scholarly journals Prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bably Sabina Azhar ◽  
Md Shofikul Islam ◽  
Md Rezaul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Iron Supplement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract Background: Anemia has created attention worldwide because of its adverse effects on the mother and the fetus during pregnancy. A large body of evidence has shown that pregnant women are the most vulnerable group to anemia. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia, and associated risk factors, among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) at government and private hospitals in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 424 pregnant women, who visited hospitals for ANC from January to July 2019. We used a simple random sampling technique to select study subjects. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and participant’s current medical record cards. SPSS software was used for analyzing data. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 62.5% and significantly (P < 0.001) higher in the subjects attending ANC in government hospitals (68.7%) than in private (55.0%) hospitals. The prevalence of the severity of anemia was 28.3% mild, 36.9% moderate, and 3.40% severe in government hospitals while in private hospitals was 14.7% mild, 39.8% moderate, and 0.5% severe anemia. Anemia was significantly associated with maternal age 20–25 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.9] and 26–30 years (AOR = 2.37), monthly family income (300–500) US$ (AOR = 2.76), and ANC in government hospitals (AOR = 2.02), the parity [multiparous (AOR = 1.92)], gravidity [multigravid (AOR = 1.63)], contraception [no contraception (AOR = 2.50), and iron supplement [no iron supplement (AOR = 0.64). Conclusions: The result suggests that pregnant women should receive routine ANC and recognize iron supplementation during pregnancy. Finally, the results of this study are particularly relevant for pregnant women who are receiving ANC.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Risk Factors Among Non-Pregnant Women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 765-777
Author(s):  
Nora AlFaris ◽  
Jozaa ALTamimi ◽  
Nora AlKehayez ◽  
Fatema AlMushawah ◽  
AbdulRhman AlNaeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

scholarly journals Group B Streptococcus Colonisation, Prevalence, Associated Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Dschang District Hospital, West Region of Cameroun: A hospital-based Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Sama ◽  
michel Noubom ◽  
Christelle KENNE ◽  
Thibau Tchouangueu ◽  
omer Ngouateu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group B ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS), also name as Streptococcus agalactiae, is a gram-positive bacterium know for it capacity to colonises the vaginal and rectal areas of the mother and is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility of GBS colonization among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Dschang District Hospital. Methods: This hospital-base cross-sectional study targeted pregnant women population attending hospitals for routine prenatal testing using a multistage sampling method. Pregnant women at 23.46 ± 6.44 weeks gestation completed a questionnaire and vaginal swabs were obtained for GBS analysis. Data were analysed using chi-squared (χ2) test or the Fisher’s exact test when appropriate and the multivariable logistic regression models. Results: The colonisation rate of GBS among pregnant women was 8.69%. Induce abortion (odds ratio [CI] = 3.09, 95% [1.56-6.21]), Spontaneaous abortions (OR= 2.82, 95% CI 1.14-7.29), Stillborn (OR [CI] = 7.75, 95% [2.61-21.71]), Fever (OR [CI] = 0.37, 95% [0.19-0.71]) and anemia (OR [CI] = 0.22, 95% [0.12-0.43]) were found to be influencing factors associated with GBS colonisation. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that none of the studied factors were significantly associated with GBS colonisation. Further longitudinal research is needed to establish the causal relationship and its biological mechanisms. Keys words: Group B Streptococcus, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Pregnant Women

scholarly journals Prevalence of preeclampsia and the associated risk factors among pregnant women in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananya Dutta Mou ◽  
Zitu Barman ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Rakib Miah ◽  
Jaasia Momtahena Hafsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

