scholarly journals A short-term intervention for the treatment of severe malnutrition in a post-conflict country: results of a survey in Guinea Bissau

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1357-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Colombatti ◽  
Alessandra Coin ◽  
Piero Bestagini ◽  
Cesaltina Silva Vieira ◽  
Laura Schiavon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Weight For Age

AbstractObjectivesTo determine (i) the extent of malnutrition and the risk factors for severe malnutrition in Guinea Bissau, a post-conflict country experiencing long-term consequences of civil war; and (ii) the feasibility and effectiveness of a short-term intervention characterized by outpatient treatment with locally produced food for the treatment of severe malnutrition during the rainy season.Design and settingSocial, clinical, nutritional information were collected for children reaching the paediatric outpatient clinic of the Hospital ‘Comunità di Sant’Egidio’ in Bissau, Guinea Bissau, from 1 July to 12 August 2003. Severely malnourished children (weight-for-age <−3sd) in poor health status were admitted for daily nutritional and pharmacological treatment until complete recovery. Social and health indicators were analysed to define risk factors of severe malnutrition.ResultsIn total, 2642 children were visited (age range: 1 month–17 years). Fever, cough and dermatological problems were the main reasons for access. Social data outlined poor housing conditions: 86·4 % used water from unprotected wells, 97·3 % did not have a bathroom at home, 78·2 % lived in a mud house. Weight-for-age was <−2sd in 23·0 % of the children and <−3sd in 10·3 %; thirty-seven children (1·4 %) were severely malnourished and admitted for day care. All recovered with a weight gain of 4·45 g/kg per d, none died or relapsed after 1 year. Severely malnourished children were mainly infants, part of large families and had illiterate mothers.ConclusionShort-term interventions performed in post-conflict countries during seasons of high burden of disease and malnutrition are feasible and successful at low cost; day-care treatment of severe malnutrition with locally produced food is an option that can be tested in other settings.

Risk Factors for Pneumonia Among Children in a Brazilian Metropolitan Area

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-985
Author(s):  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Sandra C. Fuchs ◽  
José Antonio C. Flores ◽  
Walter Fonseca ◽  
Betty Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Day Care Center ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Weight For Age

Objective. To investigate risk factors for pneumonia for infants &lt;2 years of age. Design. Hospital-based, case-control study with neighborhood control subjects. Setting. Urban area in southern Brazil. Subjects. Five hundred ten infants with radiologically confirmed pneumonia who were admitted to a pediatric hospital. One age-matched neighborhood control subject was selected for each case. Results. Multiple conditional regression modeling was used to control for confounding, taking into account the hierarchical relationships between risk factors. The incidence of radiologically confirmed pneumonia was associated with low paternal education, the number of persons in the household, young maternal age, attendance at day-care centers, low birth weight and weight-for-age, lack of breast-feeding and of non-milk supplements, and a history of previous pneumonia or wheezing. Day-care center attendance showed the highest risk, with an adjusted odds ratio of 11.75. Conclusions. In addition to continued efforts toward appropriate case management, actions directed against the above risk factors may help prevent the major cause of deaths of children younger than 5 years.

Effects of biosocial variables on changes in nutritional status of rural Bangladeshi children, pre- and post-monsoon flooding

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Yusuf Choudhury ◽  
Abbas Bhuiya
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Weight For Age

SummaryThis study examined the effects of biosocial variables on changes in nutritional status of rural Bangladeshi children, aged less than 2 years, pre- and post-1987 monsoon flooding. Nutritional status was measured by weight for age: variables included were age, sex, sickness during 2 weeks preceding the survey, intake of vitamin A capsules, socioeconomic status of household, and mother's education. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed an adverse effect of flood on nutrition and the effect was dependent on sex of child and intake of vitamin A. After the flood the proportion of severely malnourished children was significantly greater among those who had not taken vitamin A. For boys the proportion with severe malnutrition increased after the flood and the increase was greater than for girls; however, boys always had a lower risk of severe malnutrition than girls.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PEMULIHAN (PMT-P) TERHADAP STATUS GIZI BALITA GIZI BURUK DI DINAS KESEHATAN KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-381
Author(s):  
Farida Fitriyanti ◽  
Tatik Mulyati
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Weight For Age

