scholarly journals Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is associated with insulin resistance in Brazilian children, regardless of body fat distribution

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 2878-2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Cupertino Milagres ◽  
Naruna Pereira Rocha ◽  
Mariana de Santis Filgueiras ◽  
Fernanda Martins de Albuquerque ◽  
Ana Paula Pereira Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors, controlled by adiposity, in a representative sample of prepubescent children.DesignCross-sectional population-based study. Body composition was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Anthropometric measures and blood pressure were performed. Laboratory analyses were performed to determine the levels of vitamin D (25-hydroxyitamin D; 25(OH)D), glucose, insulin, serum lipids and intact parathyroid hormone. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24 h recalls.SettingViçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2015.SubjectsRepresentative sample of 378 children aged 8 and 9 years from urban schools.ResultsInadequate serum concentrations of 25(OH)D were diagnosed in more than half of the children and none of them met the recommended vitamin D intake. After adjusting for confounding factors in the multiple regression analysis, lower prevalence of insulin resistance and hypertriacylglycerolaemia was found in children with serum 25(OH)D levels ≥75 nmol/l (prevalence ratio=0·25; 95 % CI 0·08, 0·85) and ≥50 nmol/l (prevalence ratio=0·61; 95 % CI 0·37, 0·99), respectively. However, after adjusting for different indicators of adiposity, insulin resistance remained independently associated and the association with hypertriacylglycerolaemia was lost after adjusting for central adiposity. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was associated with the number of cardiometabolic alterations in children.ConclusionsThe study results showed that prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was high among the children and insulin resistance was the main cardiometabolic alteration associated with this condition, even in a tropical climate country such as Brazil.

scholarly journals Association of vitamin D insufficiency with adiposity and metabolic disorders in Brazilian adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata MS Oliveira ◽  
Juliana F Novaes ◽  
Lorena M Azeredo ◽  
Ana Paula C Cândido ◽  
Isabel CG Leite
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Central City ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Dietary Record

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of deficiency/insufficiency of vitamin D in adolescents and its relationship to overweight and metabolic disorders.DesignCross-sectional study. Nutritional status was assessed by BMI according to WHO recommendations. Dietary intake was evaluated using a 3 d dietary record. The biochemical evaluation comprised measurements of serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, calcidiol (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment. Body composition and blood pressure were assessed.SettingFifteen schools (eight public and seven private) in the central city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil.SubjectsThe analysis included a study population of 160 adolescents (seventy-seven eutrophic and eighty-three overweight) aged 15 to 17 years.ResultsVitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed in 1·25 and 70·6 % of adolescents, respectively. Serum 25(OH)D levels were statistically lower in adolescents with weight excess, abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, higher levels of parathyroid hormone, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and hypertension (P < 0·05). Lower BMI and waist circumference were observed in the third (highest) tertile of vitamin D intake for all adolescents. The high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is primarily nutritional and reflects a low vitamin D intake.ConclusionsOur results support the negative association among serum 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D intake with non-skeletal outcomes in Brazilian adolescents. Vitamin D fortification of foods and/or the use of vitamin D supplements need to be considered to raise vitamin D intake in the adolescent population, even in a sunny country like Brazil.

Association of Sunlight Exposure and Consumption of Vitamin D-Rich Foods During Pregnancy with Adverse Birth Outcomes in an African Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-536
Author(s):  
Hamudat Balogun ◽  
Jouni J K Jaakkola ◽  
A Kofi Amegah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Our objective was to assess whether dietary vitamin D (vitD) intake and sunlight exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth outcomes in a healthy Ghanaian population. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study that included 703 mother-infant pairs accessing postnatal services at the five main health facilities in Cape Coast, Ghana was conducted in 2016. Information on sunlight exposure practices and consumption of vitD-rich foods during pregnancy was collected. Results A 1 µg increase in vitD intake resulted in a statistically significant 0.00505 weeks increase in gestational age (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00005, 0.01004). Mothers classified in the first quartile of vitD intake had 37% (prevalence ratio = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.69) increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) compared to their counterparts classified in the fourth quartile. Decreased vitD intake was also associated with low-to-moderate Apgar score. Conclusion Nutrition education of mothers on the importance of screening for vitD deficiency during early months of pregnancy is recommended.

