scholarly journals Diet quality in European pre-schoolers: evaluation based on diet quality indices and association with gender, socio-economic status and overweight, the ToyBox-study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2441-2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
An-Sofie Pinket ◽  
Marieke De Craemer ◽  
Inge Huybrechts ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Benedicte Deforche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Nutritious Food ◽  
Obesity Status

AbstractObjectiveTo study diet quality among pre-schoolers using the Diet Quality Index (DQI) and to investigate differences according to gender, socio-economic status (SES) and overweight/obesity status.DesignKindergarten-based cross-sectional survey within the ToyBox-study. A standardized protocol was used and parents/caregivers self-reported sociodemographic data and a semi-quantitative FFQ. A total DQI and its four subcomponents (diversity, quality, equilibrium and meal index) were calculated based on this FFQ. High total DQI scores indicate better diet quality than low scores. Results of the total DQI and the subcomponents were reported as percentages of maximum scores (100 %).SettingKindergartens in six European countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain).SubjectsEuropean pre-schoolers (aged 3·5–5·5 years) and their parents/caregivers (n 7063).ResultsThe mean total DQI score was 68·3 %. Mean scores of the subcomponents were 61·7 % for diversity, 56·5 % for quality, 65·4 % for equilibrium and 89·7 % for the meal index. Pre-schoolers of lower-SES backgrounds had lower scores on the total DQI and all its subcomponents. No clear differences were found by gender and overweight status. Results differed slightly according to country.ConclusionsPre-schoolers scored low on the total DQI and especially on dietary quality, as energy-dense, low-nutritious food items were more often consumed than highly nutritious food items. Furthermore, already in pre-schoolers lower-SES mothers were less likely to provide a good diet quality and this was consistent for all four subcomponents of the total DQI. Food intake in pre-schoolers should be enhanced, especially in pre-schoolers of lower-SES backgrounds.

scholarly journals Socio-economic status and behavioural and cardiovascular risk factors in Papua New Guinea: A cross-sectional survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0211068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Rarau ◽  
Justin Pulford ◽  
Hebe Gouda ◽  
Suparat Phuanukoonon ◽  
Chris Bullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status

scholarly journals Socio-economic status and urbanization are linked to snacks and obesity in adolescents in Botswana

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 2260-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segametsi D Maruapula ◽  
Jose C Jackson ◽  
Joanna Holsten ◽  
Sheila Shaibu ◽  
Leapetswe Malete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Diet Pattern

AbstractObjectiveTo describe patterns of food consumption associated with overweight/ obesity (OW/OB) and their links to socio-economic status (SES) and urbanization.DesignA nationwide cross-sectional survey.SettingSecondary schools in cities, towns and villages in Botswana, Africa.SubjectsA total of 746 adolescent schoolchildren.ResultsOW/OB is associated with greater SES, city residence and a snack-food diet pattern. Students belonging to higher SES compared with those from a lower SES background reported significantly (P< 0·01) more daily servings of snack foods (1·55v. 0·76) and fewer servings of traditional diet foods (0·99v. 1·68) and also reported that they ate meals outside the home more often (90 %v. 72 %). Students in cities ate significantly (P< 0·01) more servings of snacks (1·69v. 1·05v. 0·51) and fewer servings of traditional foods (0·67v. 1·52v. 1·61) compared with those in urban and rural villages. The odds of OW/OB were increased 1·16-fold with a snack-food diet, a result that was diminished when controlled for SES.ConclusionsThese data suggest that nutritional transition occurs at different rates across urbanization and SES levels in Botswana. In cities, increasing the availability of fruit while reducing access to or portion sizes of snack items is important. Emphasis on continued intake of traditional foods may also be helpful as rural areas undergo economic and infrastructural development.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Coverage and Usage of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in Madagascar

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Thawani ◽  
Manisha A. Kulkarni ◽  
Salim Sohani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Net Use ◽  
Llin Distribution ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets ◽  
Llin Ownership

In October 2007, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) were distributed in 59 of the 111 districts in Madagascar as part of a nationwide child survival campaign. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted six months post-campaign to evaluate net ownership, use and equity. Here, we examined the effects of socioeconomic factors on LLIN ownership and usage in districts with and without net distribution during the campaign. Our data demonstrated that in districts with LLIN distribution, LLIN ownership was similar across all wealth groups in households with at least one child under the age of five years (90.5% versus 88.6%); in districts without net distribution, 57.8% of households in the poorest tertile compared to 90.1% of households in the least poor tertile owned at least one LLIN. In contrast, in LLIN-owning households, both in districts with and without net distribution, higher socio-economic status was not associated with use among children under five years. These findings suggest that socio-economic status contributes to the household net ownership but once a household owns a net, socio-economic status is not associated with net use.

