Use ofin-vivomeasurements to estimate breast and abdominal fat content of a free-range broiler strain

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Melot ◽  
M. M. Motter ◽  
L. R. Morao ◽  
M. J. Huguet ◽  
Z. Canet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Ultrasound Method ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Weight Prediction ◽  
Stepwise Procedure ◽  
Breast Weight

AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the ultrasound method as a tool forin-vivobreast and abdominal fat prediction on Campero-INTA broilers. Breast length (mm), width (mm), surface (mm2; ultrasound) and depth (mm; ultrasound), and abdominal fat depth (mm; ultrasound) were measured at 65-66 and 72-73 days of age on 96 males. At 79 days of age, the broilers were weighed and slaughtered. Breast and abdominal fat weights (g) were obtained. Multiple regression equations were fitted using live weight (g) andin-vivomeasurements to predict breast and abdominal fat weights and proportions (g/g). The best model for each case was selected by the Stepwise procedure. Equations fitted were verified using another set of data. Breast weight prediction using live weight and breast length in the model was as accurate as using live weight and breast depth. The former is recommended for breeding work. Abdominal fat weight prediction using ultrasound measurements of fat was less accurate than breast weight prediction. Repeatabilities for ultrasound breast measurements were higher (0·72 to 0·73) than those for abdominal fat (0·51 to 0·52). Operator effect may be important when training levels are different.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Carcass Value of Young Holstein-Friesian Bulls Based on Live Body Measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Pogorzelska-Przybyłek ◽  
Zenon Nogalski ◽  
Zofia Wielgosz-Groth ◽  
Rafał Winarski ◽  
Monika Sobczuk-Szul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Chest Girth

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of ultrasound and zoometric measurements and visual muscle scoring for predicting the carcass value of 167 young Holstein-Friesian (HF) bulls. Zoometric and ultrasound measurements were performed and live muscle scoring was estimated before slaughter. After slaughter, hot carcass weight (HCW) was determined and carcasses were assigned to conformation and fat classes according to the EUROP system. Multiple regression equations were derived to estimate the weight, conformation and fatness of carcasses. HCW was estimated using the following equations: Ŷ = 1.507x1 + 1.103x2 + 4.043x3 + 5.53x4 + 0.379x5 + + 8.076x6 - 678.93 (R2=0.892; Sy = 16.28) and Ŷ = 2.525x4 + 0.579x7 + 0.451x8 - 134.17 (R2=0.943; Sy = 11.84); independent variables x1 - height at sacrum (cm); x2 - chest girth (cm); x3 - pelvic width (cm); x4 - pelvic length (cm); x5 - thickness of M. gluteo-biceps (mm); x6 - intravital muscle scoring (points); x7 - thickness of M. longissimus dorsi (mm); x8 - live weight (kg). Validation of the first regression equation revealed overestimation of HCW by 1.25% on average, while validation of the second equation revealed its underestimation by 1.85% on average. It was found that intravital muscle scoring and selected ultrasound and zoometric measurements of HF bulls can be used in formulating regression equations for predicting the carcass value of live animals. The proposed models enable predicting the carcass value of young bulls with satisfactory accuracy, thus contributing to an objective live beef cattle assessment

FAT THICKNESS MEASURED WITH THREE ULTRASONIC INSTRUMENTS ON LIVE RAM LAMBS AS PREDICTORS OF CUTABILITY

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ FORTIN
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Ram Lambs

Fat thickness at four locations over the longissimus muscle was measured ultrasonically on 33 live ram lambs ranging in live weight from 16.0 to 37.0 kg. Simple and multiple regression equations were developed to assess the effectiveness of fat thickness as measured by three different ultrasonic instruments (Krautkrämer USM #2, Scanoprobe Model 731A and Scanogram Model 722) to predict cutability. Weight of trimmed or boneless cuts (shoulder + loin + rack + leg) was predicted with more precision than percentage of cuts. Fat thickness alone or combined with weight at scanning was of no significant value (P > 0.05) in the prediction of percentage of trimmed cuts. Percentage of boneless cuts was predicted more efficiently from weight at scanning alone than from fat thickness alone or combined with weight at scanning. Weight of cuts (trimmed or boneless) was also estimated from the fat measurement (P < 0.01), the weight at scanning (P < 0.01) or a combination of both variables. For the latter, fat thickness did not contribute significantly (P > 0.05). The optimal location of the fat measurement depended on the ultrasonic instrument used. Fat thickness measured with the Krautkrämer was more efficient in its prediction of cutability than fat thickness measured with the Scanoprobe or Scanogram. However, over the range of liveweights studied, the usefulness of fat thickness measured on live ram lambs to predict cutability is questionable.

scholarly journals The prediction of body composition in poultry by estimation in vivo of total body water with tritiated water and deuterium oxide

