Towards a Culture of Creativity: Reflections on Europe’s Strive for Excellence in Research and Innovation

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Krull
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Science Base ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Eu

In recent years, the notion of ‘excellence’ and its interconnectedness with research, development and innovations has become extremely popular across Europe. At regional and national as well as at the EU level, various initiatives have been taken to strengthen the science base, and to establish centres, or clusters of outstanding achievements. Researchers, universities, and funding agencies will have to work their way towards a culture of creativity, which needs a leap of faith based on the high-trust principles of governance and accountability, and which provides more space for risk-taking and thorough rethinking of common wisdom in order to achieve real breakthroughs at the frontiers of knowledge.

scholarly journals Regionální nástroje na podporu výzkumu, vývoje a inovací – porovnání situace v Česku s příklady dobré praxe ze zemí EU / Regional measures supporting research, development and innovation – comparison of the situation in Czechia with best practices in the EU countries

Ergo ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Excellent Research ◽  
The Eu

The article describes the types of regional measures supporting research, development and innovation in Czechia in the context of the typology of regional support measures in the EU countries, based on the Regional Innovation Monitor Plus project. It also presents best practices from European regions, selected according to positive experience with application of the measures at the regional level and the results achieved. In terms of realisation of own research and innovation strategies, Czech regions are limited by strong dependency on support measures implemented from national and European level. Nevertheless, this dependency is typical also for regions in the remaining new member states. Another problem is the low level of cooperation between academic and business sector - in terms of both financial and knowledge flows. This does not allow to fully utilise the potential of territorial proximity within the regions, where innovative companies and excellent research teams can be often found side by side. Appropriate and well-considered application of foreign best practice measures and models (or their elements) of research & innovation support can help to mitigate problems of a concrete region. Furthermore, it has relevance for the development of strategic approaches to regional policy which consider possible cuts in European funding in a long-term horizon.

Innovation Management In The Knowledge-Based Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Ioan Moise Achim ◽  
Teodora Popescu ◽  
Manuella Kadar
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Global Level ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Innovation Policies

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to offer an insight into innovation management in the knowledge-based society. It sets off by explaining the concept of knowledge-based society and why it bears relevance for the modern world. Next, innovation and related concepts are introduced. Furthermore, a presentation of National Innovation Systems (NIS) is made, their history and role in the understanding of a systemic approach to research, development and innovation at both national and global level. Next, the OECD main guidelines for the elaboration of national innovation policies are presented. Last but not least, an analysis of the current situation of research and innovation in Romania is also included.

scholarly journals Research Choices: Time for Europe to Decide

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Denis Horgan ◽  
Torsten Harfelach ◽  
Gennaro Ciliberto
Keyword(s):  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Research Choices ◽  
The Eu

Taking real advantage of Europe's excellence in research to improve citizens' lives presents challenges that Europe's policymakers have not yet fully met. The EU has shown some clarity of assessment in recognising the needs, and some laudable determination to improve the situation, and it has intermittently taken some real steps to deliver on its ambitions to turn its research into valuable innovations. But Europe still faces harsh choices about whether it is actually going to do what it has so often discussed. The EU has to make some firm decisions about what research deserves support - and where. It must turn words into deeds to promote effective links between research and innovation. That requires a sharper focus on developing and retaining the right skill sets in Europe, on funding innovation, on creating an encouraging regulatory environment, and on building greater public understanding and engagement. Here, among other issues, the authors discuss where resources should be deployed, how to maximise the potential of personalised medicine, the time it takes for search to be turned into products ready for market, education, and the EU's regulatory role.

The Challenge of Funding Interdisciplinary Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas König ◽  
Michael E. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Us ◽  
National Science ◽  
The One ◽  
The Eu

Public research funding agencies today are required to address proactively interdisciplinary research. “The Challenge of Funding Interdisciplinary Research: A Look Inside Public Research Funding Agencies” looks specifically at two funding agencies—the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and the EU European Research Council (ERC)—and how these bodies promote interdisciplinarity, on the one hand, and how they claim to identify it, on the other. Inevitably, this gives the funding agencies some definition power over what interdisciplinary research actually is or should be. At the same time, there are organizational constraints that restrict the funding agencies’ capacity to fully embrace novel ways of interdisciplinary collaboration and investigation.

