Effect of dengue mosquito control insecticide thermal fogging on non-target insects

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G. Thilanka N. Abeyasuriya ◽  
N.W. Nalaka P. Nugapola ◽  
M. Devika B. Perera ◽  
W.A. Inoka P. Karunaratne ◽  
S.H.P. Parakrama Karunaratne
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Severe Effect ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Control Adult ◽  
Positive Controls ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

AbstractDengue vector control programmes are mainly focused on insecticide fogging/space spraying to control adultAedesmosquito vector populations. Due to the diurnal habit of the vectors, spraying is routinely conducted during the day when many other insect species are also active. This study reports the simultaneous effect of fogging on non-target insects by direct counting of knockdown in the insect population. Eight fogging treatments were conducted in two sites in Kurunegala District of Sri Lanka. Pesguard insecticide was sprayed in each treatment for 8 minutes according to the standard methodology and the ‘knockdown insects’ were collected on randomly spread polyethythene sheets (10 m2). A total of 3884 insects (24.3 insects per treatment per m2) belonging to 12 orders were collected and 12.44% of them recovered during a 24-hr recovery period. Diptera was the most affected insect order (36%) followed by Collembola (30%) and Thysanoptera (17%). Out of the 31 mosquitoes (<1%) collected, only two (<0.1%) belonged to the genusAedes. Body length of 93% of the affected insects ranged from 0.35 mm to 1.8 mm. Positive controls using the WHO standard cage bioassays with the mosquitoAe. albopictus(n = 417) and the stingless beeTrigona iridipennis(n = 122) showed 100% initial knockdown, and 83.5% mosquito and 93.5% bee mortalities after the recovery period. The study shows that insecticide fogging does have a severe effect on non-target insects such as pollinators; therefore, fogging operations should be done in a controlled manner and indiscriminate fogging should be avoided.

Crowdsourcing for large-scale mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) sampling

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin C. Maki ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
And Control

AbstractSampling a cosmopolitan mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) species throughout its range is logistically challenging and extremely resource intensive. Mosquito control programmes and regional networks operate at the local level and often conduct sampling activities across much of North America. A method for large-scale sampling of two mosquito species using crowdsourcing to network with these local and regional programmes is described. A total of 961 mosquito vector and control districts, health departments, and individual collectors across the United States of America and Canada were contacted in 2011 and 2012 of which 9% positively responded by sending mosquitoes. In total, 1101 unique population samples of Aedes vexans (Meigen) and Culex tarsalis Coquillett were collected throughout their range in these two countries. Aedes vexans outgroup samples were also submitted from Europe and Asia. This is the largest crowd-sourced collection of samples to date.

scholarly journals Effect of community-based intervention on awareness of dengue and its prevention among urban poor community in India: a systematic review approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5182
Author(s):  
Abhishek S. Lachyan ◽  
Abdul Mabood Khan ◽  
Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki ◽  
Bratati Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Dengue Control ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

Owing to increased epidemic activity and difficulties in controlling the insect vector, dengue has become a major public health problem globally. The prevention and control of dengue rely mainly on vector control methods. A systematic review was conducted using four databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Scopus) and a manual search of the reference lists of the identified studies. Data from included studies were extracted, analyzed. Applying all inclusion and exclusion criteria 23 articles was included. Further relevant articles using this keywords Aedes dengue breeding habits housing and community intervention were selected. Eight studies combined community participation programme with dengue control tools. Findings of the published literature indicate that at baseline, almost half the respondents did not know that dengue is serious but preventable, or that it is transmitted by mosquitoes. The analysis showed that dengue vector control is carried out by vertically structured programmes of national, state, and local administrative bodies through fogging and larval control, without any involvement of community-based organizations, and that vector control efforts were conducted in an isolated and irregular way. The most productive container types for Aedes pupae were cement tanks, drums, and discarded containers. Evidence that community-based dengue control programmes alone and in combination with other control activities can enhance the effectiveness of dengue control programmes is weak. This review demonstrates a paucity of reliable evidence for the effectiveness of any dengue vector control method. Standardized studies of higher quality to evaluate and compare methods must be prioritized to optimize cost-effective dengue prevention. Clear best practice guidelines for the methodology of entomological studies should be developed.  