The Role of Socio-Economic Status in Adoption of Coping Strategies Among Adolescents Against Domestic Violence

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 2862-2881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
Sayyeda Maida Ishtiaq ◽  
Mudasir Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status

In the current study, researchers explored different types of coping strategies such as problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and non-constructive coping of adolescents witnessing and experiencing domestic violence. Furthermore, they tried to find out the association of socio-economic status with coping strategies against domestic violence in family sphere. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 210 adolescents of both sexes, aged 13 to 18 years in Hafizabad city using multistage sampling technique. Multivariate analysis was used to find out the association between adolescents’ resistance and resilience strategies against domestic violence. The information was collected through a structured interview schedule. This study revealed that age, gender, parents’ education, and family income were major factors that influenced the adoption of coping strategy among adolescents. Overall, the study suggested that adolescents were being victimized of various forms of domestic violence frequently in Pakistan, which needs to be addressed on immediate basis through policies and programs by integrating the social institutions of family and education. Findings of the study can enable parents to nurture and support the developmental needs of children in their care. It can help youth in defending themselves from extreme violent behavior adopters and preventing them from becoming the perpetrators of the domestic violence.

scholarly journals Food shopping transition: socio-economic characteristics and motivations associated with use of supermarkets in a North African urban environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1410-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Tessier ◽  
Pierre Traissac ◽  
Nicolas Bricas ◽  
Bernard Maire ◽  
Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Mediterranean Country ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Food Shopping

AbstractObjectiveIn the context of the nutrition transition and associated changes in the food retail sector, to examine the socio-economic characteristics and motivations of shoppers using different retail formats (large supermarkets (LSM), medium-sized supermarkets (MSM) or traditional outlets) in Tunisia.DesignCross-sectional survey (2006). Socio-economic status, type of food retailer and motivations data were collected during house visits. Associations between socio-economic factors and type of retailer were assessed by multinomial regression; correspondence analysis was used to analyse declared motivations.SettingPeri-urban area around Tunis, Tunisia, North Africa.SubjectsClustered random sample of 724 households.ResultsOne-third of the households used LSM, two-thirds used either type of supermarket, but less than 5 % used supermarkets only. Those who shopped for food at supermarkets were of higher socio-economic status; those who used LSM were much wealthier, more often had a steady income or owned a credit card, while MSM users were more urban and had a higher level of education. Most households still frequently used traditional outlets, mostly their neighbourhood grocer. Reasons given for shopping at the different retailers were most markedly leisure for LSM, while for the neighbourhood grocer the reasons were fidelity, proximity and availability of credit (the latter even more for lower-income customers).ConclusionsThe results pertain to the transition in food shopping practices in a south Mediterranean country; they should be considered in the context of growing inequalities in health linked to the nutritional transition, as they differentiate use and motivations for the choice of supermarkets v. traditional food retailers according to socio-economic status.

scholarly journals Is participation in food and income assistance programmes associated with obesity in California adults? Results from a state-wide survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy W Leung ◽  
Eduardo Villamor
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
California Health Interview Survey ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

AbstractObjectivePublic assistance programmes may increase risk of obesity among adults. The current study assessed whether participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP; formerly the Food Stamp Program), Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or California Work Opportunities and Responsibilities to Kids (CalWorks) was associated with obesity, independent of socio-economic status and food insecurity.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of the 2007 Adult California Health Interview Survey. Outcome measures included BMI and obesity. Distribution of BMI and prevalence of obesity were compared by participation in each programme, using weighted linear and binomial regression models in which BMI or obesity was the outcome, respectively, and programme participation was the predictor.SettingA population survey of various health measures.SubjectsNon-institutionalized adults (n 7741) whose household income was ≤130 % of the federal poverty level.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity was 27·4 %. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, food insecurity and participation in other programmes, the prevalence of obesity was 30 % higher in SNAP participants (95 % CI 6 %, 59 %; P = 0·01) than in non-participants. This association was more pronounced among men than women. SSI participation was related to an adjusted 50 % higher prevalence of obesity (95 % CI 27 %, 77 %; P < 0·0001) compared with no participation. SNAP and SSI participants also reported higher soda consumption than non-participants of any programme. CalWorks participation was not associated with obesity after multivariable adjustment.ConclusionsParticipation in SNAP or SSI was associated with obesity independent of food insecurity or socio-economic status. The suggestion that these associations may be mediated by dietary quality warrants further investigation among low-income populations.

