Are the children and adolescents with congenital heart disease living in Southwestern Ontario really overweight and obese?

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Welisch ◽  
Ralf Rauch ◽  
Jamie A. Seabrook ◽  
MA Guido Filler ◽  
Kambiz Norozi
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children with congenital heart disease and compare them with age-matched healthy children in Southwestern Ontario, Canada.MethodsWe compared the Center of Disease Control weight and body mass index z-scores of 1080 children, aged 2 to 18 years, who presented to our paediatric cardiology outpatient clinic from 2008 to 2010 for congenital heart disease with 1083 healthy controls.ResultsIn all, 18.2% of the children with congenital heart disease and 20.8% of healthy children were identified to be either overweight or obese. Overall, the weight category distribution had been similar between the congenital heart disease and healthy control groups, as well as between the congenital heart disease subgroups. There was no difference in normal weight and overweight/obese categories between children with congenital heart disease and healthy children. The underweight category, however, showed a significantly higher prevalence in congenital heart disease compared with healthy children (6.8 and 4.5%, respectively, p = 0.03).ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight/obesity did not differ in children with congenital heart disease compared with age-matched healthy children; however, it is still high (18.2%). Obesity may represent an additional risk factor for the long-term cardiovascular health of congenital heart disease patients aside from the underlying heart defect.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and associated factors among children with congenital heart disease in selected governmental hospitals and cardiac center,Addis Ababa Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rediet Woldesenbet ◽  
Rajalakshmi Murugan ◽  
Feven Mulugeta ◽  
Tamirat Moges
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Cardiac Center

Abstract Background Children with congenital heart disease are at risk for poor growth and under-nutrition compared with healthy children. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of children with congenital heart disease and associated factors in selected governmental hospitals and cardiac center Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method Institutional based cross sectional study among 373 children aged under15 years was conducted from February to March; 2021G.c. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and chart review. Z-scores based on WHO reference ranges were used. Anthropometric z-scores based on WHO 2007 reference ranges were generated for each child. Weight-for-age z-scores for children 0–10 years and height-for-age and BMI-for-age z-scores for all children. Binary logistic regression was used for associated factors. Result A total of 373 children were participated in this study. The prevalence of wasting and stunting was 144(38.6%) and 134(35.9%) respectively. The prevalence of underweight and malnutrition in children under 10 years was 143(43.1%). Most of the children were diagnosed with VSD (36.7%). Children age group of 13 months-5 years were associated with wasting and underweight [AOR = 0.434, 95%CI: (0.231, 0.816)] and [AOR = 0.360, 95%CI: (0.183, 0.711)] respectively. Children diagnosed with PAH were 1.885 times more likely to be underweight [AOR = 1.885, 95%CI: (1.094, 3.246)]. When the hemoglobin level increases by every unit per g/dl the chance to be wasting and underweight decreases by 13.1 and 18.6%[AOR = 0.869, 95%CI: (0.792, 0.955)] and [AOR = 0.869, 95%CI: (0.792, 0.955)] respectively. The level of SPO2 is associated with stunting and underweight [AOR = 0.970, 95%CI: (0.943, 0.998)] and [AOR = 0.970, 95%CI: (0.943, 0.998)] respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition in children with CHD is pretty high. Decreased level of hemoglobin and SPO2 was found to be associated factors for malnutrition in this case. There need to be a new strategy about including different health professional while care giving.