ABSTRACTBackground : Severe malnutrition is often happened in children under five. It is the most serious stage from process of malnutrition, especially energy and protein. Those do not appropriate with requirement and happen for a long time. Malnutrition is showed by weight and height where those  have linear relation. And those are showed with z-score value by weight-for-height and weight-for-age. An effort to overcome malnutrition is Supplementary Feeding Program of Recovery (PMT-P) where its nutritional value has been measured. So that requirement can be achieved.Method : This study was included on community nutrition with observational research and cohort approach. Subjects were 22 malnourished children under five including on inclusion criteria in Department of Health in Semarang during 60 days (2months). PMT-P was given on formula and biscuit form. It has nutritional value which can contribute 70% of energy requirement and 80% of protein requirement in one day.Result : There was different nutritional status before and after gving PMT-P based on weight-for-height and weight-for-age with p=0.000 and p=0.002. Difference of nutritional status based on weight-for-height happening after PMT-P was from 100% of very thin to 18.2% normal; 40.9% thin; and 40.9% very thin. Whereas it based on weight-for-age was from 86.4% severe malnutrition to 40.9% mild malnutrition. PMT-P also gived contribution of energy of 54.60±15.42% and protein of 79.17±37.75% from daily need.Conclusion : PMT-P for 2 months gives effect for changing of nutritional status based on weight-for-height and weight-for-age of malnourished children under five. It gives contribution of energy of 54.60±15.42% and protein of 79.17±37.75%.Keywords : PMT-Pecovery, severe malnutrition, formula WHO F100

Day-Care Infections Up Short Term, Down Later

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
MARY ANN MOON
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Short Term

Predictors and risk factors of short-term readmission of acute pericarditis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yasser Al-Khadra ◽  
Yasar Sattar ◽  
Waqas Ullah ◽  
Tanveer Mir ◽  
Marvin Kajy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acute Pericarditis

Short-Term Outcomes Following Removal of Infected Hernia Mesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110241
Author(s):  
Christine Tung ◽  
Junko Ozao-Choy ◽  
Dennis Y. Kim ◽  
Christian de Virgilio ◽  
Ashkan Moazzez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mesh Removal ◽  
Mesh Placement ◽  
Infected Mesh

There are limited studies regarding outcomes of replacing an infected mesh with another mesh. We reviewed short-term outcomes following infected mesh removal and whether placement of new mesh is associated with worse outcomes. Patients who underwent hernia repair with infected mesh removal were identified from 2005 to 2018 American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. They were divided into new mesh (Mesh+) or no mesh (Mesh-) groups. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to compare morbidity between the two groups and to identify associated risk factors. Of 1660 patients, 49.3% received new mesh, with higher morbidity in the Mesh+ (35.9% vs. 30.3%; P = .016), but without higher rates of surgical site infection (SSI) (21.3% vs. 19.7%; P = .465). Mesh+ had higher rates of acute kidney injury (1.3% vs. .4%; P = .028), UTI (3.1% vs. 1.3%, P = .014), ventilator dependence (4.9% vs. 2.4%; P = .006), and longer LOS (8.6 vs. 7 days, P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression showed new mesh placement (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.07-1.85; P = .014), body mass index (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.03; P = .022), and smoking (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.05-1.95; P = .025) as risk factors independently associated with increased morbidity. New mesh placement at time of infected mesh removal is associated with increased morbidity but not with SSI. Body mass index and smoking history continue to contribute to postoperative morbidity during subsequent operations for complications.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqi Wei ◽  
Hanchuan Chen ◽  
Zhebin You ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Haoming He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Conut Score

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the connection between malnutrition evaluated by the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and the risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in elderly patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 1308 patients aged over 75 years undergoing PCI was included. Based on the CONUT score, patients were assigned to normal (0–1), mild malnutrition (2–4), moderate-severe malnutrition group (≥ 5). The primary outcome was CA-AKI (an absolute increase in ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or ≥ 50% relative serum creatinine increase 48 h after contrast medium exposure). Results Overall, the incidence of CA-AKI in normal, mild, moderate-severe malnutrition group was 10.8%, 11.0%, and 27.2%, respectively (p < 0.01). Compared with moderate-severe malnutrition group, the normal group and the mild malnutrition group showed significant lower risk of CA-AKI in models adjusting for risk factors for CA-AKI and variables in univariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.89, p = 0.02; OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.26–0.82, p = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, the relationship were consistent across the subgroups classified by risk factors for CA-AKI except anemia. The risk of CA-AKI related with CONUT score was stronger in patients with anemia. (overall interaction p by CONUT score = 0.012). Conclusion Moderate-severe malnutrition is associated with higher risk of CA-AKI in elderly patients undergoing PCI.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcomes of Full-Term Low Birth Weight Infants Born at a Tertiary Academic Center: A Prospective Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Al-Wassia ◽  
Shahd K. Baarimah ◽  
Asmaa H. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Manal O. Alsulami ◽  
Ragad S. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Control Study

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points

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