocline increase in the Atlantic–Indian Oceans sector where the mean wind stress is large. Residual circulation in the model is characterized by intensification of the overturning circulation in the Atlantic–Indian sector and reduction in strength in the Pacific Ocean region. Predicted three-dimensional patterns of stratification and residual circulation in the interior of the ACC are compared with observations.

The Ozone Hole Breakup in September 2002 as Seen by SCIAMACHY on ENVISAT

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. von Savigny ◽  
A. Rozanov ◽  
H. Bovensmann ◽  
K.-U. Eichmann ◽  
S. Noël ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Polar Stratospheric Cloud ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
Scanning Imaging ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract An unprecedented stratospheric warming in the Southern Hemisphere in September 2002 led to the breakup of the Antarctic ozone hole into two parts. The Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY) on the European Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) performed continuous observations of limb-scattered solar radiance spectra throughout the stratospheric warming. Thereby, global measurements of vertical profiles of several important minor constituents are provided with a vertical resolution of about 3 km. In this study, stratospheric profiles of O3, NO2, and BrO retrieved from SCIAMACHY limb-scattering observations together with polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) observations for selected days prior to (12 September), during (27 September), and after (2 October) the ozone hole split are employed to provide a picture of the temporal evolution of the Antarctic stratosphere’s three-dimensional structure.

scholarly journals R proteins as fundamentals of plant innate immunity

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwester Głowacki ◽  
Violetta Macioszek ◽  
Andrzej Kononowicz
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Plant Innate Immunity ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Pathogen Effectors

AbstractPlants are attacked by a wide spectrum of pathogens, being the targets of viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes and insects. Over the course of their evolution, plants have developed numerous defense mechanisms including the chemical and physical barriers that are constitutive elements of plant cell responses locally and/or systemically. However, the modern approach in plant sciences focuses on the evolution and role of plant protein receptors corresponding to specific pathogen effectors. The recognition of an invader’s molecules could be in most cases a prerequisite sine qua non for plant survival. Although the predicted three-dimensional structure of plant resistance proteins (R) is based on research on their animal homologs, advanced technologies in molecular biology and bioinformatics tools enable the investigation or prediction of interaction mechanisms for specific receptors with pathogen effectors. Most of the identified R proteins belong to the NBS-LRR family. The presence of other domains (including the TIR domain) apart from NBS and LRR is fundamental for the classification of R proteins into subclasses. Recently discovered additional domains (e.g. WRKY) of R proteins allowed the examination of their localization in plant cells and the role they play in signal transduction during the plant resistance response to biotic stress factors. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge about the NBS-LRR family of plant R proteins: their structure, function and evolution, and the role they play in plant innate immunity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document