Perceived unmet needs of informal caregivers of people with dementia in Singapore

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1605-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar ◽  
Mythily Subramaniam ◽  
Louisa Picco ◽  
Goi Khia Eng ◽  
Saleha Shafie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Physical Burden

ABSTRACTBackground:This study aimed to explore the experiences and challenges of informal caregivers in Singapore with the intent of identifying the multi-dimensional unmet needs from their perspective and generating caregivers’ needs checklist based on the findings.Methods:Informal caregivers were relatives of people with dementia and were responsible for organizing care and providing regular physical and/or financial support. Using a qualitative research design, informal caregivers’ experiences were explored. A total of ten focus group discussions and 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted with adult caregivers. Caregivers’ perceived unmet needs were identified using thematic analysis. Findings from the qualitative study were combined with inputs from professionals to create a checklist of caregivers’ needs for dementia.Results:The average age of the participants was 52.9 years; the majority of the participants were of Chinese ethnicity (50%), followed by Indian (23%), Malay (22%), and other (3%) ethnic groups. Informal caregivers perceived four categories of unmet needs: (i) emotional and social support, (ii) information, (iii) financial support, and (iv) accessible and appropriate facilities. Caregivers strongly expressed the need for emotional support to overcome the psychological and physical burden of care. Challenges with obtaining adequate information, access to services, and financial barriers were discussed. Based on these findings and expert panel discussions, a checklist of 26 items representing their unmet needs was designed.Conclusions:Informal caregivers face several challenges while caring for their relative with dementia and hence there is a clear demand to address their unmet needs for information, services, respite, and emotional and financial support.

scholarly journals Exploring the influence of the curriculum on student learning in culturally and ethnically diverse classroom contexts: Praxis, paradoxes and perspectives of stakeholders

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Ganga B. Gurung ◽  
David Moltow ◽  
Peter Brett
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Diverse Classroom ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Perceptions Of Students

This paper explores the perceptions and lived experiences of Nepalese educators and stakeholders in relation to the school curriculum and its influence upon student learning in a culturally and ethnically diverse classroom context. The study adopted a qualitative research design using face-to-face semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to gather the perceptions of students, teachers, school principals and curriculum experts from three different schools representing distinct and diverse Nepalese settings. The findings identified that there are six main factors that affect curriculum delivery in Nepal: a centralised education system; social, economic and cultural diversity; political instability; curriculum content; the involvement of curriculum development stakeholders; and teachers’ content and pedagogical knowledge and related attributes. These six factors all contribute to a significant influence on student learning.

scholarly journals Identifying additional selection criteria for physiotherapy students in Zambia

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
E. M. Nkandu
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Academic Variables ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate additional factors that should be included in the selection process of physiotherapy students in Zambia. A qualitative research design was chosen. Focused group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection purposes. The results of the study showed that besides pre-selection achievement, a number of non-academic variables should be included in the selection process of students because of their potential to influence academic performance.

scholarly journals 553 - A promising Dutch initiative for highly intelligent seniors affected by dementia: a qualitative evaluation of Studiegroepen day time activities in long term care

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 94-94
Author(s):  
Ruslan Leontjevas ◽  
Monique Luyendijk ◽  
Rico Kremer ◽  
Debby L. Gerritsen
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
At Home

Background:Long term care organisations in the Netherlands organize day time activities for people with dementia who receive care at home to prevent burden of informal caregivers. Clients with dementia that are characterised as highly educated and/or highly intelligent often refuse to participate in such activities. Boredom, a lack of association with and unwillingness to mix with other participants are often reported. In 2006, the spiritual counselling department of long term care organisation Respect, The Hague, started with Studiegroepen (pronounced ‘studee-groo-pen’, study groups). This initiative provides adjusted leisure activities and group conversations about present-day topics and shared life experiences.Existential philosophical themes form the basis for discussions. Although Studiegroepen seems very successful and there are long waiting lists, the program is barely studied and is unknown in other organisations.Aims:(1) to explore the opinions of the participants, their informal caregivers (mainly partners), and spiritual counsellors about Studiegroepen and the way the program meets the participants needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness (Self Determination Theory); (2) for the development of implementation material for other organisations, the aim was to reveal specific components of the program and to explore their barriers and facilitators.Results:A thematic analysis in Atlas.ti of semi-structured interviews with 15 clients, eight informal caregivers and four spiritual counsellors revealed extremely positive evaluations. There were strong indications that the program meets clients’ needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness. A striking example of a positive evaluation was a cancellation of relocation of a client-partner couple due to the lack of Studiegroepen in that city. Results suggest positive effects on mood, and quality of life. Several informal caregivers perceived a delay in dementia progression. The research revealed specific program components and barriers and facilitators to implement them.Conclusions:Studiegroepen is a very positively evaluated initiative for highly educated and/or highly intelligent long time care clients with dementia living at home. This initiative should be systematically studied and described, while implementation material needs to be developed. This may help to introduce the program in other organisations and to further explore effects on outcomes in participants, and in informal caregivers.

