Tephra from Ice—A Simple Method to Routinely Mount, Polish, and Quantitatively Analyze Sparse Fine Particles

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Kuehn ◽  
Duane G. Froese
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Graphite Substrate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Multiple Sample

AbstractA method involving a graphite substrate has been developed for the mounting and analysis of sparse, fine particles from a liquid suspension to enable improved study of volcanic ash (tephra) and atmospheric dust preserved in glacial ice. Unpolished grains may be studied by scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) at full vacuum without the need for a conductive coating due to the close proximity of the underlying graphite. The same grains in the same relative positions may be subsequently examined in polished mounts by a variety of methods including SEM-EDS, electron probe microanalysis, laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and optical microscopy. Particles as small as 3–5 μm may be routinely and easily prepared for analysis as polished grains, and particles of significantly different sizes may be exposed simultaneously. The general approach also offers significant flexibility, including both single- and multiple-sample mounts, and may be adjusted to suit a variety of samples and analytical methods.

A simple equation to correct for gadolinium interference on plasma selenium measurement using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Scott Wilschefski ◽  
Matthew Baxter ◽  
Gertruida Pool
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Plasma Selenium ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis

Background The measurement of selenium in human plasma is useful to assess deficiency or toxicity. The presence of gadolinium in clinical samples following administration of certain contrast agents used for magnetic resonance imaging can cause a significant positive bias in selenium results when measured using quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS). Methods A mathematical equation to correct for gadolinium interference was assessed using both patient samples and commercial quality control/external quality assurance (QC/EQA) materials spiked with gadolinium. Samples were analysed using an Agilent 7900 ICP-MS operated in ‘narrow peak’ (half-mass) mode. Accuracy was evaluated by comparing corrected selenium results with target concentrations. Results Corrected results were found to be accurate at all gadolinium concentrations tested (2, 4, 10 and 20 mg/L). Average recoveries ranged from 97.4 to 106.5%. Results for QC/EQA materials were within specified target ranges. Within-run imprecision was <3%, and between-run imprecision was <4.3%, demonstrating robustness. Conclusions The correction equation described here is a simple method to correct for gadolinium interference on plasma selenium measurement using ICP-MS. This approach eliminates the need for specimen recollections, and improves patient care by reducing laboratory turnaround times and preventing delays in diagnosis/treatment.

scholarly journals The Vitamin A and D Exposure of Cells Affects the Intracellular Uptake of Aluminum Nanomaterials and Its Agglomeration Behavior: A Chemo-Analytic Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian L. Kriegel ◽  
Benjamin-Christoph Krause ◽  
Philipp Reichardt ◽  
Ajay Vikram Singh ◽  
Jutta Tentschert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Metabolic Pattern ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Keratinocyte Cell Line Hacat

Aluminum (Al) is extensively used for the production of different consumer products, agents, as well as pharmaceuticals. Studies that demonstrate neurotoxicity and a possible link to Alzheimer’s disease trigger concern about potential health risks due to high Al intake. Al in cosmetic products raises the question whether a possible interaction between Al and retinol (vitamin A) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) metabolism might exist. Understanding the uptake mechanisms of ionic or elemental Al and Al nanomaterials (Al NMs) in combination with bioactive substances are important for the assessment of possible health risk associated. Therefore, we studied the uptake and distribution of Al oxide (Al2O3) and metallic Al0 NMs in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Possible alterations of the metabolic pattern upon application of the two Al species together with vitamin A or D3 were investigated. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were applied to quantify the cellular uptake of Al NMs.

Juxtaposition of diverse, subduction-related tectonic blocks with contrasting metamorphic features and ages in the Paleoproterozoic Aketashitage orogen, NW China: Implications for Precambrian orogeny

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian W.L. Zhang ◽  
Jia-Hui Liu ◽  
Zhen M.G. Li ◽  
Meng-Yan Shi ◽  
Yi-Chao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Orogenic Belt ◽  
Early Precambrian ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
The North ◽  
Depositional Age

The comprehensive investigation of orogenic-related litho-structural assemblages, metamorphism, and geochronology in early Precambrian orogens can help us better understand the features of plate tectonics in early Earth. The Paleoproterozoic Aketashitage orogenic belt is located at a key position in northwestern China and connects the North China craton, Tarim craton, Altaids orogen, and Tethys orogen. Garnet-bearing mafic and paragneissic granulite occur as interlayers or blocks preserved within paragneissic matrix, and two to three generations of metamorphic mineral assemblages were identified. Geothermobarometry and pseudosection modeling yielded clockwise metamorphic P-T paths passing from 7.5‒8.6 kbar/575‒715 °C (M1) through 7.4‒12.2 kbar/715‒895 °C (M2) and finally to 5.2‒7.3 kbar/710‒800 °C (M3) for the mafic and paragneissic granulite as well as amphibolite, which is indicative of metamorphic features of subduction/collision zones. Peak metamorphic P-T conditions of all the samples lie in the medium P/T facies series, suggesting that the thermal gradient (∼20‒31 °C/km) of this Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt was obviously higher than most of the Phanerozoic subduction zones. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb dating of zircon and monazite yielded metamorphic ages of ca. 1.98−1.96 Ga in the eastern part of the orogen, ca. 1.86−1.85 Ga in the western part, and a maximum depositional age of ca. 2.06 Ga for paragneiss. Compared with previous studies, the Aketashitage orogen is composed of unordered juxtaposition of diverse, subduction-related tectono-metamorphic blocks with different protoliths, metamorphic grades, and ages preserved within the paragneissic matrix deposited in the Paleoproterozoic, which is highly similar to Phanerozoic mélange. A Paleoproterozoic subduction-metamorphic-exhumation-accretionary process was deciphered, similar to that found in accretionary/orogenic wedge in Phanerozoic orogens. The juxtaposition of diverse, subduction-related tectonic blocks with contrasting ages and metamorphic features can serve as a marker of early Precambrian orogens and plate tectonics.

