The use of in vitro digestibility techniques in determining the nutritive value of barley and barley–based diets for growing pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
M.E.E. McCann ◽  
K.J. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Alternative Means

Information on the digestibility of a feed or feed ingredient is of crucial importance to the feed compounder leading to reduced variability and a more accurate prediction of nutrient content. As it is not possible to carry out in vivo studies on every feed or feed ingredient, in vitro techniques have been investigated as an alternative means for obtaining this vital information. There have been several methods developed to determine in vitro digestion in monogastrics at both the ileal and overall level. It has been suggested that the methods of Boisen and Fernandez (1995; 1997) to determine in vitro digestibility of CP at the ileal level and of energy at the overall level, are the most reliable and accurate methods available (Moughan 1999). The objectives of this study were to compare in vivo and in vitro digestibility coefficients of both barley and barley-based diets and to evaluate the in vitro techniques.

Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of nine plant species from Semnan rangeland for camel in Iran

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 233-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Towhidi ◽  
Farnoush Rostami ◽  
Reza Masoumi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Arid Rangelands

In Iran, Javan (2001) has reported the digestibility some arid rangelands plants by bovine rumen liquor. The determination of in vivo digestibility of wheat straw implies that camel apparently digested poor quality roughages more than cattle and sheep (Cianci et al., 2004). Therefore, It is required to measure the in vitro digestibility of herbages by camel rumen liquor. In province of yazd, nutritive value of 11 different plant species for camel were determined (Towhidi, 2007). The objectives of the current study were to determine 1) the chemical composition, gross energy of the most consuming plant species from rangeland of Semnan province including Seidlitzia rosmarinu, Tamarix tetragyna, Tamarix strica, Halostachys spp, Saudea fruticosa., Alhagi camelorum, Haloxylon ammondendron., Salsola arbescola, Hammada salicornica and, 2) in vitro digestibility of the plants by camel rumen liquor.

scholarly journals Energy, amino acid, and phosphorus digestibility and energy prediction of thermally processed food waste sources for swine1

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 676-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Fung ◽  
Pedro E Urriola ◽  
Gerald C Shurson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Initial Body Weight

Abstract Recycling energy and nutrients from food waste into animal feed decreases the environmental impact of food animal production. However, recycling energy and nutrients from various food waste sources into swine feeding programs is constrained by the high variability and lack of data on the digestibility of energy and nutrients. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the digestibility of energy, amino acids, and phosphorus in thermally dried food waste sources fed to growing pigs and to compare in vivo determined digestibility values with those obtained from in vitro digestibility procedures and published prediction equations to determine the accuracy of using these nutritional evaluation methods. Pigs (n = 36; initial body weight = 16.37 ± 1.9 kg) were utilized to determine digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content, as well as standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of phosphorus and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids in three sources of dehydrated food waste in three separate trials. Initial body weight of pigs at the beginning of each digestibility trial was used as the blocking factor in a randomized complete block design. Diets were formulated to contain 30% food waste derived from fish waste (FW), supermarket waste (containing bakery, fruits and vegetables, meat, and deli foods from a single supermarket; SMW), and fruit and vegetable waste (FVW). The DE and ME content of FW (DE = 5,057 kcal/kg; ME = 4,820 kcal/kg) and SMW (DE = 5,071 kcal/kg; ME = 4,922 kcal/kg) were not different (P > 0.05), whereas FVW had the least (P < 0.05) DE (2,570 kcal/kg) and ME (2,460 kcal/kg) content compared with FW and SMW. Digestibility of crude protein and amino acids was greater (P < 0.05) in FW and SMW compared with FVW. The in vitro digestibility procedure can be used to approximate the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and energy in SMW, FW, and FVW compared with in vivo estimates, but significant error exists depending on the chemical characteristics of each food waste source. However, use of the prediction equations and digestibility data obtained from the in vitro procedure resulted in high accuracy in estimating DE content of FW (observed = 5,058 kcal/kg DM vs. predicted = 4,948 kcal/kg DM), SMW (observed = 5,071 kcal/kg DM vs. predicted 4,978 kcal/kg DM), and FVW (observed = 2,570 kcal/kg DM vs. predicted 2,814 kcal/kg DM) sources.

scholarly journals In vitro techniques for the assessment of the nutritive value of feed grains for pigs: a review

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Plant Fibre ◽  
Gross Energy

