Urban infoscapes: new tools to inform city design and planning

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Ratti ◽  
Nick Baker
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
The City ◽  
Generally True

During the past decades, many computer tools have been developed to assist in the environmental design of individual buildings. Heat, light, sound and especially energy consumption can be analyzed in many different packages. This is not generally true for urban design, especially at the medium scale. Although it is widely assumed that urban texture – the pattern of streets, building heights, open spaces and so on – will determine environmental quality both in the buildings and outside, tools for investigating the connections are sparse. The need for medium-scale understanding is confirmed by Givoni (1989):‘The outdoor temperature, wind speed and solar radiation to which an individual building is exposed is not the regional “synoptic” climate, but the local microclimate as modified by the “structure” of the city, mainly of the neighbourhood where the building is located.’This paper describes how novel image-processing algorithms could be applied in urban areas to calculate a wide number of parameters. These parameters allow the construction of what we could call ‘urban infoscapes’: a layered collection of information on cities, that can be successfully used to inform urban design and planning.

scholarly journals Waterfront Public Realm Design: Towards a Sustainable Identity Urban Projects in Vancouver and Portland

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Lacilla ◽  
Jose Maria Ordeig
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Current Century ◽  
False Creek ◽  
The City

<p>The renovation of the waterfronts, such as those in the main public spaces of large cities, started in 1970s. Core industries had found other places to develop far from the city; thereafter key areas fell out of use and into disrepair. As a consequence, a huge number of urban areas became in urgent need of renewal. However, urban design guidelines to regenerate these open spaces have significantly changed since then. The approach towards returning these parts of the city to its inhabitants has evolved from an emphasis on building new housing in the nineties, to considering the broader aspects of sustainability in the early years of the current century and finally to searching for the areas’ identity in more recent years. Therefore, currently this identity is one of the main aspects designers are looking for. At the same time, the sustainability of the waterfront areas may be achieved through the establishment of this place´s sense of identity. In order to do this, we assess three urban actions undertaken in Portland and Vancouver -False Creek North, South Waterfront and Southeast False Creek-. The article suggests that the interplay between urban design, sustainability and identity is becoming the new driver for the design of the waterfronts.</p>

scholarly journals Placemaking as multi-faceted tool in urban design and planning. A strategic approach in case of Hubballi city, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita C. Jakkappanavar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The City

Cities are the main engines of economy attracting influx of population from rural to urban areas. They are the major contributors of global GDP and hold high potential for development opportuniites but yet they face many inequalities. These negative effects suppress positive ones if not managed properly. In context to Hubballi (a developing city of North Karnataka), in the past the cultural matrix shared a symbiotic relationship with the green & blue networks that traversed the city in a manner that could be characterized as the urban commons. However, over a few decades, industrialization & changing economic drivers have led to over exploitation of natural resources. Specifically, in the case of Unkal Nullah, a canal which originates from Unkal Lake in the northern end of Hubballi city. The mismanagement of urban development led to self-build practices, poor drainage system and encroachment of low-income houses along the water edges. Lack of maintenance led to waste dumping practices into the canal which was a source of sustenance in the past, to become the backyard or sewer of the city in the present day. This inturn led ecological imbalances which were compromised and neglected to the background. To ameliorate the situation there have been multiple efforts in terms of policies and missions, the most recent one being the ‘smart cities mission’ which also stresses the sustainable development of Indian cities. This paper is an attempt to fulfill the motive of “smart cities makes better cities with healthier people” by assessing Place making as a major tool to configure waterfront dynamics to create public realm, to make people centric approach which contribute to people’s health, happiness and wellbeing. It is necessary to rethink on the matrix of land & water through urban design & planning efforts in making cities more connected with its water-land-people.

scholarly journals Food and Religion in Sicily—A New Green Tourist Destination by an Ancient Route from the Past

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6686
Author(s):  
Bellia Claudio ◽  
Scavone Valeria ◽  
Ingrassia Marzia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Christian Identity ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
Policy Delphi ◽  
The Past ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Pilgrimage Tourism ◽  
The City

