scholarly journals Dose–response association of dietary sodium intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Linear Association ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveHigh Na intake has been associated with different health problems. However, serious controversies exist over studies investigating associations of Na intake with mortality from all-causes and CVD. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was done to investigate, for the first time, the dose–response association of dietary Na intake with all-cause and CVD mortality among prospective studies.DesignRelevant papers published up to August 2017 were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases. Prospective cohort studies on the association of dietary Na intake with all-cause or/and CVD mortality were included. Linear and non-linear dose–response associations between Na intake and CVD and all-cause mortality were examined.ResultsOverall, twenty publications met inclusion criteria. A significant non-linear association (P<0·001) was found between Na intake and CVD mortality risk among studies assessing urinary Na excretion, with a relatively steep slope at Na intakes above 2400mg/d. However, the association was not significant in studies using dietary Na intake (P=0·61). Additionally, the non-linear association of Na intake with all-cause mortality was also non-significant. No linear association (effect size; 95 % CI; I2) was seen between 100mg/d increment in Na intake and CVD mortality (1·01; 0·97, 1·05; 98·4 %) or all-cause mortality (1·01; 1·00, 1·02; 89·2 %). Following subgroup analyses, the association between Na intake and CVD mortality was observed only among studies conducted in the USA (0·99; 0·99, 1·00; 20·0 %).ConclusionsThe study showed a direct association between urinary Na excretion and CVD mortality which was more considerable at intakes above 2400mg/d. In contrast, no significant association was found between Na intake and all-cause mortality. Further long-term prospective studies on different populations are required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Dose–response effect of postprocedural elevated cardiac troponin level on adverse clinical outcomes following adult noncardiac surgery: a systematic review protocol of prospective studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046223
Author(s):  
Tao An ◽  
Yue Tian ◽  
Jingfei Guo ◽  
Wenying Kang ◽  
Tao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Review Protocol

IntroductionMyocardial injury after noncardiac surgery has been recognised as an important complication associated with short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. However, whether a higher level of postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) is associated with a higher incidence of major complications remains controversial. Hence, we will conduct a comprehensive dose–response meta-analysis based on all relevant prospective studies to quantitatively evaluate the association between elevated postoperative cTn levels and short-/long-term adverse clinical outcomes following adult noncardiac surgery.MethodsWe will search the PubMed, EMBase, Cochrane Library, ISI Knowledge via Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and VIP databases (from inception until October 2020) to identify all prospective cohort studies using the relevant keywords. The primary outcome will be all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Univariable or multivariable meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be conducted for the comparison between elevated versus nonelevated categories of postoperative cTn levels. Sensitivity analyses will be used to assess the robustness of our results by removing each included study at one time to obtain and evaluate the remaining overall estimates of all-cause mortality or MACE. To conduct a dose–response meta-analysis for the potential linear or restricted cubic spline regression relationship between postoperative elevated cTn levels and all-cause mortality or MACE, studies with three or more categories will be included.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is waived for the systematic review protocol according to the Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital. This meta-analysis will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020173175.

scholarly journals Incidence, risk factors and prognostic effect of imaging right ventricular involvement in patients with COVID-19: a dose–response analysis protocol for systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e049866
Author(s):  
Chenghui Zhou ◽  
Baohui Lou ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Hushan Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Incidence Risk

IntroductionEmerging evidence has shown that COVID-19 infection may result in right ventricular (RV) disturbance and be associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarise the incidence, risk factors and the prognostic effect of imaging RV involvement in adult patients with COVID-19.MethodsA systematical search will be performed in PubMed, EMBase, ISI Knowledge via Web of Science and preprint databases (MedRxiv and BioRxiv) (until October 2021) to identify all cohort studies in adult patients with COVID-19. The primary outcome will be the incidence of RV involvement (dysfunction and/or dilation) assessed by echocardiography, CT or MRI. Secondary outcomes will include the risk factors for RV involvement and their association with all-cause mortality during hospitalisation. Additional outcomes will include the RV global or free wall longitudinal strain (RV-GLS or RV-FWLS), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC) and RV diameter. Univariable or multivariable meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be performed for the study design and patient characteristics (especially acute or chronic pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension). Sensitivity analyses will be used to assess the robustness of our results by removing each included study at one time to obtain and evaluate the remaining overall estimates of RV involvement incidence and related risk factors, association with all-cause mortality, and other RV parameters (RV-GLS or RV-FWLS, TAPSE, S’, FAC and RV diameter). Both linear and cubic spline regression models will be used to explore the dose–response relationship between different categories (>2) of RV involvement and the risk of mortality (OR or HR).Ethics and disseminationThere was no need for ethics approval for the systematic review protocol according to the Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital. This meta-analysis will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021231689.

