scholarly journals Regionální nástroje na podporu výzkumu, vývoje a inovací – porovnání situace v Česku s příklady dobré praxe ze zemí EU / Regional measures supporting research, development and innovation – comparison of the situation in Czechia with best practices in the EU countries

Ergo ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Excellent Research ◽  
The Eu

The article describes the types of regional measures supporting research, development and innovation in Czechia in the context of the typology of regional support measures in the EU countries, based on the Regional Innovation Monitor Plus project. It also presents best practices from European regions, selected according to positive experience with application of the measures at the regional level and the results achieved. In terms of realisation of own research and innovation strategies, Czech regions are limited by strong dependency on support measures implemented from national and European level. Nevertheless, this dependency is typical also for regions in the remaining new member states. Another problem is the low level of cooperation between academic and business sector - in terms of both financial and knowledge flows. This does not allow to fully utilise the potential of territorial proximity within the regions, where innovative companies and excellent research teams can be often found side by side. Appropriate and well-considered application of foreign best practice measures and models (or their elements) of research & innovation support can help to mitigate problems of a concrete region. Furthermore, it has relevance for the development of strategic approaches to regional policy which consider possible cuts in European funding in a long-term horizon.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Dependence of GHG Emissions on the Support and Taxes in the EU Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7650
Author(s):  
Astrida Miceikienė ◽  
Kristina Gesevičienė ◽  
Daiva Rimkuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Environmental Support ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Eu

The reduction of GHG emissions is one of the priorities of the EU countries. The majority of studies show that financial support and environmental taxes are one of the most effective measures for the mitigation of the negative consequences of climate change. The EU countries employ different environmental support measures and environmental taxes to reduce GHG emissions. There is a shortage of new studies on these measures. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of the environmental support measures of the EU countries with the effectiveness of environmental taxes in relation to the reduction of GHG emissions. This study is characterized by the broad scope of its data analysis and its systematic approach to the EU’s environmental policy measures. An empirical study was performed for the EU countries with the aim of addressing this research problem and substantiating theoretical insights. A total of 27 EU member states from 2009 to 2018 were selected as research samples. The research is based on a cause-and-effect relationship, where the factors affecting environmental pollution (environmental taxes and subsidies) are the cause, and GHG emissions are the effect. Statistical research methods were used in the empirical study: descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), simple regression and cluster analysis. The results show that the older member countries of the EU, which had directed the financial measures of environmental policy towards a reduction in energy consumption, managed to achieve a greater reduction in GHG emissions compared to the countries which had not applied those measures. The Central and Eastern European countries are characterized by lower environmental taxes and lower expenditure allocated to environmental protection. The countries with a higher GDP per capita have greater GHG emissions that the countries with lower GDP per capita. This is associated with greater consumption, waste, and energy consumption. The study conducted gives rise to a discussion regarding data sufficiency in the assessment and forecasting of GHG emissions and their environmental consequences.

scholarly journals Politician2.0 on Facebook: Information Behavior and Dissemination on Social Networking Sites – Gaps and Best-Practice. Evaluation Results of a novel eParticipation toolbox to let politicians engage with citizens online.

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Wandhoefer ◽  
Mark Thamm ◽  
Somya Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Information Behavior ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Network Usage ◽  
The Web ◽  
The Eu

This article covers our findings on information behavior and dissemination of parliamentary decision-makers in terms of using Social Networking Sites like Facebook. The article investigates why politicians use those technologies and integrate them more and more in their everyday workflow. In addition to the purpose of social network usage, the focus of our paper is also on best practices and how to deal with challenges like authenticity of politicians’ online profiles. The results presented within the remit of this paper are the outcome of 16 semi-structured interviews that took place as part of an evaluation effort within the EU research project WeGov [1]. The overall aim of the project is to develop a toolbox that enriches the dialogue between citizens and politicians on the web.

scholarly journals The Role of Open Innovation, and the Performance of European Union Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
João M. Lopes ◽  
Sofia Gomes ◽  
José Oliveira ◽  
Márcio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovative Performance ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Method ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
The Eu

