Genetic aspects of condition score, heart girth and milk-yield traits in Italian Friesian cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
L. Gallo ◽  
P. Carnier ◽  
M. Cassandro ◽  
R. Dal Zotto ◽  
G. Bittante
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractFunctional traits related to costs are currently of interest for selection and management of dairy cattle. The present study was aimed to estimate heritability for body condition score (BCS) and heart girth (HG), to investigate the genetic relationships between BCS, HG and milk-yield traits using a test-day model and to analyse the consistency of the estimates in different lactation stages. Cows from 25 dairy herds were scored for BCS and measured for HG at 3-month intervals for 2 years. Approximately 5000 test-day observations on BCS, HG and milk fat and protein yield from 1429 Italian Friesian cows were analysed using two approaches: (1) repeated observations were treated as repeated measurements of the same trait, both within and across lactations; (2) observations collected in different stages of lactation (dry period, 1 to 75 days in milk (DIM), 76 to 130 DIM, 131 to 210 DIM, 211 to 300 DIM) were treated as different traits. (Co)variance components and related parameters were estimated using REML multiple-trait procedures and unequal design animal models.Heritability estimates (approach 1) for fat and protein test-day yield, BCS and HG were 0.22, 0.18, 0.29 and 0.33, respectively. BCS was negatively correlated with yield traits (-0.43 and -0.48 for fat and protein yield, respectively) but positively correlated (0.33) with HG. Genetic relationships between HG and milk-yield traits were negligible. Heritability estimates (approach 2) were 0.28 and 0.27 for BCS recorded in the first half of lactation (1 to 75 and 76 to 130 DIM, respectively), 0.36 for BCS measured on cows in the second half of lactation and 0.32 for BCS recorded on dry cows. Heritability estimates for HG in different lactation stages ranged from 0.31 to 0.40. Genetic correlations between BCS measured in different lactation stages were generally high (0.85 or more), with the exception of the correlation between the first and the last stage of lactation (0.74) and of the relationships between the beginning of lactation and the dry period (0.7). Genetic correlations between HG measured in different lactation stages were mostly higher than 0.80.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters of First Lactation Milk Yield and Fertility Traits in Brown Swiss Cattle

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Şahin ◽  
Zafer Ulutaş ◽  
Asiye Yýlmaz Adkinson ◽  
Robert W. Adkinson
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Brown Swiss Cattle

AbstractThis research was carried out to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for first lactation milk yield (lactation milk yield, 305-day milk yield, lactation length, and dry period) and some fertility traits (calving interval, gestation length and number of services per conception) of Brown swiss cattle reared at konuklar state farm located in konya province, turkey. data were collected on milk yield traits of 3, 769 first lactation Brown Swiss cattle during the period from 1990 to 2008. Variance components, genetic parameters, breeding values, and genetic correlations were estimated using multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood (mtdfreml) fitting an animal model. Heritability estimates were 0.26, 0.25, 0.10, 0.06, 0.07, 0.06 and 0.03 for lactation milk yield (lmy), 305-day milk yield (305 dmy), lactation length (ll), dry period (dp), calving interval (ci), gestation length (Gl), and number of services per conception (nsc), respectively. Genetic correlations between milk yield and fertility traits ranged from 0.31 to 0.95 and phenotypic correlations ranged from –0.026 to 0.75. Breeding values were estimated and used to characterize genetic trends across the time period investigated. The results showed that the first lactation milk yield traits can be used as selection criteria for development of effective genetic improvement programme in turkish Brown swiss cattle. in addition, the results indicate the essential for scheming an effective schedule for growth of genetic variability to improve the milk yield traits of Brown swiss cattle in this farm by way of selection.

scholarly journals Genetic relationship of functional longevity with female fertility and milk production traits in Czech Holsteins 

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 554-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zavadilová ◽  
V. Zink
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Fertility Traits