scholarly journals Facile Analytical Methods to Determine the Purity of Titanium Tetrachloride

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dongwook Lim ◽  
Sang-Deuk Kim ◽  
Hyungseok Kong ◽  
Daehyeon Nam ◽  
Sang Eun Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Titanium Tetrachloride ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Quantitative Properties

We propose a simple method to investigate both the qualitative and quantitative properties of titanium tetrachloride. The selection and concentration of the employed solvent were found to be very important in the analysis of highly reactive titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4). Herein, we employed various concentrations of an acid solution to serve as a stabilizing medium. Qualitative analysis was performed via Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Additionally, the quantitative analysis was performed via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). We concluded that both the qualitative and quantitative properties of titanium tetrachloride could be easily measured using a specific acidic solvent as a medium.

scholarly journals Further Characterization of the RW-1 Monazite: A New Working Reference Material for Oxygen and Neodymium Isotopic Microanalysis

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu ◽  
Li ◽  
Ling ◽  
Yang ◽  
Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hydrothermal Activity ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Nd Isotopes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The oxygen (O) and neodymium (Nd) isotopic composition of monazite provides an ideal tracer of metamorphism and hydrothermal activity. Calibration of the matrix effect and monitoring of the external precision of monazite O–Nd isotopes with microbeam techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS), require well-characterized natural monazite standards for precise microbeam measurements. However, the limited number of standards available is impeding the application of monazite O–Nd isotopes. Here, we report on the RW-1 monazite as a potential new working reference material for microbeam analysis of O–Nd isotopes. Microbeam measurements by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), SIMS, and LA-MC-ICPMS at 10–24 µm scales have confirmed that it is homogeneous in both elemental and O–Nd isotopic compositions. SIMS measurements yield δ18O values consistent, within errors, with those obtained by laser fluorination techniques. Precise analyses of Nd isotope by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) are consistent with mean results of LA-MC-ICPMS analyses. We recommend δ18O = 6.30‰ ± 0.16‰ (2SD) and 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512282 ± 0.000011 (2SD) as being the reference values for the RW-1 monazite.

scholarly journals Populus nigra Italica Leaves as a Valuable Tool for Mineralogical and Geochemical Interpretation of Inorganic Atmospheric Aerosols’ Genesis

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Maciej Górka ◽  
Wojciech Bartz ◽  
Alisa Skuridina ◽  
Anna Potysz
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metallic Contaminants ◽  
Ultra Fine Particles

The Olmaliq industrial area in Uzbekistan is believed to represent a risk to the environment and to human health due to the dispersal of contaminants into the air and soil. This study was undertaken to delineate the track of airborne contaminants’ migration and to assess the distribution of such particles deposited on Populus nigra L. cv Italica leaves and soils. Particles were identified using scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), while bulk soil composition was quantified by applying inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of this study confirmed the research hypothesis, indicating the industrial center as a source of pollution and human exposure to metallic contaminants. The Olmaliq area in particular is strongly influenced by atmospheric pollutants from local industries. The spread of ultra-fine particles is mainly governed by the industrial output and the direction of prevailing winds.

Study on Effect Characteristics and Mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus on Albite

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Wang ◽  
Qiong Fang Li ◽  
Fa Qin Dong ◽  
Xin He ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
Soluble Ions

In order to more deeply understand the mechanism between microorganism and atmospheric inhaled mineral fine particles. Albite, the typical mineral fine particle in the atmosphere, was used as the research object. This study investigated the air common bacteria-Staphylococcus aureusacted on albite for 7 days. By inductively coupled plasma (ICP), zeta potentials analyzer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) testing means, we can analyse soluble ions, surface charge, surface groups and surface morphology of albite. The results were listed as followes: 1Staphylococcus aureuscould promote the dissolution of albite, and promote the soluble Si, Al and Fe ions; 2Staphylococcus aureuswould adsorb on albite surface, gave its some characteristics to albite, changed surface charge, and made the zeta potential move in the positive direction. The above results are important for the establishment of the inhaled fine particles of mineral environmental and health impact assessment system.

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