Does the lag time between radicle and epicotyl emergences in acorns of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) depend on the duration of cold stratification and post-stratification temperatures? Modelling with the sigmoidal growth curves approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Szymon Jastrzębowski ◽  
Joanna Ukalska ◽  
Jeffrey L. Walck
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Cold Stratification ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Post Stratification

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine how the current (10–16 weeks) and predicted future (2–8 weeks) length of cold stratification and current and predicted future post-stratification temperatures influence radicle and epicotyl emergence in acorns of Quercus robur. We tested radicle and epicotyl emergence at two temperatures corresponding to the current (15/6°C) and predicted future early autumn and spring temperatures (25/15°C) in Poland. We fitted models to describe and derive parameters for radicle and epicotyl emergences over time. The parameters included maximum percentage, rate of emergences, time to achieve the maximum emergence rate, emergence delay and time to 50% emergence. In most cases, the Gompertz model was the best fit, but in a few cases, the logistic model was the best. Richard's model for most of the cases did not converge. This model, according to both information criteria values, was the best fit for epicotyl emergence at 15/6°C following 8 weeks of cold stratification. Richard's model was also the best fit for epicotyl emergence at 25/15°C following 14 weeks of stratification.. Our results indicate that at temperatures typical for early autumn (15/6°C), the time necessary for radicle emergence from 50% of acorns was longer than that from acorns placed at 25/15°C. Four weeks of cold stratification extended 50% radicle emergence at 15/6°C to 70 d, whereas 12 weeks of stratification shortened the time to 11 d. When the acorns were incubated at 25/15°C, radicle emergence occurred faster than at 15/6°C and the time lag between radicle and epicotyl was shorter.

Growth and management of mixed Pinus sylvestris - Quercus robur stands in Flanders, Belgium

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Maddelein ◽  
J. Neirynck ◽  
G. Sioen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Stand Management ◽  
Pine Stands

Mature  Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris  L.) stands are dominating large parts of the Flemish forest area. Broadleaved  species regenerate spontaneously under this pine canopy. This study studied  the growth and development of two planted pine stands with an older natural  regeneration, dominated by pedunculate oak (Quercus  robur L.), and discussed management options for  similar stands.     The results indicated a rather good growth of the stands, with current  annual increments of 5 m3.ha-1.yr-1. The pine overstorey is growing into valuable sawwood  dimensions, while the broadleaved understorey slowly grows into the  upperstorey. The quality of the regeneration is moderate but can be improved  by silvicultural measurements (pruning, early selection).     In both stands, an interesting (timber production, nature conservation)  admixture of secondary tree species is present in the regeneration. Stand  management is evolving from the classical clearcut system towards a  combination of a type of selection and group selection system.

scholarly journals A Study on the Feasibility of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Raw Cheese Whey with Coffee Pulp Residues

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3611
Author(s):  
Sandra Gonzalez-Piedra ◽  
Héctor Hernández-García ◽  
Juan M. Perez-Morales ◽  
Laura Acosta-Domínguez ◽  
Juan-Rodrigo Bastidas-Oyanedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Cheese Production

In this paper, a study on the feasibility of the treatment of raw cheese whey by anaerobic co-digestion using coffee pulp residues as a co-substrate is presented. It considers raw whey generated in artisanal cheese markers, which is generally not treated, thus causing environmental pollution problems. An experimental design was carried out evaluating the effect of pH and the substrate ratio on methane production at 35 °C (i.e., mesophilic conditions). The interaction of the parameters on the co-substrate degradation and the methane production was analyzed using a response surface analysis. Furthermore, two kinetic models were proposed (first order and modified Gompertz models) to determine the dynamic profiles of methane yield. The results show that co-digestion of the raw whey is favored at pH = 6, reaching a maximum yield of 71.54 mLCH4 gVSrem−1 (31.5% VS removed) for raw cheese whey and coffee pulp ratio of 1 gVSwhey gVSCoffe−1. The proposed kinetic models successfully fit the experimental methane production data, the Gompertz model being the one that showed the best fit. Then, the results show that anaerobic co-digestion can be used to reduce the environmental impact of raw whey. Likewise, the methane obtained can be integrated into the cheese production process, which could contribute to reducing the cost per energy consumption.

scholarly journals Population genetic structure of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) in Belarus according to the analysis of chloroplast DNA

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Vladimir E. Padutov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Methods ◽  
The Republic

Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is one of the main forest forming species in the Republic of Belarus. Its population genetic structure was formed under the influence of various migration processes. Six chloroplast DNA loci (µdt1, µdt3, µdt4, µcd4, µcd5 and µkk4) were used for the genogeographic study. The material for the analysis was collected in 100 oak forest stands (2325 samples); 18 allelic variants were identified, which are grouped into 17 different combinations (haplotypes). Five of them are widespread (the proportion of occurrence varies from 7 to 48 %, totalling 85 %). The remaining 12 are rare (the proportion of occurrence varies from 1 to 3 %, totalling 15 %). Phylogenetic trees constructed using the nearest neighbour and maximum likelihood methods show the presence of two groups (branches) of haplotypes. One of it comprises 8 variants including 2 dominant haplotypes and the other comprises 9 variants including 3 dominant haplotypes. PCR-RFLP analysis of chloroplast DNA showed that the pedunculate oak in Belarus originates from the Balkan refugium. Haplotype No. 1 (µdt189, µdt3123, µdt4142, µcd494, µcd574, µkk4109) is found almost everywhere in Belarus with the exception of the southwest and northeast, while haplotype No. 8 (µdt189, µdt3121, µdt4142, µcd494, µcd574, µkk4109) is mainly localised in the southwest and northeast. Haplotypes No. 3 (µdt189, µdt3120, µdt4141, µcd494, µcd575, µkk4109) and No. 7 (µdt189, µdt3122, µdt4142, µcd494, µcd574, µkk4109) predominantly found in the west of the country. Haplotype No. 2 (µdt190, µdt3120, µdt4141, µcd495, µcd574, µkk4109) is typical for the southeast.