The objectives of this study were to estimate heritabilities of and genetic correlations among longevity, milk production, and female fertility traits of Holstein cows. Fertility traits were days open, interval from parturition to first service, and days between the first and last insemination in the first and second lactation, respectively. Production traits were first lactation milk, fat, and protein yield. Functional longevity was defined as the number of days between the first calving and culling, i.e. the length of the productive life. The linear animal model included fixed effects of month-year of first calving, regression on age at first calving, regression on milk yield (only for longevity), and random effects of herd-year, animal, and residual. Heritability estimates for fertility traits ranged from 0.02 ± 0.009 to 0.06 ± 0.004. Heritability of longevity was 0.09. Heritability estimates for production traits ranged from 0.29 ± 0.009 (fat and protein yield) to 0.34 ± 0.009 (milk yield). Genetic correlations of longevity with fertility were moderate and favourable, ranging from –0.37 ± 0.068 to –0.44 ± 0.055, except the days between the first and last insemination in the second lactation. Genetic correlations of fertility with production traits were moderate to high and unfavourable, ranging from 0.48 ± 0.042 to 0.65 ± 0.034. Substantial herd-year correlations were found between fertility traits. Residual correlations were small except for those between production traits (> 0.85) and between days open and days between the first and last insemination (0.87). Month-year of first calving effects for longevity declined between 1994 and 2002, while those for production traits and for fertility increased slightly or remained stable during this period. Between 1991 and 2003, genetic trend for longevity declined and increased for production. Estimated genetic changes for fertility were unfavourable.

scholarly journals Genetic relationships between production traits and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Toghiani
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Breeding Center ◽  
Fat Yield

Abstract. In order to estimate genetic parameters for production traits and reproductive performance, 115465 records of production traits and 90942 records of reproductive performance from Iranian Holstein cows that were collected during 1980 to 2004 at Animal Breeding Center of Iran, were used. The estimations were performed using Restricted Maximum Likelihood method (REML) under an animal model by DF-REML and MATVEC software. Estimates of heritabilities for production traits were moderate, from 0.149 for fat yield to 0.26 for milk yield. Heritabilities for reproductive performance were low, and ranged from 0.04 for interval from calving to first service to 0.0743 for gestation length. Genetic correlations between production traits were form −0.505 for milk yield and protein percentage to 0.81 between milk yield with fat yield. Most genetic correlations between reproductive performances were found close to zero. Genetic correlation estimates of production traits with reproductive performance were from −0.513 for open days and protein yield to 0.96 for protein yield and calving interval.

Türkiye’de Yetiştirilen Holştayn İneklerde Süt Verim Özelliklerine Ait Fenotipik ve Genotipik Parametre Tahminleri

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Derviş Sarar ◽  
İbrahim Tapkı
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Friesian Cows

In this study, milk yield parameters of Holstein Friesian cows raised at Koçaş State Farm were investigated. The means of lactation milk yield, 305 d milk yield, lactation length and dry period were found as 7046.18 kg, 6588.38 kg, 327.37 d and 67.48 d respectively. Also, estimated heritability’s of same traits were as 0.25, 0.26, 0.07 and 0.03 respectively. The effects of year, season and lactation number on lactation milk yield, 305 d milk yield and lactation length; the effects of calving season and lactation number on dry period were found significantly. In conclusion, data of milk yield traits of Holstein Friesian cows in raised Koçaş State Farm herd were determined well condition within reasonable ranges.

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Body Condition Score, Body Weight, Milk Yield, and Fertility in Dairy Cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2193-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Berry ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
R.D. Evans ◽  
M. Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Condition Score

EFFECTS OF CORRECTING FOR FEEDING LEVELS ON ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS OF MILK YIELD AND COMPOSITION

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
J. E. MOXLEY
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Quadratic Effects

A total of 13,561 Holstein 305-day lactation records were studied to examine the effects of correcting records for linear and quadratic effects of 305-day net energy intake from silage, hay, pasture and meal feeding on estimates of genetic parameters of milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percent. Correcting records for net energy intake reduced variances of yield traits, but had little effect on composition trait variances. When expressed as a percentage of the total variance, the relative importance of sire and sire–herd components were unchanged using corrected records, and heritabilities, except for that of protein yield, were unaltered. Cow components of yield traits were reduced relative to other components after records were corrected for feeding levels. Consequently, repeatabilities were reduced as well, suggesting that a large portion of the permanent environmental effects on yield traits may be of nutritional origin. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between yield traits were also reduced appreciably after records were corrected for feed intake. Genetic relationships between milk, fat and protein yield may not be as great as commonly believed.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) during the Dry Period Improves Redox Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olimpia Barbato ◽  
Belinda Holmes ◽  
Iulia-Elena Filipescu ◽  
Pietro Celi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score

