Study on Effect Characteristics and Mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus on Albite

In order to more deeply understand the mechanism between microorganism and atmospheric inhaled mineral fine particles. Albite, the typical mineral fine particle in the atmosphere, was used as the research object. This study investigated the air common bacteria-Staphylococcus aureusacted on albite for 7 days. By inductively coupled plasma (ICP), zeta potentials analyzer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) testing means, we can analyse soluble ions, surface charge, surface groups and surface morphology of albite. The results were listed as followes: 1Staphylococcus aureuscould promote the dissolution of albite, and promote the soluble Si, Al and Fe ions; 2Staphylococcus aureuswould adsorb on albite surface, gave its some characteristics to albite, changed surface charge, and made the zeta potential move in the positive direction. The above results are important for the establishment of the inhaled fine particles of mineral environmental and health impact assessment system.

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Tephra from Ice—A Simple Method to Routinely Mount, Polish, and Quantitatively Analyze Sparse Fine Particles

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927609991322 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 218-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Stephen C. Kuehn ◽

Duane G. Froese

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Graphite Substrate ◽

Simple Method ◽

Glacial Ice ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Liquid Suspension ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Multiple Sample

AbstractA method involving a graphite substrate has been developed for the mounting and analysis of sparse, fine particles from a liquid suspension to enable improved study of volcanic ash (tephra) and atmospheric dust preserved in glacial ice. Unpolished grains may be studied by scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) at full vacuum without the need for a conductive coating due to the close proximity of the underlying graphite. The same grains in the same relative positions may be subsequently examined in polished mounts by a variety of methods including SEM-EDS, electron probe microanalysis, laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and optical microscopy. Particles as small as 3–5 μm may be routinely and easily prepared for analysis as polished grains, and particles of significantly different sizes may be exposed simultaneously. The general approach also offers significant flexibility, including both single- and multiple-sample mounts, and may be adjusted to suit a variety of samples and analytical methods.

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Populus nigra Italica Leaves as a Valuable Tool for Mineralogical and Geochemical Interpretation of Inorganic Atmospheric Aerosols’ Genesis

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11101126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1126

Author(s):

Maciej Górka ◽

Wojciech Bartz ◽

Alisa Skuridina ◽

Anna Potysz

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Populus Nigra ◽

Atmospheric Pollutants ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Metallic Contaminants ◽

Ultra Fine Particles

The Olmaliq industrial area in Uzbekistan is believed to represent a risk to the environment and to human health due to the dispersal of contaminants into the air and soil. This study was undertaken to delineate the track of airborne contaminants’ migration and to assess the distribution of such particles deposited on Populus nigra L. cv Italica leaves and soils. Particles were identified using scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), while bulk soil composition was quantified by applying inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of this study confirmed the research hypothesis, indicating the industrial center as a source of pollution and human exposure to metallic contaminants. The Olmaliq area in particular is strongly influenced by atmospheric pollutants from local industries. The spread of ultra-fine particles is mainly governed by the industrial output and the direction of prevailing winds.

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Occupational Exposure to Fine Particles and Ultrafine Particles in a Steelmaking Foundry

Metals ◽

10.3390/met9020163 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 163 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gabriele Marcias ◽

Jacopo Fostinelli ◽

Andrea Maurizio Sanna ◽

Michele Uras ◽

Simona Catalani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Ultrafine Particles ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Sampling Site ◽

Ultrafine Particle ◽

Metallic Elements ◽

Limit Values ◽

Inductively Coupled

Several studies have shown an increased mortality rate for different types of tumors, respiratory disease and cardiovascular morbidity associated with foundry work. Airborne particles were investigated in a steelmaking foundry using an electric low-pressure impactor (ELPI+™), a Philips Aerasense Nanotracer and traditional sampling equipment. Determination of metallic elements in the collected particles was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The median of ultrafine particle (UFP) concentration was between 4.91 × 103 and 2.33 × 105 part/cm3 (max. 9.48 × 106 part/cm3). Background levels ranged from 1.97 × 104 to 3.83 × 104 part/cm3. Alveolar and deposited tracheobronchial surface area doses ranged from 1.3 × 102 to 8.7 × 103 mm2, and 2.6 × 101 to 1.3 × 103 mm2, respectively. Resulting inhalable and respirable fraction and metallic elements were below limit values set by Italian legislation. A variable concentration of metallic elements was detected in the different fractions of UFPs in relation to the sampling site, the emission source and the size range. This data could be useful in order to increase the knowledge about occupational exposure to fine and ultrafine particles and to design studies aimed to investigate early biological effects associated with the exposure to particulate matter in the foundry industries.

