A NEW VERSION OF MISKAWAYH’S BOOK OF TRIUMPH: AN ALTERNATIVE RECENSION OF AL-FAWZ AL-AṢGHAR OR THE LOST FAWZ AL-AKBAR?

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELVIRA WAKELNIG
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Standard Version ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Version ◽  
The One ◽  
Unpublished Manuscripts

Textual evidence preserved in two still unpublished manuscripts strongly suggests that there once existed an alternative version of Miskawayh’s Fawz al-aṣghar, the Minor Book of Triumph. The article discusses possible explanations for why Miskawayh may have composed two recensions of his Fawz and compares structure and content of the alternative version with the edited standard version. The one passage which is contained in the alternative Fawz only is presented in Arabic with an English translation. Part of this additional material is parallel to al-Fārābī’s Iḥṣā’ al-‘ulūm, namely its division of natural sciences, and may ultimately derive from a no longer extant treatise by Paul the Persian. An appendix provides the Arabic text and English translation of a hitherto unknown fragment of al-Balkhī in which he discusses Plato’s saying that the world has a causative, but no temporal beginning.

Defending the Difference

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Natural Entities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

Dreyfus argues that there is a basic methodological difference between the natural sciences and the social sciences, a difference that derives from the different goals and practices of each. He goes on to argue that being a realist about natural entities is compatible with pluralism or, as he calls it, “plural realism.” If intelligibility is always grounded in our practices, Dreyfus points out, then there is no point of view from which one can ask about or provide an answer to the one true nature of ultimate reality. But that is consistent with believing that the natural sciences can still reveal the way the world is independent of our theories and practices.

scholarly journals A Translation into English of Khalil I. Al-Fuzai’s1 “Reaching the End”2

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
Gassim H. Dohal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Main Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Power ◽  
The One

A youth cannot marry his cousin because her father refuses for economic reasons.  This story shows how the Saudi Arabian society connects marriage with wealth, even when it comes to relatives who are obligated culturally to take care of one another.  A father is ready to sacrifice his daughter for a rich person, hoping that marriage bargain will improve his economic status.  The customs of the society validate that a father can do to his daughter what he sees as good. Also, the norms of the society require a younger relative to obey an older one, even working for him; a person cannot fight back or challenge an elder.  Accordingly, the relation between relatives is a relation of traditional and cultural power recognized and imposed by the society. In this story, the protagonist is colonized physically and mentally: in addition to having been exploited for fifteen years, he believes that his life is secured with his uncle.  And hence, “he almost lost his personal independence,” as the story states.  He can lose anything as long as his future is granted, for he believes that he is the only heir of his uncle.  But after his uncle’s refusal of his proposal, he becomes aware of being marginalized and colonized.  He has to struggle and search for his identity after being considered as “a nobody in the world of the living.”  Like the protagonist who kills his father in the previous story, the youth of this story “deludes himself that he is brave and that he has to prove it.” Yet as an oppressed and marginalized person, the main character is neither supposed nor expected to practice oppression.  But he thinks of violating his uncle’s daughter’s honor—for no fault except that she is his uncle’s daughter.  In a culture that valorizes masculine values, the wretched girl becomes the victim of both her father, who wants to sell her as a commodity for the one who pays more, and of her cousin, who wants to exploit her in order to achieve his goals. Finally, in my translation, some well-known words are kept with their original pronunciation and written in italics to keep the reader aware of the Arabic text.3  

Panentheism, Transhumanism, and the Problem of Evil - From Metaphysics to Ethics

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Benedikt Paul Göcke
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Problem Of Evil ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Metaphysical Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
The Problem Of Evil ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Ethical Demand

There is a close systematic relationship between panentheism, as a metaphysical theory about the relation between God and the world, and transhumanism, the ethical demand to use the means of the applied sciences to enhance both human nature and the environment. This relationship between panentheism and transhumanism provides a ‘cosmic’ solution to the problem of evil: on panentheistic premises, the history of the world is the one infinite life of God, and we are part of the one infinite divine being. We ourselves are therefore responsible for the future development of the life of the divine being. We should therefore use the means provided by the natural sciences to develop the history of the world in such a way that the existence of evil shall be overcome and shall no longer be part of the divine being in whom we move and live and have our being. The metaphysics of panentheism leads to the ethics of transhumanism.