Thirty-six pregnant Holstein–Friesian cows were used to study the effect of Yerba Mate (YM) supplementation during the dry period on redox balance. The treatments groups were Control (no YM), YM 250 (250 g/cow/day), and YM 500 (500 g/cow/day). Blood samples were obtained 30 days prepartum, at calving, and monthly postpartum until four months post calving. Liveweight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) were assessed prepartum, at calving, and then postpartum monthly until the end of the trial. Plasma was analyzed for hydroperoxides (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and biological antioxidant potential (BAP). The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as OSI = ROMs/BAP × 100. Cows were milked twice daily, and milk yield data were recorded daily. Redox balance was improved by YM supplementation, as reflected in the lower OSI values observed in the YM groups. Yerba Mate supplementation significantly affected LW, but did not affect BCS. Milk yield averaged 28.1 ± 0.40, 29.0 ± 0.48, and 29.9 ± 0.46 L/cow/day in the Control, YM 250, and YM 500 groups, respectively, but was not significant. Nutritional manipulation during the dry period with Yerba Mate has demonstrated the potential to improve redox balance and milk yield.

SIRE BY HERD INTERACTIONS FOR MILK YIELD AND COMPOSITION TRAITS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
J. E. MOXLEY
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Reduced Model ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Reduced Models

A total of 13,561 Holstein 305-day lactation records from 779 Quebec and Maritime herds enrolled on the Dairy Herd Analysis Service were used to evaluate the importance of sire × herd interactions for milk yield and composition traits. Sire × herd interaction accounted for 4.1, 1.1, 0.3, 2.6 and 5.6% of the total variation of milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percent, respectively. Genetic parameter estimates obtained under two different models, a full model that accounted for sire × herd interaction and a reduced model that ignored it, were examined. Heritabilities of milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percent were, respectively: for the full model, 0.36, 0.47, 0.45, 0.59 and 0.31 and for the reduced model, 0.49, 0.50, 0.46, 0.66 and 0.46. Phenotypic correlations between the traits were not appreciably different when estimated under the full and reduced models. Genetic correlations between the yield traits were also similar when estimated under the full and reduced models, but genetic correlations between yield and percentage traits were more stongly positive, or less negative, when sire × herd interaction was accounted for. The genetic correlation between fat and protein percent was larger under the reduced model than under the full model.

Maternal body composition in seedstock herds. 4. Genetic parameters for body composition of Angus and Hereford cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Donoghue ◽  
S. J. Lee ◽  
P. F. Parnell ◽  
W. S. Pitchford
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Life Traits ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Over Time

The genetics of body composition traits measured before calving and at weaning in the first and second parities were evaluated in 5975 Angus and 1785 Hereford cows. Traits measured were liveweight, body condition score and hip height and ultrasound scanned measurements of subcutaneous P8 and 12/13th rib fat depth, loin eye muscle area and intramuscular fat percentage. Corresponding yearling measures on these animals were obtained for analyses of relationships between yearling information with later-in-life traits. There was moderate genetic variation in all body composition traits measured at pre-calving and weaning in Angus (h2 = 0.14–0.59) and Hereford (h2 = 0.14–0.64) cows. Genetic correlations between measurements of the same trait at pre-calving and weaning were consistently positive and high in both parities for both breeds, indicating animals were ranking similarly for the same trait measured over time. Genetic correlations between measurements of different traits were generally consistent over time (pre-calving and weaning) in both breeds, indicating genetic relationships between traits were not changing significantly over time. Genetic correlations with corresponding yearling measures of body composition were consistently positive and high for the first parity, and lower for the second parity. The results of this study indicate that genetic improvement in body composition traits in cows is possible, and that body composition information recorded at yearling age is a reasonably good predictor of later in life performance for these traits.

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