Association between anthropometric measures and insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents: data from the national study of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents – ERICA

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Cristina Pazin ◽  
Sandro Silva da Matta ◽  
José Rocha Faria-Neto ◽  
Katia Vergetti Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
National Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives To evaluate anthropometric measures (AM) and insulin resistance (IR) association in adolescents aged 12–17 years and investigates how body mass index (BMI) interrelates with specific indicators of fat distribution in this association. Methods This analysis is from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a national, cross-sectional study. AM was categorized by quartiles, and their means and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. The prevalence of IR was estimated for each AM according to the quartiles. The associations between AM and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were analyzed using Poisson models. Results 37,892 adolescents were included. IR prevalence tended to increase as quartiles increased for each AM. The association of BMI with IR persisted with the adjustment for others AM. The greatest reduction in the association’s strength was achieved with the adjustment by the waist circumference (WC) and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Most other AM were also associated with IR. Conclusion AM has a positive association with the prevalence of IR, and the joint effect of BMI and central adiposity measures should be considered in cardiometabolic risk evaluation in adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among three immigrant groups in Finland: evidence from a population-based study using standardised 25-hydroxyvitamin D data

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1254-1265
Author(s):  
Folasade A Adebayo ◽  
Suvi T Itkonen ◽  
Eero Lilja ◽  
Tuija Jääskeläinen ◽  
Annamari Lundqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Migrant Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractObjective:We investigated the determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [S-25(OH)D] and dietary vitamin D sources among three immigrant groups in Finland and compared their S-25(OH)D to the general Finnish population.Design:Cross-sectional population-based Migrant Health and Wellbeing Study and the nationally representative Finnish Health 2011 Survey. S-25(OH)D was standardised according to the Vitamin D Standardisation Program. Vitamin D sources were assessed by interview.Setting:Six different municipalities in Finland (60°–63°N).Participants:Immigrants aged 18–64 years (446 Russians, 346 Somalis, 500 Kurds), 798 Finns aged 30–64 years.Results:The mean of S-25(OH)D was 64 (95 % CI 62, 66), 44 (95 % CI 41, 46), 35 (95 % CI 34, 37) and 64 (95 % CI 62, 66) nmol/l for Russians, Somalis, Kurds and Finns, respectively. S-25(OH)D among Somalis and Kurds was lower compared with Finns (P < 0·001). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (S-25(OH)D <30 nmol/l) and insufficiency (S-25(OH)D <50 nmol/l) was higher among immigrants than Finns (P < 0·001). Vitamin D-rich foods differed between the groups; vitamin D-fortified fat spread consumption was higher among Somalis (91 %) than among Russians (73 %) and Kurds (60 %); fish was less consumed among Kurds (17 %) than among Russians (43 %) and Somalis (38 %); and 57 % Russians, 56 % Kurds and 36 % Somalis consumed vitamin D-fortified dairy daily (P < 0·001 for all). Daily smoking, alcohol consumption and winter blood sampling were determinants of vitamin D insufficiency (P ≤ 0·03). Older age, physical activity, fish and vitamin D-fortified dairy consumption were associated with lower odds of insufficiency (P ≤ 0·04).Conclusions:Vitamin D status differed among immigrant groups and the determinants are, to some degree, associated with learned or existing cultural behaviours.

scholarly journals Associations between low consumption of fruits and vegetables and nutritional deficiencies in Brazilian schoolchildren

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 927-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Aparecida Augusto ◽  
Fernanda Cobayashi ◽  
Marly Augusto Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consumption Frequency

AbstractObjectiveWe examined associations between the frequency of fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and nutritional deficiencies among Brazilian schoolchildren.DesignA cross-sectional, population-based study was performed. A short FFQ was used to assess consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) over the past month. The prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 % confidence intervals for stunting, obesity, anaemia, vitamin A and folate deficiencies, vitamin E and vitamin D insufficiencies were estimated for low F&V consumption frequency (vegetables ≤3 times/month and fruits ≤3 times/week) and compared with children with usual F&V consumption frequency (vegetables ≥1 time/week and fruits ≥4 times/week).SettingAcrelândia, Western Brazilian Amazon.SubjectsA total of 702 children aged 4–10 years.ResultsOnly 5 % of children consumed F&V ≥5 times/d. Prevalence of deficiency was 31 %, 15 %, 9 % and 2 % for vitamins D, A, E and folate, respectively. Overall, 6·3 % of children were anaemic, 3·3 % were stunted, 2·7 % were obese and 33 % had multiple nutritional deficiencies. Low frequency of F&V consumption was associated with lower plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin E. Nutritional deficiencies were higher among non-consumers of F&V when compared with usual consumers: anaemia (PR=1·9; 95 % CI 1·0, 3·7), vitamin E insufficiency (PR=2·5; 95 % CI 1·5, 4·2), vitamin D insufficiency (PR=1·5; 95 % CI 1·1, 1·9) and stunting (PR=2·6; 95 % CI 1·1, 6·1).ConclusionsIn our study, the occurrence of nutritional deficiencies in children with low F&V consumption was twice as high as in children with usual F&V consumption, reinforcing the importance of effective actions to promote the consumption of F&V.