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Inorganic Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Particulate Matter around Industrial Sites in Northern Lebanon

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.324.477 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 324 ◽

pp. 477-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adib Kfoury ◽

P. Yammine ◽

Frederic Ledoux ◽

B. El Khoury ◽

H. El Nakat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Industrial Sites ◽

Soluble Ions ◽

Water Soluble Ions ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Vehicles Emissions ◽

Anthropogenic Contributions

Atmospheric Total Suspended Particles (TSP) were sampled from 16 different points in a coastal industrial region in North Lebanon, between April and October 2008. The samples were analyzed for water soluble ions and metals concentrations using Ion Chromatography (I.C.) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed possible natural contribution to aerosols through sea salt emissions (Na/Cl-/Mg), and crustal sources (K/Fe/Ti). However, ions such as NH4+, NO3-, and SO42- were attributed to secondary aerosols. Finally, the result of the enrichment factor analysis showed that vehicles’ emissions (Zn/Cu/Pb/Ni/V/Cr), quarries (Ca), and phosphate rocks impurities (Zn/Cd/Cu/Pb) were the most important anthropogenic contributions to the metal’s load in the aerosols.

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Distribution and elimination of palladium in rats after 90-day oral administration

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233710362383 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 183-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ivo Iavicoli ◽

Beatrice Bocca ◽

Luca Fontana ◽

Stefano Caimi ◽

Antonio Bergamaschi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Health Impact ◽

The Body ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Kidney Liver

This study determined the distribution in internal organs and the elimination routes in rats after oral administration of potassium hexachloro-palladate. Forty male Wistar rats were exposed for 90 days to 0, 10, 100 and 250 ng/mL of the palladium (Pd) salt in drinking water. Samples of urine and feces were collected on days 1, 30, 60 and 90, while organs (kidney, liver, lung, spleen and bones) and blood were collected at the end of the experiment. Quantification method was based on the sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results indicated that Pd ions were rapidly eliminated from the body. The principal excretion was through the feces (650 ± 72.7 ng/g dry weight, at the Pd dose of 250 ng/mL), but at the higher dosing Pd was also eliminated through the urine (6.16 ± 1.91 ng/mL for the Pd intake of 250 ng/mL). A clear relationship between the Pd ingested dose and the Pd excretion amount was observed mainly in the feces. Absorbed Pd was mostly found in the kidney of rats (124.4 ± 23.0 ng/g dry weight, following the highest dose), while liver, lung, spleen and bones did not accumulate the metal. At the higher dosing, Pd content in the kidney raised proportionally with the Pd dose. Our findings may be useful to help in the understanding of the health impact of Pd dispersed in the environment as well as in identifying appropriate biological indices of Pd exposure.

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Direct Analysis of Solid Sample with Ultrafine Particle Generation/Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1366/0003702874447941 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 970-976 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Akihiro Ono ◽

Masao Saeki ◽

Koichi Chiba

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Ultrafine Particle ◽

Direct Analysis ◽

Spark Discharge ◽

Standard Reference Materials ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Electrode Gap ◽

Particle Generation ◽

Inductively Coupled

An ultrafine particle generation (UFP) system has been developed for the direct analysis of solid metal samples by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry. In this system fine particles are generated from solid samples with the use of a spark discharge and then swept into the ICP. The spark discharge conditions involving the electrode gap and the analytical performance of the ICP system are investigated. Analytical calibration curves are presented for steel samples. The NBS standard reference materials are analyzed by the proposed system.

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The concentration, source apportionment and deposition flux of atmospheric particulate inorganic nitrogen during dust events

10.5194/acp-2016-1183 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jianhua Qi ◽

Ruifeng Zhang ◽

Xiaojing Chen ◽

Xuehui Lin ◽

Huiwang Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Atomic Emission ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Deposition Flux ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Soluble Ions ◽

Dust Events

Abstract. To understand the impacts of long-range transport on particulate inorganic nitrogen associated with dust in downwind areas, aerosol samples were collected in the Qingdao coastal region on dust and non-dust (ND) days in spring from 2008 to 2011. The concentrations of water-soluble ions were measured by ion chromatography, with metal elements detected using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Compared to atmospheric aerosols collected on ND days, samples from dust days exhibited higher concentrations of particles and crustal elements. Total aerosol particle concentrations increased by a factor of 5.9 on average dust days. On dust days, the average concentrations of crustal elements (Sc, Al, Fe, Ca and Mg) increased by over a factor of four relative to those on ND days. The inorganic nitrogen content increased 1.2 to 9.2-fold during some dust events in which storms were weak or slow moving and reactions occurred during transport. By contrast, nitrate and ammonium exhibited very low concentrations (

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Magnetic properties of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles

Open Physics ◽

10.2478/s11534-012-0013-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Niko Guskos ◽