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Johnson ◽  
D. J. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Total Body

1. Birds (n169) which varied in age, live weight, nutritional history, physiological state and genotype were slaughtered and analysed for total body water. Before slaughter, birds were injected with the water isotopes tritiated water (TOH) or deuterium oxide (D2O), or both, to determine TOH space or D2O space, or both, as estimates of total body water in vivo.2. At the mean total body water of all birds determined by desiccation, of 1096·4 (SD 424·1) g, TOH space and D2O space overestimated total body water by 10·4 and 8·5 % respectively. The difference between the isotopes was significant (P< 0·05).3. Based on recovery of isotope it was postulated that the main reason for the observed overestimation of total body water in vivo was incomplete recovery of isotope due to the vacuum sublimation technique. The mean recovery (%) of added isotope to whole blood after vacuum sublimation was 93·0 (SD 2·6) and 92·4 (SD 5·5) of the theoretical concentrations of TOH and D2O respectively.4. Nevertheless, accurate prediction of total body water was obtained from regression equations which included live weight and isotope-dilution space. Values required logarithmic (base 10) transformation before derivation of linear and multiple linear regression equations, and the precision of prediction was determined by the residual standard deviation (RSD).5. Total body water could be predicted with nearly equal accuracy from live weight or isotope-dilution space (RSD 0·025 and 0·020 respectively). Prediction of carcass protein was more accurate from live weight (RSD 0·033) than from TOH space (RSD 0·036), and inclusion of both variables resulted in only a marginal decrease in RSD to 0·031.6. The prediction of carcass fat and energy was markedly improved by the inclusion of isotope-dilution space in conjunction with live weight compared with live weight alone.7. The relations show the developmental nature of body composition of domestic fowl given diets adequate in nutrients. The prediction equations demonstrate the precision possible for studies in which estimates of body composition in poultry are required without slaughter.

The use of ultrasound measurement of perirenal fat thickness to estimate changes in body condition of young female rabbits

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Pascual ◽  
F. Castella ◽  
C. Cervera ◽  
E. Blas ◽  
J. Fernández-Carmona
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Ultrasound Measurement ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Perirenal Fat

AbstractForty-two New-Zealand x Californian young female rabbits of 4·5 months of age were used to evaluate the use o f a computerized ultrasound system in estimating changes in body condition. In order to get a wide range of fatness, animals were randomly subjected to four food restriction regimes for 2 weeks. Female rabbits were scanned at six different back sites to estimate perirenal fat thickness, using a real-time ultrasound unit equipped with a 5·0-MHz sector probe. After scanning, all animals were weighed and slaughtered. The weights of hot carcass, cold carcass, perirenal fat, scapular fat, liver and kidneys were recorded. There was a large variation in the weight of the main fat deposits, especially for the perirenal fat (CV = 0·632), indicating its suitability for estimating changes in body condition. Ultrasound measurements of perirenal fat thickness correlated strongly with all carcass fat weight values (r= 0·692 to 0·959;P< 0·001) and the estimated carcass energy content (r= 0·777 to 0·866;P< 0·001) and seem to be more precise predictors than live weight measurements. Multiple regression equations for estimating the main fat deposit weight and estimated carcass energy content using only the live weight as an independent variable hadR2values ranging from 0·47 to 0·59. The accuracy of estimates was improved when ultrasound measurements were used in the regression model (R2values ranging from 0·81 to 0·95). Ultrasound measurement of mean perirenal fat deposit thickness at 3 cm ahead of the 2ndto 3rdlumbar vertebrae was the best predictor for perirenal fat weight (R2= 0·95;P< 0·001), total fat weight (R2= 0·93;P< 0·001) and estimated carcass energy content (R2= 0·90;P< 0·001). A validation group of 11 rabbit does was used to validate the ultrasound regression equations, showing that their mean accuracy was approximately 0·895 and 0·967 for total fat weight and estimated carcass energy content, respectively. Results suggest that ultrasound measurements of perirenal fat thickness may be an accurate method for studying changes in body condition of young female rabbits at different times.

scholarly journals Pre- and Post-Slaughter Methodologies to Estimate Body Fat Reserves in Lactating Saanen Goats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440
Author(s):  
Leonardo Sidney Knupp ◽  
Mondina Francesca Lunesu ◽  
Roberto Germano Costa ◽  
Mauro Ledda ◽  
Sheila Nogueira Ribeiro Knupp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Total Fat