scholarly journals Dietary and circulating vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and risk of total cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1872-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Ali Rashidy-Pour ◽  
Mohammad Parohan ◽  
Mahdieh Sadat Zargar ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe present review aimed to quantify the association of dietary intake and circulating concentration of major dietary antioxidants with risk of total CVD mortality.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingSystematic search in PubMed and Scopus, up to October 2017.ParticipantsProspective observational studies reporting risk estimates of CVD mortality across three or more categories of dietary intakes and/or circulating concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsA total of fifteen prospective cohort studies and three prospective evaluations within interventional studies (320 548 participants and 16 974 cases) were analysed. The relative risks of CVD mortality for the highest v. the lowest category of antioxidant intakes were as follows: vitamin C, 0·79 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·89; I2=46 %, n 10); vitamin E, 0·91 (95 % CI 0·79, 1·03; I2=51 %, n 8); β-carotene, 0·89 (95 % CI 0·73, 1·05; I2=34 %, n 4). The relative risks for circulating concentrations were: vitamin C, 0·60 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·78; I2=65 %, n 6); α-tocopherol, 0·82 (95 % CI 0·76, 0·88; I2=0 %, n 5); β-carotene, 0·68 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·83; I2=50 %, n 6). Dose–response meta-analyses demonstrated that the circulating biomarkers of antioxidants were more strongly associated with risk of CVD mortality than dietary intakes.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis demonstrates that higher vitamin C intake and higher circulating concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E and β-carotene are associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality.

scholarly journals Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Poggio ◽  
Laura Gutierrez ◽  
María G Matta ◽  
Natalia Elorriaga ◽  
Vilma Irazola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to determine whether elevated dietary Na intake could be associated with CVD mortality.DesignWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies representing the general population. The adjusted relative risks and their 95 % confidence intervals were pooled by the inverse variance method using random-effects models. Heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed.SettingsMEDLINE (since 1973), Embase (since 1975), the Cochrane Library (since 1976), ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar (until September 2013) and secondary referencing were searched for inclusion in the study.SubjectEleven prospective studies with 229 785 participants and average follow-up period of 13·37 years (range 5·5–19 years).ResultsHigher Na intake was significantly associated with higher CVD mortality (relative risk=1·12; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·19). In the sensitivity analysis, the exclusion of studies with important relative weights did not significantly affect the results (relative risk=1·08; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·15). The meta-regression analysis showed that for every increase of 10 mmol/d in Na intake, CVD mortality increased significantly by 1 % (P=0·016). Age, hypertensive status and length of follow-up were also associated with increased CVD mortality.ConclusionsHigher Na intake was associated with higher CVD mortality in the general population; this result suggests a reduction in Na intake to prevent CVD mortality from any cause.

scholarly journals Fish consumption and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar ◽  
Saragol Eimeri ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Linear Dose ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThere are some indications of regional differences in the association between fish consumption and clinical outcomes. We aimed to test the linear and potential non-linear dose–response relationships between fish consumption and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality, and possible confounding by region.DesignSystematic review and dose–response meta-analysis.SettingSystematic search using PubMed and Scopus, from inception up to September 2016.SubjectsProspective observational studies reporting the estimates of all-cause and CVD mortality in relation to three or more categories of fish intake were included. Random-effects dose–response meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsFourteen prospective cohort studies (ten publications) with 911 348 participants and 75 451 incident deaths were included. A 20 g/d increment in fish consumption was significantly and inversely associated with the risk of CVD mortality (relative risk=0·96; 95 % CI 0·94, 0·98; I2=0 %, n 8) and marginally and inversely associated with the risk of all-cause mortality (relative risk=0·98; 95 % CI 0·97, 1·00; I2=81·9 %, n 14). Subgroup analysis resulted in a significant association only in the subgroup of Asian studies, compared with Western studies, in both analyses. Analysis of Western studies suggested a nearly U-shaped association, with a nadir at fish consumption of ~20 g/d in analysis of both outcomes. Meanwhile, the associations appeared to be linear in Asian studies.ConclusionsThere was potential evidence of regional differences in the association between fish consumption and mortality. It may be helpful to examine the associations by considering types of fish consumed and methods of fish preparation.

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