AbstractPreeclampsia is a multi-organ system disorder of pregnancy and is responsible for a significant rate of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Bangladesh, a large number of obstetric deaths occur every year but the exact reasons are not well investigated. The data regarding preeclampsia and its associated risk factors are scarce or limited in pregnant women in Bangladesh. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of preeclampsia and identify the possible risk factors in a pregnant women cohort in Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 111 participants were enrolled and asked to include their anthropometric, socio-demographic, and other related lifestyle information in a standard questionnaire form. Blood samples were also collected from each participant to analyze serum levels of lipid profile, liver enzymes, uric acid, and creatinine by using standard methods. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with preeclampsia. The overall prevalence of preeclampsia was 14.4%. About 10% of the pregnancies were found to have preeclampsia after 20 weeks of gestation without a previous history of hypertension. On the other hand, the prevalence of preeclampsia that superimposed on chronic hypertension was found to be 5.4%. Serum levels of TC, LDL-C, ALT and uric acid were significantly higher and HDL-C was significantly lower in preeclamptic pregnancies than the non-preeclamptic pregnancies. Respondents who required to take antihypertensive medications (AOR 5.45, 95% CI [1.09, 27.31]) and who never took antenatal care (AOR 6.83, 95% CI [1.00, 46.48]) were more likely to be preeclamptic. In conclusion, the present study showed a comparatively high prevalence of preeclampsia among pregnant women in Bangladesh. Some programmatic interventions such as medication for hypertension, antenatal visits to doctors, delivery and postnatal care services should be considered to reduce and prevent the hypertensive pregnancy disorders in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women at Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 454-458
Author(s):  
Shikha Thakur ◽  
Dr. Komal Lata Nagpal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infections “UTIs” are one of the frequently encountered problems during pregnancy. Untreated UTI can be associated with serious obstetric complications.  Hence the management and prevention of UTI in pregnancy is the crucial factor for the sustained pregnant period. Hence the present study was designed to identify the pathogenic agents of UTI and its associated risk factors in antenatal mothers in two private hospitals at Kathmandu city. Aim: The main objective of the study was to identify the etiological agent and associated risk factor in Urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending the antenatal care service visit in a selected hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Time of Study: The study was carried out under the supervision of University and field study was carried out in Kathmandu, Nepal from March 2019 to October 2019. Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed at the Norvic Hospital and Baidya and Banskota hospital from March 2019 to October 2019. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 510, clean catch midstream urine (MSU) samples were collected aseptically and analyzed using standard microbiology methods. Data for the factors associated with UTI were obtained by use of questionnaires and standard laboratory tests for selected underlying conditions concerning associated risk factors were collected using structured questionnaires and the sample was also processed for antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing. Results: The study revealed 193/510(37.84%) UTI prevalence among patients attending two hospitals in Kathmandu valley. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial uropathogen with 119/193(61.6%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 35/193(18.13%), Staphylococcus aureus 22/193 (11.39%), Proteus mirabilis 7/193 (3.6%), Enterococcus faecalis 2/193 (1.0%), Enterobacter aerogenes2/193(1.0%) Serratia odorifera 3/193(1.5%), Streptococcus species3/193(1.5%). Conclusions: The high prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women warrant the need to screen all pregnant women and treat those infected with appropriate antimicrobial regimens in order to reduce its complications. Urinary Tract Infection screening is essential in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Anemia among pregnant women in internally displaced camps in Mogadishu, Somalia: a cross-sectional study on prevalence, severity and associated risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramla Hussein Ahmed ◽  
Asha Abdirahman Yussuf ◽  
Asma Abdikarin Ali ◽  
Sowdo Nuur Iyow ◽  
Maryan Abdulahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Anemia in pregnancy is a serious global public health problem in most developing countries and a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Somalia which already had very high maternal mortality ratio of 829 per 100,000 live births, pregnant women in internally displaced camps (IDPs) remain at most exposed. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, severity and associated risk factors of anemia among pregnant women in internally displaced camps in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 383 households in the most IDP settled districts in Mogadishu. Every pregnant mother in these sampled households who was voluntarily consented was targeted. A sample of blood was also taken by pricking the fingertip and inserted into hemoglobin meter. Those with Hb < 11 g/dl from hemoglobin meter had been taken another sample of 3 cc blood and put into EDTA tube for CBC analysis to identify the type of anemia. Data on risk factors were collected using structured pretested questionnaire via an interview. Collected data was coded and entered in SPSS- Version 22 for analysis. Descriptive analysis, bivariate chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were done. Results The overall prevalence of anemia among study participants was 44.4% (95%CI: 39.5-49.3%), where severe and moderate anemia were 11.8 and 47.0% respectively. In addition all anaemic cases were microcytic hypochromic anemia. Young maternal age, low Family income, fewer/zero parity, being at third or second trimesters, lack of ANC attendance during pregnancy, lack of iron supplementation during pregnancy, taking tea immediately after meal during pregnancy, lower/zero frequency of daily meat and vegetables consumption during pregnancy were associated risk factors of anemia. Conclusion The anemia prevalence from this study was severe public health problem. Several factors were found to be associated with anemia during pregnancy. Measures has to be taken to curb the problem by including them mass iron supplementation and health education towards identified risk factors.

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