Enteral Nutrition in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease and Growth Failure

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Steven M. Schwarz ◽  
Michael H. Gewitz ◽  
Cynthia C. See ◽  
Stuart Berezin ◽  
Mark S. Glassman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Calorie Density ◽  
Group 1

To determine an effective nutritional regimen for management of growth failure in infants with congenital heart disease and congestive heart failure, the authors studied 19 infants with cardiac anomalies who were not candidates for early corrective surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three feeding groups: group 1 (n = 7) received continuous, 24-hour nasogastric alimentation; group 2 (n = 5) received overnight, 12-hour nasogastric infusions plus daytime oral feedings as tolerated; and group 3 (n = 7) received oral feedings alone. For all patients, commercial infant formula (cow's milk or soy protein) was supplemented to a calorie density of approximately 1 kcal/mL. During a 5.25 ± 0.45 month study period, only group 1 infants achieved intakes > 140 kcal/kg per day (mean = 147 kcal). Serial anthropometric measurements demonstrated that only 24-hour infusions (group 1) were associated with significantly improved nutritional status, when assessed by z scores for weight (P < .01) and length (P < .05). Group 1 infants also showed marked increases in midarm muscle circumference and triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses (P < .01, compared with groups 2 and 3). These data suggest that infants with congenital cardiac defects complicated by malnutrition manifest increased nutrient requirements for growth and weight gain. Continuous, 24-hour, nasogastric alimentation is a safe and effective method for achieving both increased nutrient intake and improved overall nutritional status in these infants.

scholarly journals Quality of life in children with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Sindy Atmadja ◽  
Tina Christina Tobing ◽  
Rita Evalina ◽  
Sri Sofyani ◽  
Muhammad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Social Emotional

Background Major achievements in congenital heart disease (CHD) treatment over the past 20 years have altered the course and prognosis of CHD. Improvement of quality of life (QoL) is now a major goal of CHD treatment.Objective To assess the QoL in children after cardiac surgery for CHD.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in children aged 2 to 18 years. The case group had 20 children with a history of corrective heart surgery in the 12 months prior to the study. The control group had 20 healthy children, age-matched  to the case group. The QoL of both groups was assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scales. The same post-operative children were also assessed with the PedsQL Cardiac Module. Data were analyzed using T-test with P < 0.05 as the level of significance.Results This study recruited 40 subjects: 20 post-operative and 20 healthy children. PedsQL Generic Core Scales assessment showed significant differences between groups in the physical function parameter of QoL (P<0.05) in children aged 13-18 years, but there were no significant differences in the social, emotional, and school function parameters. In children aged 2-12 years, there were no significant differences in physical, social, emotional, or school parameters. The PedsQL Cardiac Module assessment revealed that 35% of post-operative children was at risk for physical appearance problems, 80% was at risk for anxiety problems, 40% was at risk for cognitive problems, and 80% was at risk for communication problems.Conclusion Thirteen to 18-year-old children with non complex CHD have poorer physical function than healthy children. Post operative children are at risk for physical appearance, anxiety, cognitive, and communication problems.

Abstract 16738: Association Between First and Second Trimester Maternal Screening Biochemistry, Ultrasound, and Fetal Brain Growth in Presence of Fetal or Maternal Congenital Heart Disease

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Sharma ◽  
Emma Lewis ◽  
Gabrielle Gray ◽  
Jennifer R Maldonado ◽  
Diana L Knoedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Nuchal Translucency ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Introduction: Newer research has highlighted significant neurological impairments in children and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). The more severe the heart defect, the higher the neurologic impairment. Pregnancies complicated by fetal or maternal CHD carry a higher risk of placental abnormalities. We studied the association between pregnancy hormonal levels and fetal head and body growth. Hypothesis: Placental dysfunction in pregnancies with fetal or maternal CHD alters pregnancy hormonal levels affecting fetal brain and somatic growth. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study on pregnant women (year 2010-2019) at the University of Iowa. Only women with first and/or second trimester prenatal screening (ultrasound and blood test) were included. Pregnancies with fetal chromosomal abnormalities, multiple gestation, maternal diabetes, smoking, or hypertension were excluded. Pregnancies were either healthy controls (n=36), women with CHD (MCHD; n=26), or fetus with CHD (FCHD; n=23). Pregnancy hormonal levels, ultrasound findings, and fetal/neonatal growth percentiles and/or z-scores data were analyzed. Results: Women with CHD were younger (p=0.004) with increased fetal nuchal translucency (p=0.003) compared to controls. Women in MCHD (p=0.02) and FCHD (p=0.02) group delivered earlier than controls. FCHD had significantly lower pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) levels than controls (p=0.04). The groups had no difference in the second trimester fetal head circumference (HC) and femur length. FCHD group had significantly smaller HC percentile (p=0.03) and z-scores (p=0.03) at birth than controls. Both FCHD and MCHD had smaller birth weight and length compared to controls. However, only FCHD group demonstrated significantly lower HC to birth weight ratio (p=0.01). The controls had a positive correlation between human chorionic gonadotropin level and head circumference z-score at birth (r=0.34;p=0.053). Conclusions: Pregnant women with CHD have increased fetal nuchal translucency and deliver at earlier gestational age. Women with fetal CHD have smaller neonatal head and body size at birth with associated low PAPP-A level early in their pregnancy probably related to placental dysfunction.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients: A Focus on CHD Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana O. Zareef ◽  
Nour K. Younis ◽  
Fadi Bitar ◽  
Ali H. Eid ◽  
Mariam Arabi
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Global Pandemic