scholarly journals 25(OH)D was Correlated with Increased Risk of Insulin Resistance, but Not Mediated by Adiponectin and hsCRP

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Anggi Kartikawati ◽  
Yani Lina ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that change of calcium and vitamin D homeostasis is associated with insulin resistance, decreased beta cell function, metabolic syndrome, glucose intolerance and diabetes. Evidence suggests that vitamin D insufficiency is inversely related to risk of metabolic disorders including type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), although the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood. Hence, current study was conducted to investigate correlation between 25(OH)D and insulin resistance through adiponectin or High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) in centrally obese men.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 80 centrally obese men with waist circumference (WC) >90 cm and age 30-60 years. Total 25(OH)D concentration was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Insulin resistance was calculated by HOMA model.RESULTS: This study showed there was no correlation of 25(OH)D-WC (r=0.006 and p=0.957), 25(OH)D-adiponectin (r=0.179 and p=0.111) abd 25(OH)D-hsCRP (r=-0.223 and p=0.334), but we observed  statistically significant negative correlation between 25(OH)D and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (r=0.461 and p=0.041).CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that low 25(OH)D concentration was significantly associated with increased risk of insulin resistance. Since  the adiponectin or hsCRP was not correlated, the possible pathways need to be futher investigated.KEYWORDS: central obesity, 25(OH)D, adiponectin, hsCRP, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)

scholarly journals Prevalence of health services usage and associated factors in the Amazon region of Brazil: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e017966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elizete A Araujo ◽  
Marcus T Silva ◽  
Tais F Galvao ◽  
Mauricio G Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physician Visits

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of healthcare use and associated factors in the Manaus metropolitan region and to describe the reasons for lack of access.DesignCross-sectional population-based study.SettingA survey conducted between May and August of 2015 in eight cities from Manaus metropolitan region, Amazonas, Brazil.Participants4001 adults ≥18 years of age.Primary outcomes measuresPhysician visits, dentist visits and hospitalisations in the last 12 months were the primary outcomes. Associated factors were investigated through the calculation of prevalence ratio (PR) obtained by hierarchical Poisson regression modelling.Results4001 adults were included in the study, 53% of whom were women. The self-reported prevalence of medical visits was 77% (95% CI 75% to 77%); dentist visits, 36% (95% CI 34% to 37%) and hospital admission, 7% (95% CI 6% to 7%). Physician visits were higher in women PR=1.18 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.23), the elderly PR=1.18 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.26) and people with health insurance PR=1.14 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.19). Dentist visits declined with older age PR=0.38 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.49), lower education level PR=0.62 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.74) and lower economic class PR=0.65 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.75). Hospitalisations were found to be twice as frequent for women than for men and three times as frequent among those who reported very poor health status. Among the individuals who did not receive medical attention in the previous 2 weeks, 58% reported lack of facilities or appointment unavailable and 14% reported lack of doctors.ConclusionWhile more than half visited the doctor in the last year, a lower proportion of people with socioeconomic inequities visited the dentist. Organisational and service policies are needed to increase equity in health services in the region.

Sex Dependent Association of Vitamin D with Insulin Resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Chang Chu ◽  
Cornelia Doebis ◽  
Volker von Baehr ◽  
Berthold Hocher
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entire Study

Abstract Background Animal studies suggested that vitamin D might decrease insulin resistance. Estrogen increased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in rodents. However, sex-specific association of vitamin D with insulin resistance in humans remains unclear. Objectives To investigate the sex-dependency of the association of insulin resistance and 25(OH)D in a large Caucasian population. Methods Cross-sectional study from out-patients’ blood samples with measurements of 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR drawn at exactly the same day (N=1887). This cohort was divided into three groups: i) group with vitamin D deficiency (n=1190), ii) group with vitamin D sufficiency (N=686)), iii) vitamin D excess groups (n=11), the vitamin D excess group was excluded from further analysis due to the small size. Results Analysis of the entire study population showed that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely associated with HOMA-IR (rs=-0.19, P&lt;0.0001). When considering the vitamin D status, this association was only seen in the vitamin D deficiency group, but not in the vitamin D sufficient group. The correlation was sex-dependent: HOMA-IR was inversely correlated with vitamin D in women with vitamin D deficiency (rs=-0.26, P&lt;0.0001) but not in men with vitamin D deficiency (rs=0.01, P=0.714). After multivariate linear regression analysis considering confounding factors, this relationship was again only seen in women. Conclusion Vitamin D was inversely and independently associated with insulin resistance only in women with vitamin D deficiency. Based on our data, we suggest that in particular vitamin D deficient women might benefit from vitamin D substitution by improving insulin resistance. This, however, needs to be proven in adequately designed double-blind placebo-controlled clinical studies.

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