Spiros Glenis ◽

Janusz Typek ◽

Grzegorz Zolnierkiewicz ◽

Pawel Berczynski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Atomic Emission ◽

Magnetic Interactions ◽

Mixed System ◽

X Ray ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Znfe2o4 Nanoparticles

AbstractFine particles of ZnFe2O4 were synthesized by a wet chemical method in the (80 wt.% Fe2O3 + 20 wt.% ZnO) system. The morphological and structural properties of the mixed system were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The major phase was determined to be the ZnFe2O4 spinel with particle size of 11 nm. The magnetic properties of the material were investigated by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in the temperature range from liquid helium to room temperature. A very intense, asymmetric FMR signal from ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles was recorded, which has been analyzed in terms of two Callen-lineshape lines. Temperature dependence of the FMR parameters was obtained from fitting the experimental lines with two component lines. Analysis of the FMR spectra in terms of two separate components indicates the presence of strongly anisotropic magnetic interactions.

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Characterization and Source Identification of Elements and Water-Soluble Ions in Submicrometre Aerosols in Brno and Šlapanice (Czech Republic)

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11070688 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 688 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Pavel Mikuška ◽

Martin Vojtěšek ◽

Kamil Křůmal ◽

Martina Mikušková-Čampulová ◽

Jaroslav Michálek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Combustion Source ◽

Hysplit Model ◽

Cement Factory ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Soluble Ions ◽

Water Soluble Ions

Submicrometre aerosol particles (particulate matter, PM1) were collected in two Czech cities (Brno and Šlapanice) during week campaigns in winter and summer of 2009 and 2010. The aerosols were analysed for 14 elements and 12 water-soluble ions using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry and ion chromatography techniques. The average PM1 mass concentration was 14.4 and 20.4 µg m−3 in Brno and Šlapanice, respectively. Most of the analysed elements and ions exhibit distinct seasonal variability with higher concentrations in winter in comparison to summer. The determined elements and ions together accounted for about 29% of total PM1 mass, ranging between 16% and 44%. Ion species were the most abundant components in collected aerosols, accounting for 27.2% of mass of PM1 aerosols, and elements accounted for 1.8% of mass of PM1 aerosols. One-day backward trajectories were calculated using the Hysplit model to analyse air masses transported towards the sampling sites. The Pearson correlation coefficients between individual PM1 components and PM1 mass and air temperature were calculated. To identify the main aerosol sources, factor analysis was applied. Six factors were identified for each locality. The following sources of PM1 particles were identified in Brno: a municipal incinerator, vehicle exhausts, secondary sulphate, a cement factory, industry and biomass burning. The identified sources in Šlapanice were as follows: a combustion source, coal combustion, a cement factory, a municipal incinerator, vehicle exhausts and industry.

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NsaRS is a cell-envelope-stress-sensing two-component system of Staphylococcus aureus

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.049692-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 157 (8) ◽

pp. 2206-2219 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Stacey L. Kolar ◽

Vijayaraj Nagarajan ◽

Anna Oszmiana ◽

Frances E. Rivera ◽

Halie K. Miller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Cell Envelope ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Divalent Metal Ions ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Two Component ◽

Stress Sensing

Staphylococcus aureus possesses 16 two-component systems (TCSs), two of which (GraRS and NsaRS) belong to the intramembrane-sensing histidine kinase (IM-HK) family, which is conserved within the firmicutes. NsaRS has recently been documented as being important for nisin resistance in S. aureus. In this study, we present a characterization of NsaRS and reveal that, as with other IM-HK TCSs, it responds to disruptions in the cell envelope. Analysis using a lacZ reporter–gene fusion demonstrated that nsaRS expression is upregulated by a variety of cell-envelope-damaging antibiotics, including phosphomycin, ampicillin, nisin, gramicidin, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and penicillin G. Additionally, we reveal that NsaRS regulates a downstream transporter NsaAB during nisin-induced stress. NsaS mutants also display a 200-fold decreased ability to develop resistance to the cell-wall-targeting antibiotic bacitracin. Microarray analysis reveals that the transcription of 245 genes is altered in an nsaS mutant, with the vast majority being downregulated. Included within this list are genes involved in transport, drug resistance, cell envelope synthesis, transcriptional regulation, amino acid metabolism and virulence. Using inductively coupled plasma-MS we observed a decrease in intracellular divalent metal ions in an nsaS mutant when grown under low abundance conditions. Characterization of cells using electron microscopy reveals that nsaS mutants have alterations in cell envelope structure. Finally, a variety of virulence-related phenotypes are impaired in nsaS mutants, including biofilm formation, resistance to killing by human macrophages and survival in whole human blood. Thus, NsaRS is important in sensing cell damage in S. aureus and functions to reprogram gene expression to modify cell envelope architecture, facilitating adaptation and survival.

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