Autonomy and the Idea of Freedom: Some Reflections on Groundwork III

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-248
Author(s):  
Andrews Reath
Keyword(s):  
General Feature ◽  
Final Section ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Rational Agency ◽  
Moral Conception ◽  
Normative Standards ◽  
Relevant Domain ◽  
Normative Content

AbstractThis article explores a set of questions about the ‘idea of freedom’ that Kant introduces in the fourth paragraph of Groundwork III. I develop a reading that supports treating it as a normative notion and brings out its normative content in some detail. I argue that we should understand the idea as follows: that it is a general feature of reasoning and judgement that it understands itself to be a correct or sound application of the normative standards of the relevant domain of cognition, not influenced by irrelevant or external factors. Reasoning and judgement are thus normatively committed to these standards of correctness. A second and related concern is to explore connections between the idea of freedom and Kant’s conception of autonomy and to identify different points at which autonomy plays a role in the argument of Groundwork III. In the final section, I mine the idea of freedom for a set of normative commitments specific to rational agency that play a foundational role in Kant’s moral conception.

scholarly journals The Ethics of Political Alliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan White
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Normative Standards

Usually pictured in relations of opposition, political parties are sometimes inclined to make alliances. This article examines the ethical questions such arrangements give rise to. It considers first the formal characteristics of an alliance as a distinctive form of association, moving on to examine what reasons for alliance are good reasons. Intrinsic arguments that invoke epistemic or democratic criteria, and instrumental arguments that cite areas of shared programme or imperfect institutions, are weighed in turn, with the latter judged to be more consistent with the partisan ethos. The final section examines the normative standards to which alliances should be held once formed.

Interactive Experience and Identification as Predictors of Attributing Responsibility in Video Games

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Nathan Walter ◽  
Yariv Tsfati
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Theoretical Expectation ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Violent Video Game ◽  
Grand Theft Auto Iv ◽  
Interactive Experience

Abstract. This study examines the effect of interactivity on the attribution of responsibility for the character’s actions in a violent video game. Through an experiment, we tested the hypothesis that identification with the main character in Grand Theft Auto IV mediates the effect of interactivity on attributions of responsibility for the main character’s antisocial behavior. Using the framework of the fundamental attribution error, we demonstrated that those who actually played the game, as opposed to those who simply watched someone else playing it, identified with the main character. In accordance with the theoretical expectation, those who played the game and came to identify with the main character attributed the responsibility for his actions to external factors such as “living in a violent society.” By contrast, those who did not interact with the game attributed responsibility for the character’s actions to his personality traits. These findings could be viewed as contrasting with psychological research suggesting that respondents should have distanced themselves from the violent protagonist rather than identifying with him, and with Iyengar’s (1991) expectation that more personalized episodic framing would be associated with attributing responsibility to the protagonist.

MARS — Its Tenth Anniversary of Operation and its Future

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
G. S. Lodwick ◽  
C. R. Wickizer ◽  
E. Dickhaus
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Computer Scientist ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Complete Bibliography ◽  
The University ◽  
Economic Considerations

The Missouri Automated Radiology System recently passed its tenth year of clinical operation at the University of Missouri. This article presents the views of a radiologist who has been instrumental in the conceptual development and administrative support of MARS for most of this period, an economist who evaluated MARS from 1972 to 1974 as part of her doctoral dissertation, and a computer scientist who has worked for two years in the development of a Standard MUMPS version of MARS. The first section provides a historical perspective. The second deals with economic considerations of the present MARS system, and suggests those improvements which offer the greatest economic benefits. The final section discusses the new approaches employed in the latest version of MARS, as well as areas for further application in the overall radiology and hospital environment. A complete bibliography on MARS is provided for further reading.

Pengembangan Butik Muslim yang Terkait dengan Pelayanan Prima dan Kualitas Produk pada Butik Firta Collection

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Esust Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Customer Trust

This study aims to analyze how strategic management in the Firta Collection Boutique to develop its business, especially in providing services to customers. The method used in this research is a qualitative method that includes Marketing Mix (4P Analysis) and SWOT Analysis, to find out what external factors are opportunities or threats to the Firta Collection Boutique. The results of the study show that the strategies adopted by the Firta Collection Boutique are still inappropriate and need to use other strategies. Changes in the external environment have continued to increase so that it is an opportunity and anticipates threats by utilizing strengths and minimizing weaknesses by innovating and improving approaches and gaining customer trust in product quality, in order to compete in the fashion sector.