scholarly journals Simulations to compare efficacies of tetravalent dengue vaccines and mosquito vector control

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. THAVARA ◽  
A. TAWATSIN ◽  
Y. NAGAO
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Dengue Vaccine ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Immunological Mechanism ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Very High

SUMMARYInfection with dengue, the most prevalent mosquito-borne virus, manifests as dengue fever (DF) or the more fatal dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF occurs mainly when an individual who has acquired antibodies to one serotype is inoculated with another serotype. It was reported that mosquito control may have increased the incidence of DF and DHF due to age-dependency in manifesting these illnesses or an immunological mechanism. Tetravalent dengue vaccine is currently being tested in clinical trials. However, seroconversions to all four serotypes were achieved only after three doses. Therefore, vaccines may predispose vaccinees to the risk of developing DHF in future infections. This study employed an individual-based computer simulation, to emulate mosquito control and vaccination, incorporating seroconversion rates reported from actual clinical trials. It was found that mosquito control alone would have increased incidence of DF and DHF in areas of high mosquito density. A vaccination programme with very high coverage, even with a vaccine of suboptimal seroconversion rates, attenuated possible surges in the incidence of DF and DHF which would have been caused by insufficient reduction in mosquito abundance. DHF cases attributable to vaccine-derived enhancement were fewer than DHF cases prevented by a vaccine with considerably high (although not perfect) seroconversion rates. These predictions may justify vaccination programmes, at least in areas of high mosquito abundance. In such areas, mosquito control programmes should be conducted only after the vaccination programme with a high coverage has been initiated.

scholarly journals The regulatory genome of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: integrating chromatin accessibility and gene expression

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José L Ruiz ◽  
Lisa C Ranford-Cartwright ◽  
Elena Gómez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Human Malaria

Abstract Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are primary human malaria vectors, but we know very little about their mechanisms of transcriptional regulation. We profiled chromatin accessibility by the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq) in laboratory-reared A. gambiae mosquitoes experimentally infected with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. By integrating ATAC-seq, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data, we showed a positive correlation between accessibility at promoters and introns, gene expression and active histone marks. By comparing expression and chromatin structure patterns in different tissues, we were able to infer cis-regulatory elements controlling tissue-specific gene expression and to predict the in vivo binding sites of relevant transcription factors. The ATAC-seq assay also allowed the precise mapping of active regulatory regions, including novel transcription start sites and enhancers that were annotated to mosquito immune-related genes. Not only is this study important for advancing our understanding of mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in the mosquito vector of human malaria, but the information we produced also has great potential for developing new mosquito-control and anti-malaria strategies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Aedes aegypti Pupal Productivity during the Dengue Vector Control Program in a Costal Urban Centre of São Paulo State, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylene de Brito Arduino
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Large City ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Vector Control Program ◽  
Productivity Indices ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

The control of dengue relies on the elimination of vector breeding sites. This study identified the container categories most productive for A. aegypti within the framework of the São Paulo dengue vector control program (DVCP) in São Sebastião, a large city located on the state’s coast where dengue cases have occurred since 2001. Containers were inspected monthly for the occurrence of mosquito immature stages during two consecutive vector-breeding seasons in 2002–2004. Containers were classified by their material, use, and fixed or removable status. Pupal productivity differed significantly among container types, items made of metal and plastic, and boats being those with the highest relative contribution. Significant correlations between traditional indices of A. aegypti abundance (Container Index, House Index, and Breteau Index) and pupal productivity/demographic indices (Pupae/Container, Pupae/House, Pupae/ha, and Pupae/Person) ranged 0.56–0.65; correlations were not statistically significant for any combination involving the Pupae/Container index. The assessment of pupal productivity indices could be incorporated into the DVCP without any additional operational onus, allowing vector control managers to determine appropriate control actions targeting the most productive containers and sites. Further studies are needed to assess whether pupal productivity indices may be used as epidemiological indicators of risk of dengue transmission.

scholarly journals Tumbuhan Obat: Pendekatan Alternatif dalam Pengendalian Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Virus Dengue Penyebab Demam Dengue

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Ign Joko Suyono ◽  
Aditya K. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Control And Prevention