scholarly journals The information trust formation process for informal caregivers of people with dementia: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sbaffi ◽  
Sarah Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Trust Formation ◽  
Information Trust

PurposeThis paper provides new insights on trust formation during information-seeking processes of informal caregivers of people with dementia and identifies the sources of information deemed as trustworthy by caregivers.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a phenomenological qualitative approach in the form of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a sample of 20 informal caregivers.FindingsCaregivers trust sources that are perceived as authoritative and particularly value the information and advice provided by other caregivers. Trust in information can be divided into subjective and objective, but both are important precursors to the actual use of the information. The information available to caregivers is sufficient in quantity but inadequate in terms of ease of use, clarity and usefulness. Often, some key information needs remain unsatisfied due to the lack of timeliness, relevance and personalisation of the information.Practical implicationsThis paper provides recommendations for information and healthcare providers on how to improve communication and information relevance for informal caregivers of people with dementia.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to a more comprehensive perspective on caregivers’ information trust formation processes, which takes into account both the characteristics of the information and caregivers’ individual factors.

scholarly journals The perceived and observed needs of patients with dementia admitted to acute medical wards

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1997-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Scerri ◽  
Charles Scerri ◽  
Anthea Innes
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Acute Hospitals ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Constant Observation

It is acknowledged that the needs of persons living with dementia admitted in acute hospitals are not always met. Previous studies have focused on the perceived needs of professional caregivers or family members whilst the voices of patients with dementia in acute hospitals have not been extensively reported. This may have contributed to the under-recognition of the needs of persons living with dementia. The aim of this study was to categorise the perceived and observed needs of persons with dementia admitted in acute medical wards and to explore whether these needs are being or have been met. Thirteen people with dementia in three medical wards, who could verbally communicate with the researcher, were purposively selected as research participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit each participant’s experiences of their hospital stay and whether their needs were perceived to have been/are being met. Moreover, routine care with the same participants was observed using Dementia Care Mapping. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs was used as a framework to categorise care needs. Our findings demonstrate that basic needs such as toileting, feeding, drinking, continence and comfort were not always met. Moreover, the largest gap between met and unmet needs was found in patients who were either under constant observation or unable to communicate. Too much emphasis was perceived and observed to be given on what staff considered as safety needs at the expense of other needs. The patients’ need for social contact and self-esteem such as dignity and respect were often ignored and this led to patients feeling devalued. Hospital staff have to be more aware of the holistic needs of patients with dementia in acute settings and the way care is delivered in order to make up for these unmet needs, thus facilitating person-centred care.

scholarly journals Explaining Caregivers' Perceptions of Palliative Care Unmet Needs in Iranian Alzheimer's Patients: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Ashrafizadeh ◽  
Mahin Gheibizadeh ◽  
Maryam Rassouli ◽  
Fatemeh Hajibabaee ◽  
Shahnaz Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Treatment Team ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: The needs of Alzheimer's patients are very complex and diverse and many of them are considered unmet needs. Understanding and responding to the unmet and complex needs of Alzheimer's patients can affect the quality of care. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain the perception of formal and informal caregivers of the unmet needs of Iranian Alzheimer's patients.Methods: The present qualitative study employed a Directed Content Analysis approach and was conducted in Iran in 2020. This research was done through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 19 qualified caregivers enrolled (11 informal caregivers and 8 formal caregivers) with the mean age of 46.05 ± 10.98 years in a purposive sampling method. Interviews continued until data saturation. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with data collection. After recording and transcribing, the data were analyzed using the Elo and Kyngas method based on the National Consensus Project framework (NCP). Data management was done with MAXQDA software. In order to achieve the accuracy and validity of the study, the criteria presented by Lincoln and Guba Credibility, Dependability, Confirmability, and Transformability were considered and used.Results: The mean age of participants was 46.05 ± 10.98. Participants in this study acknowledged that Alzheimer's patients need comprehensive needs management with a holistic approach to increase quality of life. This theme based on the NCP framework consists of seven main categories including “Structure and processes of care,” “Physical aspects of care,” “Psychological and psychiatric aspects of care,” “Social aspects of care,” “Cultural aspects of care,” “Care of the patient nearing the end of life,” and “Ethical and legal aspects of care” with 16 subcategories.Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a deep understanding of the unmet needs of Alzheimer's patients in Iran. Identifying the unmet needs of patients can pave the way for the treatment team to provide effective solutions to meet the needs and empower caregivers to provide comprehensive care for patients.