This research aims to detect the factors that best explain the performance of regional innovation in the European Union (EU), in the year 2019, and compare the obtained results with the factors used to elucidate the performance of regional innovation in the EU during the year 2016. This comparison allowed us to identify the variations that have occurred during these 3 years. The methodology used is quantitative and served to identify the factors that clarify the performance of regional innovation in the EU in 2019. The data collected was treated in the econometric software Eviews10. Estimations used a multiple linear regression method. The attained results show that with the implementation of the Research and Innovation Strategy for Smart Specialization (RIS3), the Leader and Strong Regions benefited from its implementation. On the other hand, Moderate and Modest Regions failed to improve their innovative performance with the implementation of RIS3. On the practical contributions, it provides suggestions to the actors of the triple helix (Academy–Government–Industry) to improve the performance of innovation. Furthermore, it contributes to the theory by updating the knowledge of the existing literature with new dimensions from the 2019 RIS database. This research is original as it allows to appraise the evolution of the open innovative performance of the regions, by using comparative data from 2019 and 2016.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF BEST PRACTICIES OF BIOFUEL MARKET OPERATION IN THE EU COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Geletukha ◽  
T. A. Zheliezna ◽  
A. I. Bashtovyi ◽  
G. I. Geletukha
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Operation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Eu

Key figures on the development of bioenergy in Europe and in the world are presented. Best practices of biofuel market operation in the EU countries are analyzed. Conception for the creation of biomass logistic and trade centers is described.

Smart specialisation as a new concept of the EU regional innovation policy

Ergo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Vladislav Čadil
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
The Eu

Smart specialisation is a main pillar of the Europe 2020 strategy, which creates the basic strategic framework for individual EU policies including the cohesion policy and the research, development and innovation policy for the new programming period. The concept can be defined as a discovery of national/regional strengths in the field of research, development and innovation. Its key characteristic is an accent on innovation and concentration of human and financial resources allocated to research and development into several globally competitive fields, which can become a basis for the next economic growth and prosperity. Each region or state should prepare new innovation strategies based on smart specialisation since such strategies are conditionality for negotiation of new operational programmes. Because the concept is relatively new in the Czech Republic, the article aims at introducing it on the basis of foreign literature and official EU documents, and discussing some problems that should be taken into account in designing the strategy.

scholarly journals Recent European Union (EU) initiatives to support national vaccination efforts

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I de La Mata
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Background Vaccination is the main tool for primary prevention of disease and one of the most cost-effective public health measures available. Immunisation through vaccination is the best defence we have against serious, preventable, and sometimes deadly, contagious diseases. Thanks to widespread vaccination, smallpox has been eradicated, Europe made polio-free, and many other diseases almost eliminated. Methods This presentation provides an overview of recent European Union (EU) initiatives to support national vaccination efforts. Results The EU has launched a number of initiatives to strengthen national vaccination efforts. In December 2018 the European Council adopted a Recommendation to strengthen the EU cooperation on vaccine-preventable diseases. The initiative aims to tackle vaccine hesitancy, improve coordination on vaccine procurement, support research and innovation, and strengthen EU cooperation on vaccine-preventable diseases. EU countries are encouraged to develop and implement national vaccination plans with initiatives to improve coverage, and to introduce routine vaccination status checks. The European Commission is also reinforcing its support to national vaccination efforts to increase coverage, including through the preparation of a Joint Action on vaccination co-funded by the Health Programme. Launching in 2018, the Joint Action will address vaccine hesitancy and seek to increase vaccination coverage in the EU. It is coordinated by INSERM (France) and involves 23 countries (among them 20 EU countries). Conclusions Vaccination policy is a competence of national authorities, but the European Commission assists EU countries in coordinating their policies and programmes.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL SUPPORT INNOVATION IN SMEs IN EUROPEAN UNION REGIONS’ SMART SPECIALIZATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
A.R. Dub ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Research Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
The Eu