The Francigena Way (Via Francigena) is a long international itinerary that was awarded recognition as a Culture Route of the Council of Europe. It starts in Canterbury (UK), touches 13 European regions and ends in Rome. An ancient track of this route is in Sicily (Southern Italy), and its name is Magna Via Francigena (Great Francigena Way). This track is a pilgrimage route that connects two ancient port cities, Palermo and Agrigento, passing through internal rural territories that now deal with the exodus of population from rural to urban areas. The route passes through the Sicilian territory named “Upper-Belìce corleonese”, a rural area around the city of Corleone (a little village known worldwide for the sad Mafia events) that includes a number of municipalities. In the past, this religious pilgrimage was a fundamental part of the expression of faith for Christians and now still represents for Sicilians a strong symbol of Christian identity. In recent decades, pilgrimage tourism around the world has grown significantly each year. The aim of the study is to know the pilgrims’ motivations for choosing the Magna Via Francigena pilgrimage as a vacation and any possible similarities between pilgrimage tourism and food and wine tourism, in the wider context of sustainable and slow tourism. The Policy Delphi method was applied to collect the opinions of the stakeholders involved. The study highlighted the strong link between religious motivations and local enogastronomy, culture, art and nature. Results will support policy-making in the development of integrated territorial tourist marketing strategies.

Methodological Dimensions of Delineating Peri-urban Areas: The Case of Kolkata Metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Dinabandhu Mondal ◽  
Sucharita Sen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Transitions ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Municipal Boundaries ◽  
The City ◽  
Complex Characters

In the past few decades, due to urbanization and spatial expansion of cities beyond their municipal boundaries, complex interactions between the city and its surrounding rural areas have occurred, resulting in the formation of peri-urban spaces or zones of transition. There is a plurality of definitions for these peri-urban spaces, due to their diverse character in terms of land and water use, livelihood shifts, demographic and social transitions. Most peri-urban areas, specifically those around large metropolitan cities, are increasingly assuming complex characters, which call for governance structures beyond rural–urban binaries. For any administrative intervention of a serious nature in peri-urban areas, a standard methodology for demarcation of these spaces is required. This article is an attempt to develop and apply such a methodology beyond the existing ones, using government sources of data, in the case of Kolkata Metropolis. This article uses socio-economic and land-use characteristics to achieve this objective. It finds that peri-urban spaces do not necessarily develop uniformly around the city; instead, they are fragmented and could be located both near or relatively far from urban areas.

scholarly journals Analizy Space Syntax wobec zjawiska segregacji społecznej i izolacji przestrzennej obszarów mieszkaniowych

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Justyna Olesiak
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

W wielu obszarach miejskich widoczna jest skrajna segregacja przestrzeni publicznej oraz fakt, że wiele dzielnic mieszkaniowych jest przestrzennie odizolowanych od miasta jako całości. Ponieważ tradycyjne metody analiz urbanistycznych dają słabe wytyczne w tym kontekście, podjęta zostanie próba ujęcia problemu i odmiennego podejścia do segregacji w projektowaniu urbanistycznym. Niniejszy artykuł bada, w jaki sposób teorie i metody analizy Space Syntax mogą przyczynić się do stworzenia bardziej dopracowanych opisów relacji przestrzennych w różnych dzielnicach i całym mieście. Przyjęto metodę badawczą: analizę literatury fachowej (krajowej i zagranicznej) oraz dostępnych publikacji. Analiza urbanistyczna oparta na teorii Space Syntax umożliwia wykazanie zasadniczych różnic strukturalnych między dzielnicami i określenie wpływu form urbanistycznych na zalety przestrzenne różnych obszarów miasta. Otwiera to nowe możliwości rozwiązania problemu segregacji w zakresie projektowania urbanistycznego oraz sformułowanie bardziej skutecznych interwencji antysegregacyjnych. Space Syntax analysis in the Face of the Phenomenon of Social Segregation and Spatial Isolation of Residential Areas In many urban areas there is an observable extreme segregation of public space, in addition to the fact that many housing districts are spatially isolated from the city as a whole. As traditional methods of urban analysis provide poor guidelines in this context, an attempt to investigate this problem and present a different approach to segregation in urban design was made. This paper presents an investigation about how Space Syntax theories and methods can contribute to creating more detailed descriptions of spatial relationships in different districts and in the entire city. The research method employed was an analysis of the literature (both domestic and trade). Space-Syntax-based urban analysis enables demonstrating significant structural differences between districts and to determine the impact of urban forms on the spatial advantages of different areas of the city. It provides new opportunities to address segregation in urban design and formulate more effective anti-segregation interventions.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS PLACES ON PALU RIVERSIDES

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Wildani Pingkan Suripurna Hamzens ◽  
Meidy Widayanto Moestopo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Green Area ◽  
The City