scholarly journals KUALITAS DIET DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI, STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI, DAN STATUS GIZI

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurul Muslihah ◽  
Sri Winarsih ◽  
Soemardini Soemardini ◽  
AS. Zakaria ◽  
Zainudiin Zainudiin
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Quality Diet

The objective of study was to assess the diet quality and its relation to nutrition knowledge, body mass index (BMI), and socio economic status (SES) among adults person. The cross sectional study was conducted with 100 adults aged ≥25 years old from Kedung Kandang sub district, Malang. Dietary quality was assessed using two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and semi quantitative FFQ. Nutrition knowledge questionnaire was modified from Parmenter and Wardle. The most subjects were middle SES and the BMI were normal and overweight. The average of diet quality score was 7.14±1.96 with dietary diversity score 1.93±0.43; micronutrient adequacy score 2.3±1.4; prevention NCD score 2.87±0.92. Nutrition knowledge score was 43.3±24.6 with dietary recommendation 9.3±3.6; sources of nutrients 14±11.5; choosing foods 6.3±4.9; diet-disease relationships 13.7±8.6. Nutrition knowledge score was no correlation with BMI, dietary diversity, prevention NCD score, but positively associated with SES, quality diet, micronutrient adequacy score. SES was no associated with BMI and quality diet index. Dietary diversity score was associated with BMI. Diet quality score was associated with nutrition knowledge but no correlation with BMI and SES. The conclusion is diet quality and nutrition knowledge was still poor and not correlated with BMI and SES, but only nutrition knowledge score.<br /><br />

scholarly journals GENDERED LEISURE ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR AMONG NORWEGIAN ADOLESCENTS ACROSS DIFFERENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS GROUPS

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Leversen ◽  
Torbjorn Torsheim ◽  
Oddrun Samdal
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Nationally Representative

The present paper explores gendered behavior based on participation patterns of leisure activities among adolescents across socio-economic status (SES) groups, aiming to increase knowledge and understanding of how gender socialization processes are expressed through boys’ and girls’ participation in leisure activities. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate whether such gendered behavior is associated with general levels of participation, and if there may be differences between low, middle, and high SES groups. The study used Norwegian nationally representative data of 15- and 16-year-olds from the World Health Organization's cross-sectional survey, <em>Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2005/06</em> (<em>n</em> = 3,273). Logistic regression analysis and propensity scores showed that adolescent boys and girls had clear gendered behavior patterns based on leisure activity participation in 27 different activities, and that boys and girls had about equal distributions on what was classified as typical (“boyish” or “girlish”), atypical, and neutral gender behavior. Furthermore, gendered behavior was correlated with higher levels of participation for both sexes, and it was more or less similar for boys and girls and for different socio-economic status groups. However, when investigating differences in distributions between SES groups, high SES girls were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of both “boyish” and “girlish” activity behavior, but less “gender-neutral” compared with girls in medium and low SES groups. There were no such differences for boys.

scholarly journals Assessment of anaemia in adolescent girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant V. Upadhye ◽  
Jayshree J. Upadhye
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: The world’s adolescent population is facing a series of serious nutritional challenges which are not only affecting their growth and development but also their livelihood as adults. Yet, adolescents remain a largely neglected, difficult to measure and hard to reach population, in which the needs of adolescent girls in particular, are often ignored. Anemia in adolescent girls contributes to maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity in future. The objective of the study was to estimate the frequency of anemia among adolescent girls, to study the socio-demographic factors associated with anemia and to evaluate the cause and type of anaemia.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in an urban area in a school. A total of 300 girls (12-18 years) were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done using percentage, standard error of proportion, Chi-square test and student’s t-test.Results: The prevalence of anemia was found to be 90%. A significant association of anemia was found with socio-economic status and literacy status of parents. Mean height and weight of subjects with anemia was significantly less than subjects without anemia. A high prevalence of anemia among adolescent females was found, among those whose parents were less educated.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of anemia among adolescent females was found to be 90%. There is significant association of anemia with socio-economic status and parents' educational status. There is need to increase awareness of anemia in adolescent girls and parents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document