scholarly journals The upper middle income status of botswana vis a Vie gaberone’s non-governmental organisations’ access to international funding.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Zenzo Lusaba Dube ◽  
Gwendoline Vimbai Mandizvidza
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Income Status

The research evaluates if the classification of Botswana as an Upper Middle Income Country (UMIC) negates Gaborone’s Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) access to financial support from international development partners. The objectives were, to establish the extent to which the UMIC status of Botswana has affected NGO access to funding from international development partners, second, to establish what other factors and to what extent such factors influence accessibility of funding from international development partners, third, to establish the strategies engaged by NGOs which are still accessing funding from international development partners and, last, to proffer methodologies that could enhance access to funding from international development partners by Botswana NGOs. A case study research design was used. The research was qualitative and employed semi structured interviews and focus group discussions. A total of fifty six (56) respondents was realized, namely through the policy makers, senior government officials and administrators, NGOs and their umbrella bodies. The research established that Botswana’s UMIC status did not have a huge bearing on failure by some local NGOs in accessing financial support from international development partners. The research revealed that NGOs required more technical and strategic preparedness, a necessary pre requisite for funding.

How do activating interventions fit the personal needs, characteristics and preferences of people with dementia living in the community and their informal caregivers?

Dementia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Netta Van’t Leven ◽  
Jacomine de Lange ◽  
Anna-Eva Prick ◽  
Anne Margriet Pot
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Support Intervention ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Pleasant Events

Psychosocial interventions aim to mitigate the serious consequences of dementia for the daily life of people with dementia and their informal caregivers. To deliver a person-centred approach, it is crucial to take needs, characteristics and preferences of people with dementia and their informal caregivers into account. However, these factors are generally not systematically checked in order to determine which intervention will be most appropriate. Additionally, little is known about which intervention suits which needs, characteristics and preferences. Therefore, this study examined how three multiple-component, activating dyadic interventions fitted needs, characteristics, and preferences of both the people with dementia and their informal caregivers: the Pleasant Events Program, the Exercise and Support Intervention for People with Dementia and Their Caregivers, and Occupational Therapy. Semi-structured interviews were held with participants in either one of the interventions, 34 dyads and 19 professionals. The constant comparative method was used for the analysis. Five factors influenced the dyad’s ‘fit’: timing, need for activity, lifestyle, apart-or-together and meaning of (lost) activity. The factors ‘timing’ and a ‘need for activity’ were conditional for these activating interventions. Dyads in an early stage of dementia, who were aware of the effects on daily life, were open to a change in routine, and had a need to maintain activities profited from these interventions. Three distinctive factors were important for the fit of one of the three interventions in particular: ‘lifestyle’, ‘apart or together’ and ‘meaning of (lost) activity’. The Pleasant Events Programme and the Exercise and Support intervention properly addressed the need for activities that afforded daily pastimes or structure. The Exercise and Support Intervention addressed the need for physical activity and emphasized shared activity. Occupational Therapy properly addressed the need for self-sufficiency, maintaining activities and adjustment to physical limitations. These factors can contribute to a more person-centred application of the interventions.

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AMONGST WOMEN WITH DISABILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF MWENEZI DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Rugoho ◽  
France Maphosa
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Women With Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Disabled Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

This article is based on a study of gender-based violence against women with disabilities. The study sought to examine the factors that make such women vulnerable, to investigate the community’s responses to gender-based violence against women with disabilities, and to determine the impact of gender-based violence on the wellbeing and health of women with disabilities. The study adopted a qualitative research design so as to arrive at an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. The study sample consisted of 48 disabled women living in marital or common law unions, selected using purposive sampling. Of the 48 women in the sample, 16 were visually impaired while the remaining 32 had other physical disabilities. Focus group discussions were used for data collection. The data were analysed using the thematic approach. The finding was that women with disabilities also experience gender-based violence. The study makes recommendations whose thrust is to change community perceptions on disability as the only guarantee towards eradicating gender-based violence against women with disabilities.

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