Operational definitions of successful aging: a systematic review

ABSTRACTBackground:Half a century after the inception of the term “successful aging (SA),” a consensus definition has not emerged. The current study aims to provide a comprehensive snapshot of operational definitions of SA.Methods:A systematic review across MedLine, PsycInfo, CINAHL, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Knowledge of quantitative operational definitions of SA was conducted.Results:Of the 105 operational definitions, across 84 included studies using unique models, 92.4% (97) included physiological constructs (e.g. physical functioning), 49.5% (52) engagement constructs (e.g. involvement in voluntary work), 48.6% (51) well-being constructs (e.g. life satisfaction), 25.7% (27) personal resources (e.g. resilience), and 5.7% (6) extrinsic factors (e.g. finances). Thirty-four definitions consisted of a single construct, 28 of two constructs, 27 of three constructs, 13 of four constructs, and two of five constructs. The operational definitions utilized in the included studies identify between <1% and >90% of study participants as successfully aging.Conclusions:The heterogeneity of these results strongly suggests the multidimensionality of SA and the difficulty in categorizing usual versus successful aging. Although the majority of operationalizations reveal a biomedical focus, studies increasingly use psychosocial and lay components. Lack of consistency in the definition of SA is a fundamental weakness of SA research.

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The Impact of Social Support and Pregnancy on Subjective Well-Being: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.710858 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Buyantungalag Battulga ◽

Marc Reginald Benjamin ◽

Hong Chen ◽

Enkhmandakh Bat-Enkh

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Positive Association ◽

Well Being ◽

Protective Role ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Health Maintenance ◽

The Impact

Background: Subjective well-being (SWB) has a protective role in mental health maintenance and is prone to change during short stressful moments, such as pregnancy. Longstanding research suggests that social support (SS) from the partner and family members of pregnant women directly or indirectly acts as a buffer against negative mental outcomes. For happier pregnancies, it is important to understand how SS and pregnancy affect the SWB.Objective: This review aims to examine the extended association of being pregnant and SS on the SWB of pregnant women.Methods: A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Articles published in peer-reviewed journals were included regardless of the year and if they had assessed the impact of at least one SWB or SS outcome among healthy pregnant women. The tools of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute were used for quality assessment.Results: Thirty-four studies that assessed the domains of SWB measurements, such as happiness, quality of life (QoL), life satisfaction, positive and negative effects, and well-being, were included and its association with either pregnancy or SS was summarized. Variable results, such as life satisfaction, happiness, and mental component of QoL, were found to be high during pregnancy, but positive emotion and physical components of QoL had decreased. Almost universally, SS during pregnancy was found to have a positive association with all measurements of SWB.Conclusion: This study had found that, despite some arising trends, pregnancy itself does not necessarily have similar impacts on SWB across healthy pregnant women. However, SS had a significant effect on SWB.

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The Association between Internet Addiction and Psychosocial Variables

Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies - Psychological and Social Implications Surrounding Internet and Gaming Addiction ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8595-6.ch010 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 171-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bahadir Bozoglan ◽

Veysel Demirer

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Internet Use ◽

The Internet ◽

Psychosocial Variables ◽

Consensus Definition ◽

The Past ◽

Definition Of

The past decade has seen plenty of studies focusing on Internet use and Internet addiction. This is because the Internet provides information about variety of topics all over world and is easily accessed. Arguments concerning the association between excessive use and Internet addiction are ongoing. There is not yet a clear, consensus definition of Internet addiction. In this chapter, we discuss previous research and implications for future studies regarding Internet addiction and its most studied psychosocial variables: depression, loneliness, social anxiety, self-esteem, life satisfaction, and social support.

