Ethical attitudes of consumers and farmers to the use of two dairy technologies : Bovine somatotrophin (BST) and Automated Milking Systems (AMS)

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 195-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Millar ◽  
S.M. Tomkins ◽  
T.B. Mepham
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Bovine Somatotrophin ◽  
Animal Production Systems

The importance of considering public opinion in technology development and use is widely recognised. Several studies have assessed public opinion on modern biotechnologies used in animal production systems (Eurobarometer, 1997), but few have focused on specific technologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate attitudes to two defined technologies, bovine somatotrophin (BST) and automated milking systems (AMS), as part of a wider study of the role of ethical analysis in technology assessment. The preliminary results described below highlight only certain aspects of a much more comprehensive survey.Postal surveys of consumers and farmers were conducted in the Spring/Summer of 1998. The farmers’ population sample (n=1,000) was randomly selected from the National Farmers Union Dairy Farmers database. The selection, based on an nth term sample, was stratified for geographical region only.

Accelerated pre-weaning growth rates in dairy calves: do antioxidants have a place?

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Protein Supply ◽  
Total Life ◽  
Animal Production Systems

Accelerated growth of dairy calves in the pre-weaning phase has been shown to increase productivity of dairy cows during their lifetime. The increased weight gain during the pre-weaning phase is not the driving factor behind the changes in life-time productivity as the weight gained is inconsequential in terms of pre-lactation and weight gain. Furthermore, there are no differences in weight of heifers at the start of first lactation. The increased weight gain during the pre-weaning period must, therefore, initiate cellular changes within the animal. Research has focussed on increasing total nutritional supply or an increase in protein supply for promotion of such changes. The benefits of antioxidants in animal nutrition have been known for a long period of time. However, they have gained prominence with enforced reduction in use of antibiotics in many animal production systems. The role of antioxidants in nutrition of both the calf and the dam before parturition is critical for preventing disease and optimising growth weight of the pre-weaned calf. However, studies are yet to demonstrate a role, outside of preventive health, for the use of antioxidants in the pre-weaning period for increasing total life-time production of the dairy cow.

Aseuk Hatong Antara Seni Berkomunikasi dan Teknologi: Studi Fenomenologi tentang Budaya Bertani Ladang Masyarakat Tatar Karang Priangan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Samson CMS
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Musical Aesthetics ◽  
Research Show

ABSTRAKTidak mampunya kita mendalami pengetahuan asli kita sendiri mengakibatkanterjadinya disharmoni teknologi dengan kebutuhan di lapangan, tidak terkecuali TeknologiTepat Guna (TTG) dalam pertanian ladang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuiperanan Aseuk Hatong dalam tradisi pertanian ladang di masyarakat Tatar Karang PrianganKabupaten Tasikmalaya yang religius Islami, tapi masih mempertahankan tradisi tersebut.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi fenomenologi Schutz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa 1) Seni berkomunikasi: (kakawihan) dalam tradisi Aseuk Hatong adalah upayaharmonisasi antara petani dengan alam yang sedang kemarau melalui senandung ringan yangkontekstual. 2) Teknologi Tani: (Aseuk Hatong) adalah suatu alat untuk mengolah untuk tanahladang pada musim kemarau yang dibalut dengan estetika musikal sederhana khas petaniladang, hasil pengembangan teknologi yang tepat guna, menyenangkan, inovatif, fungsional,terjangkau, murah, dan ramah lingkungan. Dengan demikian, dapat dirumuskan bahwa TradisiAseuk Hatong di Tatar Karang Priangan merupakan media persuasif bertani di kala ngahuma(berladang) tidak dibarengi musim penghujan. Tradisi Aseuk Hatong juga merupakanpengembangan teknologi yang sangat memperhitungkan kearifan lokal yang berlaku.Kata kunci: aseuk hatong, kawih, komunikasi seni, teknologi tani, pertanian ladangABST RACTOur inability to deepen our own original knowledge results in disharmony of technologywith the needs in the field, including the Appropriate Technology (TTG) in agriculture. It istherefore that in any development it is often not harmonious with the needs of society. Theobjective of the research is to know the role of Aseuk Hatong in the agricultural tradition in theTatar Karang Priangan community of Tasikmalaya Regency whicht is religiously Islamic yetstill maintains the tradition. The research method is Schutz phenomenology study. The resultsof research show that (1) the art of communicating (kakawihan) in Aseuk Hatong tradition isa harmonious effort between farmers and the dry nature through mild, contextual humming.(2) Farm technology (Aseuk Hatong)is a tool to cultivate the soil, plowing the fields during thedry season by wrapping with simple typical musical aesthetics of field farmers as the resultsof appropriate technology development, fun, innovative, functional, affordable, cheap, andenvironmentally friendly. As the conclusion, it can be said that Aseuk Hatong Tradition in TatarKarang Priangan as a persuasive media farming during ngahuma (farming) not accompaniedby rainy season is a technology development that takes into account local wisdom occur.Keywords: aseuk hatong, kawih, art communication, farming technology

Public Opinion on the Web: The Arab Listeners of the BBC

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidar Moukdad
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
The Web

Sample contributions by Arab contributors to a discussion forum were analyzed to study the role of the Web in promoting free speech and demystifying long held views of Arab public opinion. The findings of the study highlight the importance of the role played by the Web in promoting free speech among traditionally repressed populations, and provide insights that will help in correcting misconceptions about Arab public opinion.Un échantillonnage d’interventions par des participants arabes à un forum de discussion a été analysé afin d’étudier le rôle du Web dans le développement de la liberté de parole et la démystification des préjugés concernant l’opinion publique arabe. Les résultats de l’étude mettent en lumière l’importance du rôle joué par le Web dans le développement de la liberté de parole parmi les populations traditionnellement réprimées et offrent des idées qui aideront à corriger les idées préconçues concernant l’opinion publique arabe. 

