A longitudinal examination of the associations between mothers' and sons' attributions and their aggression

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROL MACKINNON–LEWIS ◽  
MICHAEL E. LAMB ◽  
JOHN HATTIE ◽  
LAILA P. BARADARAN
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Behavior ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Examination ◽  
Bidirectional Effects

This study tested an integrative, multipathway model designed to explain bidirectional effects of the attributions and coercive behaviors of mothers and sons in the context of a longitudinal study. Subjects were 246 mothers and sons who were 7–9 years of age. Mothers' and sons' attributions about one another's intent were significantly related to the aggressiveness of the behavior that each of them directed toward the other. Boys' earlier aggression did not significantly predict the mothers' subsequent attributions, whereas mothers' negative behavior indeed predicted subsequent negative attributions on the part of the boys. Even after considering children's earlier negative behavior, children's negative attributions about their mothers helped explain the aggressiveness of their subsequent behavior. The same was not true for mothers whose earlier attributions indirectly influenced their subsequent aggressive behavior.

The Developmental Trend of Mutual Friendship and the Prospective Effect of Aggressive Behavior: A Three-year Longitudinal Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1266-1274
Author(s):  
Dong-Mei ZHAO ◽  
Zong-Kui ZHOU ◽  
Xiao-Jun SUN ◽  
Hsueh Yeh ◽  
Cohen Robert
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Developmental Trend

AGGRESSION IN PRESCHOOLERS: ITS RELATION TO SOCIALIZATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
Klaus Minde
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Aggressive Children

The present article discusses developmental changes of aggression seen in preschool children and reports on an 18-month short-term prospective study of three preschool populations: a group referred for aggressive behavior problems, a normal control group, and a group of youngsters who had lived in violent homes, but showed no aggressive behaviors. Results indicate that the aggressive children, in comparison with the other two groups at age 4, showed a significant delay in their interpersonal awareness and perspective taking ability. However, although the aggressive children caught up with their peers in the course of the study period, there was no accompanying decrease in their aggressive behavior. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction and Employee Engagement Contemporary Tools to Eliminate Stress Among work Force in an Organization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2381-2383
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Work Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Behavior ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Utmost Care

Stress is a not a new word to the organizations. It is been a boiling subject from years ago as it is spread across the globe. To evade this, organizations tries to improve their employee’s satisfaction levels at job, so that a positive attitude can be inculcated among workforce. The other tool to abstain from mocking execution and deriding performance of an organization is employee’s engagement. It is a key which prompts hierarchical achievement and furthermore a fundamental factor to be considered while assessing stress. Stress cannot be eliminated from any organization but can be handled with utmost care to get good results. If stress is not managed well, it generates a negative behavior in workforce which destroys the end results or an organization fails to achieve its goals. If it continues for a long period of time, the result could be closure of an organization because over stress will reduce the employee performance. This research paper is expected to comprehend the reasons which lead to employee stress inside an organization, to discuss the variables which robustly correlate with stress level of employees and also to suggest the mechanism to overcome stress.

scholarly journals Change in Anti-COVID-19 Behavior and Prejudice against Minorities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Evidence from Five European Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Zingora ◽  
Sylvie Graf ◽  
Martina Hrebickova ◽  
Jaroslav Tocik ◽  
David Lacko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Change Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Latent Change Score ◽  
Score Model

In the COVID-19 pandemic, it is vital to identify factors increasing behaviors that limit the transmission of COVID-19 (i.e., anti-COVID-19 behavior) and factors protecting against the negative consequences of the pandemic on societies (i.e., prejudice). A simultaneous investigation of a change in anti-COVID behavior and prejudice during the pandemic is essential because some factors (e.g., fear of COVID-19) could increase both outcomes, whilst other factors (e.g., norms in anti-COVID behavior or intergroup contact in prejudice) could bring desirable changes in one outcome without negatively affecting the other. In a three-wave longitudinal study (NT1 = 4275) in five European countries from April to October 2020, we employed a latent change score model to distinguish between intra- and inter-individual changes in anti-COVID-19 behavior and prejudice. On the intra-individual level, anti-COVID-19 behavior was increased by anti-COVID-19 norms; and prejudice against migrants from the Middle East was influenced by positive and negative direct and mass-media intergroup contact.

The Effects of Distance and Intervening Obstacles on Visual Inference in Blind and Sighted Children

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann E. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Perceptual Experience ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
The Other ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Visually Impaired Children

Totally blind, visually impaired, and normally sighted children participated in a longitudinal study in which they were asked if an observer could see the toy they were holding from varying distances in three different tasks: (1) in front of the child with no intervening obstacles between the observer and the toy; (2) behind the child with the child's body as an intervening obstacle; (3) in front of the child with walls or furniture as intervening obstacles. Visually impaired and normally sighted children were given the tasks in both blindfold and nonblindfold conditions. The totally blind children mastered the tasks later than the other groups of children. The totally blind and visually impaired children in the blindfold condition made more mistakes in Tasks 1 and 2 when the observer was over 1 metre from them than when she was less than 1 metre from them. The totally blind children had more difficulty on Task 3 than the other children, and were the only children to make mistakes when walls were the intervening obstacles between the observer and the toy. The results suggest that blind children have difficulty understanding the effects of distance and intervening obstacles on vision and that their mistaken ideas may be based on analogies to their own perceptual experience.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the meningococcal carrier state and characteristics of the carrier strains: a longitudinal study within three cohorts of military recruits

