ON THE NOTION OF PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY CAUSES: THE LEGACY OF RICARDO

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Marcuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Common Language ◽  
John Maynard Keynes ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Common ◽  
David Ricardo ◽  
The Way

This paper considers the distinction made by David Ricardo between “permanent” and “temporary” causes, which he sometimes refers to also as “stable” and “accidental” causes (seeThe Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo [hereinafter Works]I: 86, 88, 92; VI: 154), to derive implications useful to distinguish his approach from subsequent developments of the notions of short-period and long-period equilibrium. In particular, I trace the change of focus in the concept of “permanent” forces brought about by Alfred Marshall—from whose insights Alfred Kahn and John Maynard Keynes drew inspiration for their short-period analysis—which paved the way to fundamental changes in the method and theory.It is argued that Ricardo’s distinction maintains an heuristic value, in particular vis-à-vis the distinction between short and long period, which is part of the common language in standard economics.

Voices of Spectators and Audience Power

Pólemos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Biet
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dramatic Action ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Voice ◽  
The Way

AbstractTheatre and law are not so different. Generally, researchers work on the art of theatre, the rhetoric of the actors, or the dramaturgy built from law cases or from the questions that the law does not completely resolve. Trials, tragedies, even comedies are close: everybody can see the interpenetration of them on stage and in the courts. We know that, and we know that the dramas are made with/from/of law, we know that the art the actors are developing is not so far from the art of the lawyers, and conversely. In this paper, I would like to have a look at the action of the audience, at the session itself and at the way the spectators are here to evaluate and judge not only the dramatic action, not only the art of the actors, not only the text of the author, but also the other spectators, and themselves too. In particular, I will focus on the “common judgment” of the audience and on its judicial, aesthetic and social relationship. The spectators have been undisciplined, noisy, unruled, during such a long period that theatre still retains some prints of this behaviour, even if nowadays, the social and aesthetic rule is to be silent. But uncertainty, inattention, distraction, contradiction, heterogeneity are the notions which characterise the session, and the judgments of the spectators still depend on them. So, what was and what is the voice of the audience? And with what sort of voice do spectators give their judgments?

Genres in Motion

PMLA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1389-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Owen
Keyword(s):  
Common Language ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Realist Novel ◽  
Prose Romance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Order ◽  
The Way

When we interrogate a concept like genre, there are advantages to beginning with the way we use the word in the common language. In reading a text, we “identify” or “recognize” a genre. If we attempt to define or describe a genre as such, we are engaging in an entirely different order of activity, one remarkably close to legislation or border control. To identify something assumes a paradigm with a limited set of choices. We may identify a given text differently as a “novel,” a “realist novel,” a “pastoral”; we may debate whether a work is a “novel” or a “prose romance”; but in each case we presume sets of categories on various levels of specificity, whether we deploy particular categories to confirm or surprise common expectations in our identification.

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture on Efficacy of Selected Insecticide Dusts Against the Common Bed Bug, Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1933-1939
Author(s):  
Sabita Ranabhat ◽  
Changlu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Cimex Lectularius ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Bed Bug ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

Abstract Insecticide dust formulations are considered as more effective for controlling the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius (L) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), than residual sprays. Various environmental factors may affect the efficacy of insecticide dusts. In this study, we evaluated the effect of moisture on the efficacy of three insecticide dusts against C. lectularius. Moisture was created using two methods: applying steam to insecticide dust-treated tiles and aging insecticide dust-treated tiles in chambers with various levels of relative humidity (RH). In the steam treatment, three insecticides including Cimexa (92.1% amorphous silica gel), Alpine (0.25% dinotefuran, 95% diatomaceous earth), and Tempo (1% cyfluthrin) were evaluated. Exposure to steam significantly reduced the efficacy of all three insecticide dusts. Among the three insecticides, the efficacy of Cimexa was significantly higher than Alpine and Tempo. In the different RH treatments, Cimexa treated tiles that were aged under different (52, 75, and 100%) RH conditions for 1 and 2 mo caused significantly lower mortality to C. lectularius than nonaged Cimexa. We conclude that both, a short period of exposure to steam and long-period aging in a moist environment, can significantly reduce the efficacy of insecticide dusts. Moisture needs to be considered when applying insecticide dusts for controlling bed bug infestations.

scholarly journals Seismology of the Oso-Steelhead landslide

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 7309-7327 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hibert ◽  
C. P. Stark ◽  
G. Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Seismic Signals ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Landslide Volume ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Seismic Records