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. As of the 30th of September 2020, around 34,000,000 cases have been reported globally. Pediatrics with underlying congenital heart disease represent a small yet a critical proportion of these patients. In general, the majority of infected children experience mild to moderate disease with significant interindividual variability in laboratory and radiographic findings. Nevertheless, in healthy children with COVID-19, cardiac involvement has been documented and is attributed to various causes. Myocarditis, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and serious multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children are all encountered. Since COVID-19 is a recent novel disease and based on previous experience with respiratory infections, children with underlying congenital heart disease should be given special attention. To date, little data is available about COVID-19 presentation, complications, and appropriate treatment in this population. However, variable and inconsistent disease presentation and severity have been observed. This paper discusses COVID-19 course of illness in pediatric population with a special emphasis on the cardiac manifestations of the disease in healthy population and also on the disease course in congenital heart disease patients in particular.

Does obesity affect the short-term outcomes after cardiothoracic surgery in adolescents with congenital heart disease?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard U. Garcia ◽  
Preetha L. Balakrishnan ◽  
Sanjeev Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:Obesity is a modifiable, independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity after cardiovascular surgery in adults. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of obesity on short-term outcomes in adolescents undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods:This retrospective chart review included patients 10–18 years of age who underwent CHD surgery. Our exclusion criteria were patients with a known genetic syndrome, heart transplantation, and patients with incomplete medical records. The clinical data collected included baseline demographics and multiple perioperative variables. Charting the body mass index in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth curves, the entire cohort was divided into three categories: obese (>95th percentile), overweight (85th–95th percentile), and normal weight (<85th percentile). The composite outcome included survival, arrhythmias, surgical wound infection, acute neurologic injury, and acute kidney injury.Results:The study cohort (n = 149) had a mean standard deviation (SD), body mass index (BMI) of 22.6 ± 6.5 g/m2, and 65% were male. There were 27 obese (18.1%), 24 overweight (16.1%), and 98 normal weight (65.8%) patients. Twenty-seven (18%) patients had composite adverse outcomes. Overweight and obese patients had significantly higher adverse outcomes compared with normal weight patients (odds ratio (OR): 2.9; confidence interval (CI): 1–8.5, p = 0.04 and OR: 3; CI: 1–8.5, p = 0.03, respectively). In multivariate analysis, obesity was an independent predictor of adverse outcome in our cohort (p = 0.04).Conclusions:Obesity is associated with short-term adverse outcome and increased health resource utilisation in adolescents following surgery for CHD. Further studies should evaluate if intervention in the preoperative period can improve outcomes in this population.

Long-Term Nationwide Follow-Up Study of Simple Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosed in Otherwise Healthy Children

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Videbæk ◽  
Henning Bækgaard Laursen ◽  
Morten Olsen ◽  
Dan Eik Høfsten ◽  
Søren Paaske Johnsen
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Follow Up Study
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