The intentions of the Ukrainian authorities to increase the competitiveness of regional economies based on smart specialization caused the study of the characteristics of financing projects of smart specialization of regions of the European Union. The introduction of innovations in the activities of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to increase their competitiveness is one of the key areas of financial support for smart specialization. The aim of the study is to identify the effectiveness of financial support for smart specialization projects in the EU regions in terms of funding research, development and innovation aimed at improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses. In the course of the study, we analyzed the databases of the European Structural and Investment Funds on the amount of funding for research, development and innovation aimed at increasing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized busi nesses, by areas of funding and EU countries. We also compared the level of use of funds and the level of achievement of the goals planned in the projects. EU countries and regions used the funds planned by the European Structural and Investment Funds to finance the implementation of innovations in SMEs only by a third due to weak interaction of SMEs with research centers, as well as due to insufficient projects to improve the efficiency of SMEs through implementation results of research, development and innovation. The main emphasis in supporting small and medium-sized businesses through the implementation of research advances has been placed in the smart specialization strategies of the Netherlands, Slovakia, Poland, the United Kingdom and Germany. However, the largest amount of funding for research, development and innovation in SMEs in 2014-2020 among EU member states was planned, in addition to Poland and Germany, for Italy and Spain. The analysis showed that by 2020 the level of implementation of only certain goals of smart specialization reached 50 % or more of the planned indicators. However, in the context of the EU countries, there was no homogeneity in achieving all the goals related to the development and functioning of small and medium-sized businesses through the implementation of research, development and innovation. The efficiency of using the financial resources of the European Structural and Investment Funds for the implementation of smart specialization strategies in the EU regions was not high. It is likely that by 2023 when the projects launched in 2014-2020 will be completed, the level of achievement by the EU regions of smart specialization goals in terms of implementing research, development and innovation in SMEs will increase. Nevertheless, in our opinion, it will not be possible to achieve their full implementation.

scholarly journals The Role of Infrastructure for Electric Passenger Car Uptake in Europe

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Tsakalidis ◽  
Andreea Julea ◽  
Christian Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Status ◽  
Market Fragmentation ◽  
The Eu

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) can be a main lever towards a decarbonised road transport system. The PEV market uptake needs to be nurtured by appropriate support measures for users, for technological advances related to the vehicle and its components, and for all relevant recharging infrastructure deployment. This paper focuses on the role of PEV recharging infrastructure for electric passenger car uptake in Europe. It examines the status of road transport electrification, relevant policies, incentives and national plans. We find that the status and plans of PEV and recharging infrastructure and the corresponding support measures vary significantly between countries. The PEV share in the various analysed countries ranged in 2017 from 0.01% to 5.49% and is estimated to reach values between 0.05% and 12.71% in 2020. The corresponding ratio of PEV per one publicly accessible recharging point ranged between 1 and 60 and is estimated to vary between 3 and 161 in 2020. Diverging plans could lead to market fragmentation in the European Union (EU) and impede the EU-wide circulation of PEVs. The appropriate level of recharging infrastructure should be determined to both support PEV deployment and to prevent sunk investments. Different country experiences vis-à-vis PEV and infrastructure support could be useful to identify best practices.

scholarly journals Innovation and Competitiveness of European Regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Michele Sabatino ◽  
Giuseppina Talamo
Keyword(s):  
European Regions ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
European Development ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

The recent debate on European development policies is articulated around two major filelds of researches that are highly integrated with each other. One of this is investments in research, innovation and the innovative capacity of the European regions. Another is the degree of competitiveness of production and European regional systems. This research enters the debate on development and regional competitiveness related to innovation and research, by presenting recent data on innovation and competitiveness in the different European regions. Firstly we present the degree of innovation of European regions referring one of the main document “The Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016”. This document provides a comparative assessment of the performance in terms of innovation in 190 regions of the EU, making use of a limited number of indicators of research and innovation. It also shows what the differences in the level of innovation performance among EU Member States are still considerable and are reduced only slowly. Secondary we present recent data on the degree of competitiveness of the regions by specifying the selected indicators of competitiveness within the EU with a base map existing (The Europe 2020 Competitiveness Report 2014). The aim of this paper is to understand the correlation between the degree of innovation and the degree of competitiveness comparing first the above mentioned dataset and mapping the most innovative and competitive regions. In the light of this comparison the differences and similarities will be highlighted, as well as the correlation between the index of innovation and to regional competitiveness. At the end are presented some policy indications on possible courses of action for innovation and competitiveness of European regions.

Towards a Culture of Creativity: Reflections on Europe’s Strive for Excellence in Research and Innovation

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Krull
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Science Base ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Eu

In recent years, the notion of ‘excellence’ and its interconnectedness with research, development and innovations has become extremely popular across Europe. At regional and national as well as at the EU level, various initiatives have been taken to strengthen the science base, and to establish centres, or clusters of outstanding achievements. Researchers, universities, and funding agencies will have to work their way towards a culture of creativity, which needs a leap of faith based on the high-trust principles of governance and accountability, and which provides more space for risk-taking and thorough rethinking of common wisdom in order to achieve real breakthroughs at the frontiers of knowledge.

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