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Well-Being and Romantic Relationships: A Systematic Review in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16132415 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (13) ◽

pp. 2415 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mercedes Gómez-López ◽

Carmen Viejo ◽

Rosario Ortega-Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Romantic Relationships ◽

Emerging Adulthood ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

The Other ◽

The One ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Relationship

Adolescence and emerging adulthood are both stages in which romantic relationships play a key role in development and can be a source of both well-being and negative outcomes. However, the limited number of studies prior to adulthood, along with the multiplicity of variables involved in the romantic context and the considerable ambiguity surrounding the construct of well-being, make it difficult to reach conclusions about the relationship between the two phenomena. This systematic review synthesizes the results produced into this topic over the last three decades. A total of 112 studies were included, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. On the one hand, these works revealed the terminological heterogeneity in research on well-being and the way the absence of symptoms of illness are commonly used to measure it, while on the other hand, they also showed that romantic relationships can be an important source of well-being for both adolescents and emerging adults. The findings underline the importance of providing a better definition of well-being, as well as to attribute greater value to the significance of romantic relationships. Devoting greater empirical, educational, and community efforts to romantic development in the stages leading up to adulthood are considered necessary actions in promoting the well-being of young people.

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Living well with dementia: a systematic review and correlational meta-analysis of factors associated with quality of life, well-being and life satisfaction in people with dementia

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291718000405 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (13) ◽

pp. 2130-2139 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Anthony Martyr ◽

Sharon M. Nelis ◽

Catherine Quinn ◽

Yu-Tzu Wu ◽

Ruth A. Lamont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Social Engagement ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Living Well ◽

People With Dementia

AbstractCurrent policy emphasises the importance of ‘living well’ with dementia, but there has been no comprehensive synthesis of the factors related to quality of life (QoL), subjective well-being or life satisfaction in people with dementia. We examined the available evidence in a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched electronic databases until 7 January 2016 for observational studies investigating factors associated with QoL, well-being and life satisfaction in people with dementia. Articles had to provide quantitative data and include ⩾75% people with dementia of any type or severity. We included 198 QoL studies taken from 272 articles in the meta-analysis. The analysis focused on 43 factors with sufficient data, relating to 37639 people with dementia. Generally, these factors were significantly associated with QoL, but effect sizes were often small (0.1–0.29) or negligible (<0.09). Factors reflecting relationships, social engagement and functional ability were associated with better QoL. Factors indicative of poorer physical and mental health (including depression and other neuropsychiatric symptoms) and poorer carer well-being were associated with poorer QoL. Longitudinal evidence about predictors of QoL was limited. There was a considerable between-study heterogeneity. The pattern of numerous predominantly small associations with QoL suggests a need to reconsider approaches to understanding and assessing living well with dementia.

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Stroke secondary prevention, a non-surgical and non-pharmacological consensus definition: results of a Delphi study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4857-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maggie Lawrence ◽

Eric Asaba ◽

Elaine Duncan ◽

Marie Elf ◽

Gunilla Eriksson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Delphi Study ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Well Being ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Consensus Definition ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk ◽

Definition Of

Abstract Objective Evidence supporting lifestyle modification in vascular risk reduction is limited, drawn largely from primary prevention studies. To advance the evidence base for non-pharmacological and non-surgical stroke secondary prevention (SSP), empirical research is needed, informed by a consensus-derived definition of SSP. To date, no such definition has been published. We used Delphi methods to generate an evidence-based definition of non-pharmacological and non-surgical SSP. Results The 16 participants were members of INSsPiRE (International Network of Stroke Secondary Prevention Researchers), a multidisciplinary group of trialists, academics and clinicians. The Elicitation stage identified 49 key elements, grouped into 3 overarching domains: Risk factors, Education, and Theory before being subjected to iterative stages of elicitation, ranking, discussion, and anonymous voting. In the Action stage, following an experience-based engagement with key stakeholders, a consensus-derived definition, complementing current pharmacological and surgical SSP pathways, was finalised: Non-pharmacological and non-surgical stroke secondary prevention supports and improves long-term health and well-being in everyday life and reduces the risk of another stroke, by drawing from a spectrum of theoretically informed interventions and educational strategies. Interventions to self-manage modifiable lifestyle risk factors are contextualized and individualized to the capacities, needs, and personally meaningful priorities of individuals with stroke and their families.