1998 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ANDERSEN ◽  
L. BERTHELSEN ◽  
B. BECH JENSEN ◽  
I. LIND
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Military Recruits ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Over Time

Three cohorts of Danish male military recruits (n=1069) were studied for pharyngeal meningococcal carriage during 3 months at different seasons: 39–47% of entrants were meningococcal carriers and the carriage rate remained constant over time and season. However, individual changes in the carrier state occurred frequently, and after 3 months 34% had changed carrier state on one or more occasions. Initially, a loss of carriage predominated; on the other hand almost 20% of non-carriers had acquisition of meningococci within the first month. The serological phenotypes of the 670 carrier strains were compared with those of 261 invasive strains recovered concurrently from patients with meningococcal disease country-wide. Both carrier strains and invasive strains were phenotypically heterogeneous. Almost 60% of the invasive strains belonged to three phenotypes: B[ratio ]15[ratio ]P1.7, 16, C[ratio ]2a[ratio ]P1.2, 5 and C[ratio ]2b[ratio ]P1.2, 5. In contrast, these phenotypes only amounted to 3·2% of the carrier strains, among which no phenotype was found with a prevalence above 4·9%. However, 30% of the carrier strains had serological phenotypes identical to those of 80% of the invasive strains. Our results indicated that the transmission rate of potential pathogenic carrier strains did not differ from that of other carrier strains.

scholarly journals Aggression towards Referees in Amateur Football in Spain: A Loglinear Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fuente ◽  
Enrique Cantón ◽  
Francisco Montes ◽  
María Ángeles Sanruperto Abella
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Other ◽  
Loglinear Model ◽  
The Third ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The City

Aggressive behavior towards football referees is becoming increasingly common, and as a result we are getting used to it and coming to see it as an inevitable and intrinsic element of football matches. Spectators, players and coaches are all prone to take this view. This article studies how the types of aggression shown by these three groups towards the referee are related to one another, and how they are perceived by the referee, in amateur football. For this purpose, the phenomenon was assessed, using an ad-hoc form, both by an expert and by the referee, in 119 regional and youth football matches in the city of Valencia and surrounding municipalities. We analysed the data using a loglinear model, which enabled us to establish that from the referee’s perspective pairs of the above-mentioned groups influenced each other regardless of the attitude of the third group. On the other hand, departing from the traditional idea that aggressive behaviour by one of the groups determines the behaviour of the other two, the analysis of the expert’s opinions on the attitudes of the three groups led us to a model in which their respective actions were independent of one another.

scholarly journals The dyadic construction of romantic conflict recovery sabotage

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Haydon ◽  
Cassandra Jonestrask ◽  
Haley Guhn-Knight ◽  
Jessica E. Salvatore
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Negative Behavior ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
One Year ◽  
Demand Withdraw

This longitudinal study of 100 couples assessed individual and dyadic processes associated with romantic conflict recovery or how couples behave in the moments following conflict. Couples completed measures of attachment anxiety and avoidance; a conflict discussion during which affect, behavior, and conflict resolution were coded; a cooldown discussion during which post-conflict behavior was coded; and measures of relationship satisfaction and stability one year later. Recovery sabotage (negative behavior and perseveration on conflict in the moments following conflict) was associated with high attachment anxiety and low avoidance. Recovery sabotage was unrelated to affect expressed during conflict and was instead tied to whether partners aired or suppressed grievances. Consistent with the demand–withdraw conflict pattern, recovery sabotage was associated with lower actor conflict avoidance but higher partner conflict avoidance. These effects were independent of conflict resolution, which was not significantly associated with recovery sabotage when other features of conflict were controlled. Recovery sabotage and conflict resolution also differentially predicted satisfaction and stability one year later. Findings suggest recovery sabotage is a distinct, developmentally organized relationship process tied to attachment history and behavioral, rather than affective, transactions between partners during conflict.

A Longitudinal Study of the Relation between Acquiring a Dog and Loneliness

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolina M. Duvall Antonacopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Companion Animal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Direct Measure ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Over Time

This longitudinal study examined the effect of acquiring a dog using both an indirect and a direct measure of loneliness. The loneliness levels of 31 adults who acquired a dog and a control group of 35 non-dog guardians (non-dog owners) were assessed at baseline and 8 months. Results revealed that changes in loneliness over time differed for the two groups when loneliness was assessed through a 1-item direct measure. Participants who acquired a dog experienced reduced loneliness levels from baseline to 8 months and were less lonely at 8 months than non-dog guardians, even though the two groups did not differ at baseline. On the other hand, when loneliness was assessed through a multi-item indirect measure, acquiring a dog had no effect on loneliness. These results highlight the importance of the type of measure used to assess loneliness when examining changes in loneliness following the acquisition of a companion animal.

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