This work aimed to compare pre- and post-slaughter methodologies to estimate body fat reserves in dairy goats. Twenty-six lactating Saanen goats ranging from 43.6 to 69.4 kg of body weight (BW) and from 1.84 to 2.96 of body condition score (BCS; 0–5 range) were used. Fifteen pre-slaughter and four post-slaughter measurement values were used to estimate the weight of fat in the omental (OM), mesenteric (MES), perirenal (PR), organ (ORG), carcass (CARC), and non-carcass components (NC) and total (TOT, calculated as the sum of CARC and NC) depots in goats. The pre-slaughter measurements were withers height; rump height; rump length; pelvis width; chest depth; shoulder width; heart girth; body length; sternum height; BW; BCS assessed in the lumbar (BCSl) and sternal (BCSs) regions; and fat thickness measured by ultrasound in the lumbar (FTUSl), sternal (FTUSs), and perirenal (FTUSpr) regions. The post-slaughter measurements were hot carcass weight (HCW), empty body weight (EBW), and fat thickness measured by digital caliper in the lumbar (FTDCl) and sternal (FTDCs) regions. Linear and multiple regressions were fit to data collected. BW, BCS (from lumbar and sternal regions), all somatic measurements, and fat thickness measured by ultrasound in the lumbar and sternal regions were not adequate to estimate the weight of total fat in lactating Saanen goats (R2 ≤ 0.55). The best pre-slaughter and post-slaughter estimators of OM, MES, PR, ORG, NC, and TOT fat were FTUSpr and EBW, respectively. Among pre- and post-slaughter measurements, BCSl (R2 = 0.63) and HCW (R2 = 0.82) provided the most accurate predictions of CARC fat, respectively. Multiple regression using the pre-slaughter variables FTUSpr, BW, and BCSl yielded estimates of TOT fat with an R2 = 0.92 (RSD = 1.14 kg). On the other hand, TOT fat predicted using the post-slaughter variables HCW and FTDCs had an R2 = 0.83 (RSD = 1.41 kg). These results confirm that fat reserves can be predicted in lactating Saanen goats with high precision using multiple regression equations combining in vivo measurements.

scholarly journals In vivo prediction of live weight and carcass traits using body measurements in indigenous guinea fowl

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
D.M. Ogah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Weight Prediction ◽  
Breast Weight

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between live measurements and carcass traits, and develop linear regression models to predict live weight and set of carcass traits in an indigenous guinea fowl. Twenty eight adult indigenous birds of both sexes were used for the study. Live weight and body measurements were obtained before slaughter while carcass traits were taken on hot carcass. Result obtained from descriptive statistics showed that, mean performance were 1208?6.86g, 22.17?0.13 cm, 8.94?0.07cm, 2.96?0.03cm, 34.23?0.19cm, 850.15?7.18g, 267.23?1.69g, 72.39?0.64g and 70.38% for body weight, body length, thigh length, keel length, chest circumference, carcass weight, breast weight, thigh weight and dressing percentage. All the traits except for keel length were positively (P<0.001) correlated to body weight. Chest circumference had the highest predictive power in live weight estimate (R2.558), while body weight stand out as the single most important variable in carcass weight and breast weight prediction (R2.820 and .902) This suggest that carcass weight and breast weight prediction can best be obtained using body weight, providing direction in developing model for selection and improvement of guinea fowl for meat production.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementing feed grade L-methionine in plant sourced diet on the performance of broiler chicken

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
T Mahmud ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MJ Uddin ◽  
I Jahan ◽  
MH Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Breast Weight ◽  
Lower Production

The study was conducted to investigate the productivity and profitability of broiler on L-methionine supplemented diet. A total of 160 day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) was randomly distributed to four dietary supplements, D0 (Control), D1 (0.30 % L-Met), D2 (0.35 % L- Met) and D3 (0.40 % L- Met). Each treatment was replicated five times with 8 birds per cage. The chicks were reared in the battery cages while they were fed with broiler starter diet (crumble) until Day14 of age. The birds with fed with L-Met supplemented diets starting from Day15 until Day35 of age All the diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous.. Results revealed that the L-Met supplementations were in favor of higher live weight (LW) and better (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio without affecting the feed intake (FI). The D3 diet resulted higher (p<0.01) LW in the birds than all others on Day35 of age. The livability (%) was unaffected (p>0.05) by the dietary supplements. No significant (p>0.05) difference was observed in the relative weights of visceral organs (small intestine, proventriculus, gizzard, liver and heart) except for the spleen. Relatively increased (p<0.05) spleen weight (%) was observed in the D3 diet. The breast weight (%) was increased marginally (p<0.07) in the D3 group, while the other carcass parts; breast weight, thigh weight, wing weight, shank weight, drumstick weight, neck weight, and abdominal fat content were found to be similar (p>0.05) in the dietary groups. Higher profit (p<0.01) and lower production cost (p<0.05) were observed in the D3 group than that of the others. It can be inferred that 0.40% L-Met supplementation in the broiler diet is better for growth performance and profitability. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 27 (1&2), 2020: P. 1-14

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