Dengue is the most important emerging tropical viral disease of humans in the world today. Aedes aegypti is a major mosquito vector responsible for transmitting many viral diseases and this mosquito that spreads major health problems like dengue fever. The resistance of Ae. aegypti to insecticides is already widespread and represents a serious problem for programmes aimed at the control and prevention of dengue in tropical countries. The search for compounds extracted from medicinal plant preparations as alternatives insecticide for mosquito control is in immediate need. Alternative approach for control Ae. aegypti dan virus dengue using the medicinal plant will be discussed in this paper.Key words: Medicinal plant, Aedes aegypti, dengue fever, dengue haemorragi fever, dengue shock syndrome

scholarly journals Habitat Aedes Pradewasa dan Indeks Entomologi di 11 Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

2018 ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Lasbudi Pertama Ambarita ◽  
Hotnida Sitorus ◽  
Rahayu Hasti Komaria
Keyword(s):  
Control Program ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Larval Survey ◽  
Vector Control Program ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Single Larva ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever still becomes public health problems in South Sumatera Province with all of its regencies/cities have infested with Aedes aegypti. This research aimed to determine Aedes entomological indices and its breeding habitats. The research located at 11 regencies/cities, where in every regencies/cities determined two clusters (village) based on incidence rate in the last three years. Survey of preadult mosquito was carried out inside and outside areas of 1181 houses using single larva method with modification. The survey found that the dengue vector indices for house index, breteau index, and container index were at range 22,6% - 60,6%, 26,4 – 154,1 and 8,0% - 36,2%  respectively. The most dominant water holding containers found infested with pre-adults mosquito were cement tanks (33,4%), followed by buckets (18,2%) and drums (14,7%). Inside houses, larva or pupae found dominants in cement tanks (44,3%), buckets (19,5%) and drums (13,9%), while outside of the house were used containers (20,7%), followed by drums (16,7%), buckets (15,0%) and used tires (11,9%). Statistical analysis by chi-square test showed a significant relationship between infested of Aedes pre-adults with characteristic of  containers (colours, volume, location found and containers). Larval survey by visiting houses should carry out routinely and integrated into dengue vector control program.

Testing the Effectiveness of Community-Based Dengue Vector Control Interventions Using Semiparametric Mixed Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizet Sanchez ◽  
Jonh Maringwa ◽  
Ziv Shkedy ◽  
Marta Castro ◽  
Nestor Carbonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

Bionomics of Anopheles Arabiensis from Mamfene in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa): An Area of High Malaria Transmission in the Province

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Maharaj ◽  
Vishan Lakan ◽  
Kiash Maharaj
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Anopheles Arabiensis ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Larval Control ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Although great strides have been made in controlling malaria, the disease is of significant public health importance. Historically, efforts to control the vector has concentrated on adult vector control targeting the female Anopheles mosquitoes. As there is now a focus on eliminating residual malaria from KwaZulu-Natal, new strategies are being investigated to increase the impact of malaria elimination strategies. Greater attention is now being given to larval control, as a complementary measure to indoor residual spraying. However, there is a large gap in knowledge of the bionomics of the larval stages of this mosquito vector of malaria in South Africa. In order to focus on both larval and adult mosquito control methods, larval development and the reproductive stages of the vector were investigated since these variables influences our ability to impact mosquito populations through larval control. This study was therefore conducted to determine the peak eruption times and the emergent sex ratios, as well as the peak egg oviposition time in order to attack the mosquito when it is at its most vulnerable and when control interventions will have the most impact.Results: Oviposition studies showed two peaks corresponding with late evening and again just before dawn. Most eggs were also laid in the first half of the night (18h00 – midnight). Most mosquitoes erupted just after sunset and the sex ratios showed that twice as many females as males emerged. Females readily took a bloodmeal after oviposition or just after erupting. Hatch rate to viable first instar larvae was 74.5%.Conclusions: The results of this study have provided information as to when interventions would be most effective in controlling mosquito populations and have provided information that highlights the value of larval control as a complementary measure to adult mosquito control. The most vulnerable stages of the female Anopheles arabiensis are when they have just emerged or when they have just oviposited. Vector control strategies should be designed to target these vulnerable stages at the breeding sites in order to have maximum impact.

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