When Integration Fails: The Logic of Prescription and Description in Business Ethics

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empirical Inquiry ◽  
World Vision ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Guidance ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
The One

In an engaging and provocative paper, Linda Trevino and Gary Weaver spell out the differences between the methodological approach characteristic of the natural sciences on the one hand and that of normative inquiry on the other (Trevino and Weaver, 1991). Near the end of their paper they raise a haunting question that will have increasing significance as the management literature in ethics evolves: namely, “Can the two approaches be integrated?”As C. P. Snow (1962) noted, no one can deny either the stark differences between the two worlds of normative and empirical inquiry, or the mutual suspicion shown by their inhabitants. The methodology of natural science implies a non-normative, thoroughly descriptive vision of the world in which reality awaits discovery by the scientist prepared to use increasingly sophisticated techniques. In contrast, the methodology of normative inquiry, i.e., that of traditional moral philosophy, implies a world-vision in which most important issues are allocated to ethics, where empirical pursuits are frequently trivial and always require ethical guidance, and where empirical theories contain normative presuppositions unrecognized as normative even by their scientific adherents.

scholarly journals Arethe Sociologistswell prepared to the Modern War

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1090-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg N. Yanitsky
Keyword(s):  
Turning Points ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Additional Indication ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Modern War

This article is one additional indication that a new realm of multi-sided and trans-disciplinary sociological studies is emerging within the interrelated scope of social, technical and natural sciences. How Russian sociology will respond to this cworld challenge of the new times? Do the sociologists and political scientists well prepared to the modern cold or hot war, to a variety of small and middle-scale wars under conditions of globalization and the development of the IT technologies, on the one hand, and separatism and a tough global struggle for resources and political domination, on the other? Are the new political subjects that have emerged as a result of such wars legitimate? The article presents the authors reflection on these and other critical ˜turning points of the world and Russian sociology and practice.

scholarly journals CORAK PENAFSIRAN ISYARI DALAM TAFSIR JEMA’AT AHMADIYAH QADIYAN (Satu Analisa dalam Perspektif Ilmu Tafsir)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Andi Putra Ishak
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
The World ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Short Commentary ◽  
The Holy Quran

Ahmadiyah Qadiyan interpretation controversy has caused tremendous reaction from Muslims around the world, not only in his native land claimed as the Ahmadis non-Muslim minority, even in the Islamic world is considered heretical groups in and out of Islam. This fallacy stems from religious interpretations that do not comply with the disciplines of Islam, giving rise to different views in terms of religious principles. However, Ahmadiyah still claiming to be performer true religion of Islam, because in principle they still cling to the Qur'an and other Islamic scientific sources such as tradition, the views of prophet Muhammad companions and his followers. In addition they also have their own interpretation book is "THE HOLY QURAN ARABIC TEXT WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION & SHORT COMMENTARY". Bayiruddin Mahmud Ahmad, the Ahmadiyya Caliph as the author of the commentary has made this interpretation tends to isyari patterns that seem to justify the prophetic claims of Ghulam Ahmad, by because it is necessary Overview of disciplines commentators to see the extent of the validity of the interpretation.

Psychology from Egyptian, Arab, and Islamic Perspectives

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad A-L.H. Abou-Hatab
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

This paper presents the case of psychology from a perspective not widely recognized by the West, namely, the Egyptian, Arab, and Islamic perspective. It discusses the introduction and development of psychology in this part of the world. Whenever such efforts are evaluated, six problems become apparent: (1) the one-way interaction with Western psychology; (2) the intellectual dependency; (3) the remote relationship with national heritage; (4) its irrelevance to cultural and social realities; (5) the inhibition of creativity; and (6) the loss of professional identity. Nevertheless, some major achievements are emphasized, and a four-facet look into the 21st century is proposed.

Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dina Amelia
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Western World ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Voice

There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

CRYPTOCURRENCY PHENOMENON IN THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Артур Анатолійович Василенко
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
State University ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Graduate Student ◽  
The One ◽  
Xix Century

UDC 336.74   Vasylenko Artur, post-graduate student. Mariupol State University. Cryptocurrency Phenomenon in the International Monetary System. The main prerequisites of cryptocurrency emergence in the international monetary system in terms of regionalization of the world economy are defined in the article. Determination of «cryptocurrency» category was analysed from the point of two main approaches to its treatment: on the one hand cryptocurrency is admitted to be the currency equally to the sovereign currency, and on the other hand it is considered as an unrecognized virtual asset. The main consequences which arise in case of widespread use of crypto currency for the country and for the parties that agreed to use cryptocurrency were analysed and systematized. On the basis of the research, given the current trends in the world economy, the author put forward and substantiated the hypothesis to classify the phenomenon of cryptocurrency as the effects of a famous philosophical «Negation of negation law» formulated by G. Hegel at the beginning of the XIX century.   Keywords: cryptocurrency, material money, electronic money, digital currency, regional currency integration, blockchain, mining, capitalization, «Negation of negation law».

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