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EFFECTS OF HAPPINESS TRAINING ON MENTAL HEALTH IN ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling ◽

10.35631/ijepc.638009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (38) ◽

pp. 93-109

Author(s):

Sonia Khodabakhsh

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Review Paper ◽

Well Being ◽

Research Articles

Past studies have shown mental health and happiness are associated with each other. Several studies were done on the effectiveness of happiness training in several aspects. In this review paper, the effect of happiness training on mental health among adults is systematically reviewed. Through a search in Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the “happiness training” keyword and its related words among post-2005 publications, the number of 18 research articles included in this review paper. Based on the systematic review, 18 variables in the selected studies are discussed which include anxiety, blood pressure, burnout, depression, emotions, flourishing, happiness, life expectancy, life satisfaction, migraine symptoms, mindfulness, quality of life, resilience, stress, tolerance, and well-being.

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Malnutrition assessment methods in adult patients with tuberculosis: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e049777

Author(s):

Lies ter Beek ◽

Mathieu S Bolhuis ◽

Harriët Jager-Wittenaar ◽

René X D Brijan ◽

Marieke G G Sturkenboom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Composition ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Assessment Methods ◽

International Consensus ◽

Consensus Definition ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Registration Number ◽

Definition Of

ObjectivesMalnutrition is associated with a twofold higher risk of dying in patients with tuberculosis (TB) and considered an important potentially reversible risk factor for failure of TB treatment. The construct of malnutrition has three domains: intake or uptake of nutrition; body composition and physical and cognitive function. The objectives of this systematic review are to identify malnutrition assessment methods, and to quantify how malnutrition assessment methods capture the international consensus definition for malnutrition, in patients with TB.DesignDifferent assessment methods were identified. We determined the extent of capturing of the three domains of malnutrition, that is, intake or uptake of nutrition, body composition and physical and cognitive function.ResultsSeventeen malnutrition assessment methods were identified in 69 included studies. In 53/69 (77%) of studies, body mass index was used as the only malnutrition assessment method. Three out of 69 studies (4%) used a method that captured all three domains of malnutrition.ConclusionsOur study focused on published articles. Implementation of new criteria takes time, which may take longer than the period covered by this review. Most patients with TB are assessed for only one aspect of the conceptual definition of malnutrition. The use of international consensus criteria is recommended to establish uniform diagnostics and treatment of malnutrition.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019122832.

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Development of a Comprehensive Chinese Successful Aging Scale: Incorporating the Viewpoints of Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 215-216

Author(s):

Edwin K H Chung ◽

Dannii Yeung

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Successful Aging ◽

Well Being ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Survey Study ◽

Age Related ◽

Initial Item ◽

Civic Awareness ◽

Definition Of ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Inspiring by Martinson and Berridge’s (2015) systematic review, the current definition of successful aging (SA) fails to acknowledge the laypeople’s conceptualization of SA. Adopting a mixed-method approach, two studies were conducted with the aim of soliciting older adults’ perceptions of SA and to develop a multidimensional instrument for assessing SA. Study 1 was a qualitative study and 27 community-dwelling older adults (Mage=68.07 years, SD=7.10, range=60–83; 56.3% females) were interviewed. Interview transcripts were analyzed, and seven themes were emerged. An initial item pool for the Successful Aging Scale (SAS) was then established based on these themes as well as those in the SA literature, such as acceptance and independence. Study 2 was a survey study which was conducted among 414 community-dwelling older adults (Mage=64.50 years, SD=4.01, range=60–82; 55.3% females) to identify optimal items for constitution of the SAS. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 12-factor solution, accounting for 62% of the variance. The 12 factors are adequate health, perceived constraints, flexible attitudes toward life, acceptance of age-related change, life embracement, active engagement, harmonious family, supportive friendship, civic awareness, social contribution, living independently, and adaptive coping strategies. The 12 factors exhibit similar strength of associations with most of the well-being measures, but certain factors show stronger correlation with depressive symptoms and social relationship, suggesting the uniqueness of each factor. Overall, the SAS demonstrates promising psychometric properties. These findings disclose that the older adults’ perceptions of SA could cover broader dimensions than those in Rowe and Kahn’s model (1997).

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