Abolitionism and the Social Conscience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Ditchfield
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Triangular Trade ◽  
Reform Needs

Explanations of the abolition of the slave trade have been the subject of intense historical debate. Earlier accounts tended to play up the role of individual, heroic abolitionists and their religious, particularly evangelical, motivation. Eric Williams argued that the decline in profitability of the ‘Triangular trade’ was important in persuading people that the slave trade hindered, rather than helped, economic progress. More recent work has rehabilitated the role of some abolitionists but has set this alongside the importance of campaigning and petitioning in shifting public opinion. The role that the slaves themselves played in bringing attention to their plight is also now recognized. Consequently, the importance of abolitionism for a sense of Dissenting self-identity and as part of broader attempts to influence social reform needs to be reconsidered.

Euroscepticism and the Future of European Integration

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Public Preferences ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) is facing one of the rockiest periods in its existence. At no time in its history has it looked so economically fragile, so insecure about how to protect its borders, so divided over how to tackle the crisis of legitimacy facing its institutions, and so under assault by Eurosceptic parties. The unprecedented levels of integration in recent decades have led to increased public contestation, yet at the same the EU is more reliant on public support for its continued legitimacy than ever before. This book examines the role of public opinion in the European integration process. It develops a novel theory of public opinion that stresses the deep interconnectedness between people’s views about European and national politics. It suggests that public opinion cannot simply be characterized as either Eurosceptic or not, but rather that it consists of different types. This is important because these types coincide with fundamentally different views about the way the EU should be reformed and which policy priorities should be pursued. These types also have very different consequences for behaviour in elections and referendums. Euroscepticism is such a diverse phenomenon because the Eurozone crisis has exacerbated the structural imbalances within the EU. As the economic and political fates of member states have diverged, people’s experiences with and evaluations of the EU and national political systems have also grown further apart. The heterogeneity in public preferences that this book has uncovered makes a one-size-fits-all approach to addressing Euroscepticism unlikely to be successful.

Emerging Industrial Revolution: Symbiosis of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy: The Role of Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
Alfred Ngowi ◽  
Henk De Jager ◽  
Bankole O. Awuzie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Jobs

Growing consumerism and population worldwide raises concerns about society’s sustainability aspirations. This has led to calls for concerted efforts to shift from the linear economy to a circular economy (CE), which are gaining momentum globally. CE approaches lead to a zero-waste scenario of economic growth and sustainable development. These approaches are based on semi-scientific and empirical concepts with technologies enabling 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) and 6Rs (reuse, recycle, redesign, remanufacture, reduce, recover). Studies estimate that the transition to a CE would save the world in excess of a trillion dollars annually while creating new jobs, business opportunities and economic growth. The emerging industrial revolution will enhance the symbiotic pursuit of new technologies and CE to transform extant production systems and business models for sustainability. This article examines the trends, availability and readiness of fourth industrial revolution (4IR or industry 4.0) technologies (for example, Internet of Things [IoT], artificial intelligence [AI] and nanotechnology) to support and promote CE transitions within the higher education institutional context. Furthermore, it elucidates the role of universities as living laboratories for experimenting the utility of industry 4.0 technologies in driving the shift towards CE futures. The article concludes that universities should play a pivotal role in engendering CE transitions.

scholarly journals Be Aware of Burnout! The Role of Changes in Academic Burnout in Problematic Facebook Usage among University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8055
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Tomaszek ◽  
Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Social Motive ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Most previous research has examined the relationship between FB addiction and burnout level by conducting cross-sectional studies. Little is known about the impact of changes in burnout on FB addiction in an educational context. Through a two-way longitudinal survey of a student population sample (N = 115), this study examined the influence of changes in academic burnout over time and FB motives and importance (measured at the beginning and the end of the semester) on FB intrusion measured at the end of the academic semester. The findings show that: (1) increases in cynicism and in FB motives and importance significantly predicted time2 FB intrusion; (2) FB importance enhanced the prediction power of changes in the academic burnout total score, exhaustion and personal inefficacy, and reduced the regression coefficient of changes in cynicism; (3) the interaction effects between FB social motive use and changes in academic burnout, as well as between FB importance and personal inefficacy and exhaustion, accounted for a significant change in the explained variance of time2 FB intrusion. About 20–30% of the variance in time2 FB intrusion was explained by all the examined variables and by the interactions between them. The results suggest that changes in academic burnout and FB motives and importance are suppressive variables, as including these variables in the regression model all together changed the significance of the relationship between independent variables and FB intrusion.

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