The European Union and Israel since Oslo

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry van Bommel
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Peace Initiatives ◽  
The Eu

This chapter discusses the strengthening of ties between the EU and Israel during the breakdown of Oslo as well as during other fruitless peace initiatives. Shortly after the Oslo process began, the EU and Israel initiated negotiations on broadening their cooperation. This led to the signing of the EU–Israel Association Agreement in 1995. As well as economic cooperation, which was established as early as 1975 in a cooperation agreement, this new treaty included other areas, such as scientific and technical research. In more recent years the relationship between the EU and Israel has been deepened further. In 2014 the EU and Israel signed the Horizon 2020 scientific cooperation agreement, which gives Israel equal access with EU member states to the largest-ever EU research and innovation program. In itself, there is nothing wrong with the deepening of economic, scientific, cultural, and political relations between countries. However, the deepening of relations between the EU and Israel means indirect support for the Israeli occupation and the policy of expanding the settlements.

scholarly journals Evaluating the implications of Brexit for research collaboration and policy: a network analysis and simulation study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e025025
Author(s):  
George Garas ◽  
Isabella Cingolani ◽  
Vanash M Patel ◽  
Pietro Panzarasa ◽  
Ara Darzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Strategic Relationships ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of the European Union (EU) as a research collaborator in the UK’s success as a global leader in healthcare research and innovation and quantify the impact that Brexit may have.DesignNetwork and regression analysis of scientific collaboration, followed by simulation models based on alternative scenarios.SettingInternational real-world collaboration network among all countries involved in robotic surgical research and innovation.Participants772 organisations from industry and academia nested within 56 countries and connected through 2397 collaboration links.Main outcome measuresResearch impact measured through citations and innovation value measured through the innovation index.ResultsGlobally, the UK ranks third in robotic surgical innovation, and the EU constitutes its prime collaborator. Brokerage opportunities and collaborators’ geographical diversity are associated with a country’s research impact (c=211.320 and 244.527, respectively; p<0·01) and innovation (c=18.819 and 30.850, respectively; p<0·01). Replacing EU collaborators with US ones is the only strategy that could benefit the UK, but on the condition that US collaborators are chosen among the top-performing ones, which is likely to be very difficult and costly, at least in the short term.ConclusionsThis study suggests what has long been argued, namely that the UK-EU research partnership has been mutually beneficial and that its continuation represents the best possible outcome for both negotiating parties. However, the uncertainties raised by Brexit necessitate looking beyond the EU for potential research partners. In the short term, the UK’s best strategy might be to try and maintain its academic links with the EU. In the longer term, strategic relationships with research powerhouses, including the USA, China and India, are likely to be crucial for the UK to remain a global innovation leader.

Policies to Promote Research and Innovation in Developing Countries’ Universities: The Case of Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarintip Tantanee ◽  
Phisut Apichayakul ◽  
Panu Buranajarukorn ◽  
Liwa Pardthaisong ◽  
Chanida Suwanprasit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Research Grants ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
New Knowledge

Research and Innovation (R&I) has played an important role in constructing new knowledge in higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide. There are both enabler and barrier factors on R&I capabilities in HEIs; therefore, this paper aims to investigate the importance, current contexts and gaps in R&I capacity building of Thai HEIs and the possibilities for improvement. Thirteen policymakers from HEI’s Authorities and Research Funding Agencies were interviewed in-depth. In addition, an online survey has been conducted with 172 university academic staff, who have been involved in R&I. The results show that the majority of respondents agree that R&I is very important; however, these activities have not been clearly supported by national policies. From the suggestions for improvement, the whole R&I supporting system, from the national to the HEIs levels, should be developed and improved through policy, skill acquisition and job opportunities, research grants and enhancing national and international collaborations.

scholarly journals Space Arms Control:Lex Lataand Currently Active Proposals

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyuan SU
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Research Development ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Space Weapons ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe inadequacy of existing international law in the prevention of an arms race in outer space leaves uncertainties to international peace and security. The resurgence of aggressive space programmes in the new millennium has intensified concerns over the possible degradation of outer space into an area of conflicts, prompting various initiatives aimed to fill this loophole. The year 2014 witnessed the release of the revised draft PPWT proposed by China and Russia at the CD, the fifth public edition of the ICoC promoted by the EU, and the adoption of the Resolution on “No first placement of weapons in outer space” in the General Assembly. This paper attempts to make a comparison between the three initiatives in terms of their postulated primary-level obligations, namely to what extent space weapons are prohibited on the chain of “research, development, testing, placement and use”, and the verification of compliance with these obligations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Banking Sector Competition on Banks’ Risk-Taking in Transition Economies of Central and South-Eastern Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Arben Mustafa ◽  
Valentin Toçi
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This paper uses the Panzar-Rosse H-statistic to provide empirical evidence on the impact of competitive behaviour of banks on risk-taking, using the Fixed Effects Vector Decomposition Method on panel data of banks in 15 Central and South-Eastern Europe countries during the period 1999-2009. The findings suggest that banking sector competition has had a negative impact on banks’ risk-taking implying that competition contributed to the improvement of the loan-portfolio quality. However, the results differ significantly when distinguishing between the EU and non-EU countries of the CESEE region. While for the EU countries the relationship between banking sector competition and risk-taking remains negative, this relationship is positive for the non-EU countries of the region, suggesting that an increase of competition in the non-EU countries may be detrimental for the stability of the banking sector in these countries. These results are robust to different model specifications and measures of competition

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