Agribusiness may potentially develop on Palu Riversides. This research aims to formulate a sustainable agricultural spatial innovation for the Development of Agribusiness Places on Palu Riversides. The methods used for this study were field observation, satellite image map observation, and literature review. The results showed that the implementation of sustainable agriculture through the development of agribusiness places in urban areas could take advantage of the open spaces designated as green open space zone on the Palu Riversides, namely the River Green Area which is outside the riparian zone, the river overflow runoff area. To achieve this objective, it requires ability to innovate in spatial planning so that an urban agricultural area that is neatly arranged into an agribusiness places can also be developed into one of the city landmark.

scholarly journals Post-Pandemic City: Historical Context for New Urban Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Veaceslav MIR
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
The City

Cities have been almost completely unprepared for the COVID-19 pandemic. Urban history has known many epidemics and pandemics, and there are clear historical parallels between the 13th and 19th century plague pandemics and cholera epidemics and the 21th century COVID-19 pandemic, from an administrative point of view. However, the cities’ public administration did not take into account the experience of the cities of the past to be prepared for the future problems. This requires developing flexible pandemic strategies and focusing on the decentralization of urban space through an even distribution of population in the urban environment. The COVID-19 pandemic will change the city, as previous pandemics and epidemics did. Urbanism v.3.0. will emerge, combining a green vector of development and digital technologies to ensure the autonomy and sustainability of buildings, districts and cities. At the same time, the role of culture will increase, which will become an effective tool for consolidating the soft power of the city in order to attract new people as the opposition of nowadays trend for living in the countryside.

The Urban Design Discourse and Professional Divide

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Kashef
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Urban Models ◽  
The City

This study examines the strands of thought that define the urban design discourse today. One of the common and primary urban design approaches developed an understanding of the visual, perceptual, and psychological dynamics underlying human behavior in urban areas. It associated urban design with the visual characteristics of built forms and their impact on people's perceptions and ability to create clear mental maps or images of their surroundings. Another approach emphasized historical, typological, social, and morphological aspects of built forms. It linked successful urban spaces with mixed-use, traditional urban models and advanced place-making principles that encourage spatially defined, legible, and culturally grounded built environments. Lately, there has been an increased debate about the potential of developing an all-encompassing, holistic urban design approach that synthesizes prior urban design approaches and is predicated on the premise that urban design is an interdisciplinary activity concerned with creating livable/sustainable built environments. However, dialogues with architects, landscape architects, and planners revealed an entrenched professional divide among urban design practitioners based on their educational backgrounds and subsequent experiences. This study is premised on the need to address the contradictory views about the city in design and planning educational curricula in order to bridge the intellectual divide and build a holistic or interdisciplinary urban design approach.

Demand and supply side changes in the Santa Cruz, Bolivia, milk sector 1985 – 2002: impact on small-scale producers and poor consumers

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
J. Rushton ◽  
N. Duran ◽  
S. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The Past ◽  
Country Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

During the past three decades worldwide dairy policies have been implemented to promote the consumption of milk and milk products in urban areas and the production from rural areas close to big cities (Alderman et al., 1987). Bolivia and the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra have been influenced by these worldwide directives and this current study examines the impact of policies on the demand and supply side of the sector, but with particular emphasis on smallholder milk producers and poor urban consumers. The current research is part of a multi-country study on the supply, demand and impact of dairy and other policies over a 10 to 15 year period (1985 to 2000) of the milk sectors of Santa Cruz, Bolivia; Nairobi, Kenya; and Kathmandu, Nepal.

scholarly journals Paradigm of Eco-Urban-Agriculture for the Sustainable City: Integrating the Concept for Urban Dhaka

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ayasha Siddiqua
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
The City ◽  
Improve Health

The geographical location of Bangladesh is gifted with enormous natural recourse: water, alluvial land,suitable climatic conditions for bio diversity and other natural assets. The capital, Dhaka, surroundedby rivers on four sides, was once a blue-green-built environment offering a healthy living atmosphere forits habitants. The city was dotted with huge and crisscrossed water bodies, a tolerable population density,and enough open spaces. Urban and peri-urban areas of the city complemented its food demand whichsubsequently maintained the environmental equilibrium. The modern concept of eco-urban-agriculture willdefinitely be beneficial in such a dense city which is rapidly losing its livability by insensitive urbanization.This paper will describe how a city could generate food, improve health, and utilize waste by furthering theestablished urban-agriculture concept. It aims to develop an understanding of this concept in Bangladesh,particularly in the dense urban fabric of Dhaka, by discussing the theoretical background of urban agricultureand practiced models of eco-urban-agriculture in urban settings around the world.

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