scholarly journals Appreciation of tolerance at the impact of thermal stress on photosystem ii activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) trees of different ecological origin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1(22)) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Petru Cuza ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Photosystem Ii Activity ◽  
The Impact

Extreme weather events with high temperatures and strong sunlight have increased alarmingly in the last few decades, considerable affecting plant photosynthesis. In this study, the impact of thermal stress on photosystem II activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak trees (Quercus robur L.) of different ecological origin was assessed. Four days after the thermal shock application with a temperature of 50°C during 20, 40, 60 minutes, the processes of recovery on photosystem II activity in the leaves of the oak trees in the investigated provenances took place with different speed and fullness. The recovery of the functional state of photosystem II in the leaves of the trees showed that in the environmental conditions of the ,,Plaiul Fagului” reservation territory an advanced thermotolerance to the thermal stress action was specifi c for the origin from the north of the country (Edinet). The leaves of the trees of local and southern origin showed a low resistance to the thermal stress action. The advanced adaptation capacity, the high growth rate of the trees from the northern provenance suggest that the acorn harvested from the oaks of northern origin can be used for the works of extension of the afforestation areas in the central area of the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals Acorn size influence on the quality of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) one-year old seedlings

REFORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Devetaković ◽  
◽  
Marina Nonić ◽  
Bojan Prokić ◽  
Vladan Popović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Acorn Size ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Oak Species Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea Liebl. Identification Based on UHPLC-HRMS/MS Molecular Networks

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Buche ◽  
Cyril Colas ◽  
Laëtitia Fougère ◽  
Emilie Destandau
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Molecular Network ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Venn Diagram ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fragmentation Patterns ◽  
The Individual

Two species of oak are dominant in French forests: pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.). Their differentiation is not straightforward but is essential to better understand their respective molecular content in order to better valorize them. Thus, to improve oak species identification, an untargeted UHPLC-HRMS/MS method associated with a two-step data treatment was developed to analyze a wide range of specialized metabolites enabling the comparison of both species of oak extracts. Pooled extracts from sessile and pedunculate oaks, composed of extracts from several trees of pure species from various origins, were compared using first the Venn diagram, as a quick way to get an initial idea of how close the extracts are, and then using a molecular network to visualize, on the one hand, the ions shared between the two species and, on the other hand, the compounds specific to one species. The molecular network showed that the two species shared common clusters mainly representative of tannins derivatives and that each species has specific molecules with similar fragmentation patterns, associated in specific clusters. This methodology was then applied to compare these two pooled extracts to unknown individuals in order to determine the species. The Venn diagram allowed for the quick presumption of the species of the individual and then the species could be assigned more precisely with the molecular network, at the level of specific clusters. This method, developed for the first time, has several interests. First, it makes it possible to discriminate the species and to correctly assign the species of unknown samples. Moreover, it gave an overview of the metabolite composition of each sample to better target oak tree utilization and valorization.

Stage migration in breast cancer: Better detection or semantics in staging?

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18800-e18800
Author(s):  
Leah Elson ◽  
Nadeem Bilani ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Elizabeth Blessing Elimimian ◽  
Diana Saravia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Best Fit

e18800 Background: As oncology treatment has evolved to become more individualized, prognostic rationale has also undergone important changes. In breast cancer, disease staging was historically based upon anatomic features of the primary tumor, in combination with involvement of adjacent/distant tissues. However, as the understanding of molecular/genomic involvement became more advanced, staging definitions were redefined to incorporate receptors, histologic grade, and genetic expression. In this analysis, we use autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting to understand how AJCC updates to prognostic definitions have contributed to stage migration, and to comment on whether better detection, or definitional changes, may be responsible for the increasing incidence in early stage breast cancer. Methods: In this time series forecast, ARIMA models, per stage (early: stage I/II vs. late: stage III/IV) were constructed based on 2004-2016 historic breast cancer incidence rates, as reported by the NCDB. Multiple models were generated, using differing autoregressive parameters; the most predictive model was chosen using the lowest Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) to ensure best fit. Similar methodology has already been published to predict prostate cancer incidence. The best fit models were applied to forecast annual incidence, in the NCDB, in 2017. These data were compared to the real-world data captured in 2017. Statistics were performed using modeling systems in SPSS, version 27. Results: n=1,661,971 cases were included for these models, and 12 years of pre-AJCC updated NCDB breast cancer data were used. Using ARIMA modeling, best fit, stationary averages were identified, with autoregressive and difference terms which contributed to the lowest BIC, and MAPE < 5%, for both models. The best fit models forecasted 2017 incidence, by stage, without AJCC updates to staging criteria, and this data is compared to actual 2017 incidence with current updated AJCC 8th staging criteria (Table). Conclusions: During 2017, the first year of AJCC staging updates, there was an observed decrease in late stage diagnoses, and increase in early stage diagnoses, when compared with incidence rates that were forecasted using the old, anatomic AJCC criteria. Therefore, part of the stage migration noted may be a product of staging semantics, using updated definitions. Confirming appropriate improvement in long-term outcomes, based on new staging would be helpful. It is also important for clinicians and public health officials to bear this in-mind when interpreting epidemiologic data, for allocating resources, as shifts in staging may be a product of guideline changes, and not necessarily screening efficacy or early detection only.[Table: see text]

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