External Factors of Big Business Transformation in Russia

2005 ◽  
pp. 72-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. Pappe ◽  
Ya. Galukhina
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Big Business ◽  
Business Transformation ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Principal Subject

The paper is devoted to the role of the global financial market in the development of Russian big business. It proves that terms and standards posed by this market as well as opportunities it offers determine major changes in Russian big business in the last three years. The article examines why Russian companies go abroad to attract capital and provides data, which indicate the scope of this phenomenon. It stresses the effects of Russian big business’s interaction with the world capital market, including the modification of the principal subject of Russian big business from integrated business groups to companies and the changes in companies’ behavior: they gradually move away from the so-called Russian specifics and adopt global standards.

Problems of Science and Its Effectiveness

2011 ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Varshavsky
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Management ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academic Sector

The article considers current problems of Russia´s science. Special attention is paid to external factors that negatively influence its effectiveness including considerable lag in public management sector. The issues of opposing higher education sector to the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) are also discussed. A number of indicators of the Russian science and its academic sector effectiveness are presented. The expediency of comparing scientific results with R&D expenditures is shown. The problems connected with using bibliometric methods are discussed. Special attention is paid to the necessity of preserving and further developing Russian science including RAS.

Why byloti dievop ‘speak to God’, but prašyti dieviep ‘ask God’?

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 137-173
Author(s):  
Eglė Žilinskaitė-Šinkūnienė
Keyword(s):  
General Feature ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Historical Usage

The paper aims to investigate the historical usage of two local cases, namely the Allative and the Adessive, governed by verba dicendi in Old Lithuanian. In Mikalojus Daukša’s Postil (1599) the Allative occurs with verbs of address and denotes the Addressee as a Goal of a verbal act. The Adessive, however, is governed by predicates of request and conveys the Source of a desired item. To verify whether this is part of Daukša’s idiolect or a general feature of Lithuanian at the beginning of its written period, the data from DP are compared to the texts of two other varieties of written Lithuanian of the 16th–17th century: Jonas Bretkūnas’ Postil (1591) and Konstantinas Sirvydas’ Punktay sakimu (two parts, 1629 and 1644). In order to explain the motivation for this usage, dialectal and typological data are used.  

Role of the Structural Characteristics of Dendrimers in the Manifestation of the Antiamyloid Properties

INEOS OPEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Sorokina ◽  
◽  
Yu. Yu. Stroilova ◽  
V. I. Muronets ◽  
Z. B. Shifrina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Short Review ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Amyloid Aggregation ◽  
Amyloid Proteins ◽  
Molecular Parameters ◽  
Amyloid Aggregates ◽  
Aggregation Processes

Among the compounds able to efficiently inhibit the amyloid aggregation of proteins and decompose the amyloid aggregates that cause neurodegenerative diseases, of particular interest are dendrimers, which represent individual macromolecules with the hypercrosslinked architectures and given molecular parameters. This short review outlines the peculiarities of the antiamyloid activity of dendrimers and discusses the effect of dendrimer structures and external factors on their antiamyloid properties. The potential of application of dendrimers in further investigations on the aggregation processes of amyloid proteins as the compounds that exhibit the remarkable antiamyloid activity is evaluated.

A new method for quantifying the blocking of coated paperboard

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULINE SKILLINGTON ◽  
YOLANDE R. SCHOEMAN ◽  
VALESKA CLOETE ◽  
PATRICE C. HARTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Fatty Acid Amides ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Definite Period

Blocking is undesired adhesion between two surfaces when subjected to pressure and temperature constraints. Blocking between two coated paperboards in contact with each other may be caused by inter-diffusion, adsorption, or electrostatic forces occurring between the respective coating surfaces. These interactions are influenced by factors such as the temperature, pressure, surface roughness, and surface energy. Blocking potentially can be reduced by adjusting these factors, or by using antiblocking additives such as talc, amorphous silica, fatty acid amides, or polymeric waxes. We developed a method of quantifying blocking using a rheometer. Coated surfaces were put in contact with each other with controlled pressure and temperature for a definite period. We then measured the work necessary to pull the two surfaces apart. This was a reproducible way to accurately quantify blocking. The method was applied to determine the effect external factors have on the blocking tendency of coated paperboards, i.e., antiblocking additive concentration, film thickness, temperature, and humidity.

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