Abstract. We carry out a combined analysis of the short- and long-period seismic signals generated by the devastating Oso-Steelhead landslide that occurred on 22 March 2014. The seismic records show that the Oso-Steelhead landslide was not a single slope failure, but a succession of multiple failures distinguished by two major collapses that occurred approximately three minutes apart. The first generated long-period surface waves that were recorded at several proximal stations. We invert these long-period signals for the forces acting at the source, and obtain estimates of the first failure runout and kinematics, as well as its mass after calibration against the mass-center displacement estimated from remote-sensing imagery. Short-period analysis of both events suggests that the source dynamics of the second are more complex than the first. No distinct long-period surface waves were recorded for the second failure, which prevents inversion for its source parameters. However, by comparing the seismic energy of the short-period waves generated by both events we are able to estimate the volume of the second. Our analysis suggests that the volume of the second failure is about 15–30% of the total landslide volume, which is in agreement with ground observations.

Interpreting during the Cold War era in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-440
Author(s):  
Özüm Arzık-Erzurumlu
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Common Language ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cold War Era ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

Abstract This article examines the way the Cold War shaped the field of interpreting in Turkey. Turkey became part of the anti-communist bloc, and one outcome of this Turkish-American partnership was the influence that a constellation of American and Turkish organizations exerted on the nascent field of interpreting. Through open-ended interviews with selected interpreters, the article seeks to shed light on the way the Cold War impacted the practice of interpreting. By drawing on Lewin’s (1947) concept of gatekeeping, it is suggested that the US-led anti-communist campaign of the Cold War affected the topics that were interpreted, the common language pairs, and interpreters’ lexical choices. The Cold War, thus, became a “gate” through which the interpreted topics, languages, lexical choices, and even the interpreters – all of which were instruments of the regime – had to pass through.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Oso-Steelhead landslide from broadband seismic analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hibert ◽  
C. P. Stark ◽  
G. Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Landslide Volume ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Seismic Records

Abstract. We carry out a combined analysis of the short- and long-period seismic signals generated by the devastating Oso-Steelhead landslide that occurred on 22 March 2014. The seismic records show that the Oso-Steelhead landslide was not a single slope failure, but a succession of multiple failures distinguished by two major collapses that occurred approximately 3 min apart. The first generated long-period surface waves that were recorded at several proximal stations. We invert these long-period signals for the forces acting at the source, and obtain estimates of the first failure runout and kinematics, as well as its mass after calibration against the mass-centre displacement estimated from remote-sensing imagery. Short-period analysis of both events suggests that the source dynamics of the second event is more complex than the first. No distinct long-period surface waves were recorded for the second failure, which prevents inversion for its source parameters. However, by comparing the seismic energy of the short-period waves generated by both events we are able to estimate the volume of the second. Our analysis suggests that the volume of the second failure is about 15–30% of the total landslide volume, giving a total volume mobilized by the two events between 7 × 106 and 10 × 106 m3, in agreement with estimates from ground observations and lidar mapping.

Discussion following the presentation by F. Deubner

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Keyword(s):  
List Type ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Harmonic Motion ◽  
Locally Excited ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Coherent Wave ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Global Modes

The discussion was separated into 3 different topics according to the separation made by the reviewer between the different periods of waves observed in the sun :1) global modes (long period oscillations) with predominantly radial harmonic motion.2) modes with large coherent - wave systems but not necessarily global excitation (300 s oscillation).3) locally excited - short period waves.

Speeding-Up Innovation with Business Hackathons

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrna FLORES ◽  
Matic GOLOB ◽  
Doroteja MAKLIN ◽  
Christopher TUCCI
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Short Period ◽  
User Centric ◽  
Specific Challenge ◽  
Innovation Outcomes ◽  
The Way

In recent years, the way organizations innovate and develop new solutions has changed considerably. Moving from ‘behind the closed doors’ style of innovating to open innovation where collaboration with outsiders is encouraged, organizations are in the pursuit of more effective ways to accelerate their innovation outcomes. As a result, organizations are establishing creative and entrepreneurial ecosystems, which not only empower employees but also involve many others to co-create new solutions. In this paper, we present a methodology for organizing hackathons, i.e. competition-based events where small teams work over a short period of time to ideate, design, prototype and test their ideas following a user-centric approach to solve a specific challenge. This paper also provides insights into two different hackathons organized in the United Kingdom, and Mexico, as well as a series of 5 hackathons organized in Argentina, Mexico, Switzerland, United Kingdom and in Senegal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document