The philosophy inherent in developing in vitro digestibility assays for dietary energy and protein is reviewed and an historical account is given of the development of such assays for the pig. General principles to be considered in the development of in vitro digestibility assays are discussed, as are limitations of the in vitro approach. The importance of choosing the most appropriate in vivo measures of digestibility for the evaluation of in vitro assays is stressed. For protein sources that do not contain anti-nutritional factors or plant fibre, ‘true’ ileal digestibility should be the in vivo baseline, while plant proteins should be tested against ‘real’ ileal digestibility. There is a dearth of adequately conducted validation studies for in vitro digestibility assays. It appears that the 3-step (pepsin, pancreatin, Viscozyme) closed in vitro system to allow prediction of organic matter and gross energy digestibility in the pig has particular promise for practical feed evaluation. Similarly based protein digestibility assays may require further development before they can be applied with confidence.

Palatability,in situandin vitronutritive value of dried sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KHALILVANDI-BEHROOZYAR ◽  
M. DEHGHAN-BANADAKY ◽  
K. REZAYAZDI
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

SUMMARYThe current study was conducted to determine chemical composition, nutrient content and availability, metabolizable energy (ME) content and nutritive value of sainfoin hay for ruminants. Three ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were used forin situandin vivoexperiments, to determine rumen degradability and digestibility of sainfoin hay. Apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients was determined with feeding of sainfoin hay as the sole diet to achieve 10% more than maintenance energy requirements. Six Zandi ewes were used in the palatability experiment. Means for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and condensed tannins (CTs) of sainfoin hay were: 940·4 g/kg and 93·43, 12·13, 47·87, 43·33 and 2·13 g/kg DM, respectively.In situeffective degradability of CP and DM were 0·38 and 0·54 g/g with a ruminal outflow rate of 0·05/h, respectively. OM apparent digestibility was in the range of 0·592–0·689, respectively, for Tilley & Terry and total faecal collection assays. ME content of sainfoin hay, according to different methods (gas production,in vitroandin vivodetermined digestible organic matter in dry matter (DOMD)) was in the range 6·87–10·11 MJ/kg DM. Metabolizable protein (MP) content was 483·4 g/kg CP. Sainfoin was more palatable than alfalfa for sheep. It was concluded that sainfoin has a potential use in ruminant rations, especially if environmental conditions are not suitable for alfalfa production.

Relationship between in vitro gas production and in vivo energy digestibility in growing pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
A.C. Longland ◽  
S.P. Bray ◽  
A.E. Brooks ◽  
M.K. Theodorou ◽  
A.G. Low
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Transducer ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

In vitro methods which can be used to predict the nutritive value of feedstuflfs for livestock are attractive in terms of both speed and economy. The in vitro pressure transducer technique (PTT) whereby the gas evolved during the in vitro fermentation of feedstuffs in rumen fluid is quantified by a pressure transducer, has been used to predict the nutritive value of ruminant feedstuffs. Here the potential for the PTT in predicting the digestible energy contents of eight feedstuffs varying in non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content fed to growing pigs, was investigated.

A comparison between in vitro digestibility, in situ degradability and a gas production technique for predicting the in vivo digestibility of whole-crop wheat

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
A. T. Adesogan ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
D. I. Givens
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Laboratory Techniques

Several published reports on the nutritive value of whole-crop wheat (WCW) have been based on estimations from laboratory techniques, some of which were developed for grass silage. However, there is little information on the accuracy of such estimations. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of predicting the in vivo digestibility of WCW from various less animal-dependent techniques.

Nutritive evaluation of two strains of mature subterranean clover

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
ID Hume ◽  
M Somers ◽  
NR McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the in vivo and in vitro digestibility of leguminous herbage was examined. Further studies were made using in vivo-in vitro digestibility estimations to compare the nutritive value to sheep of two strains (Yarloop and Woogenellup) of subterranean clover. The digestibilities of the main component parts (viz. stem, petiole, leaf, and burr) of the plants of each strain were also estimated in vitro. Digestibility differences between strains and between parts were examined on the basis of the chemical composition of their dry matter. Woogenellup was significantly more digestible than Yarloop, both in vivo and in vitro. Voluntary intake of Woogenellup was also significantly greater than that of Yarloop. The in vitro digestibility of stem did not differ significantly from that of petiole. Nor did the digestibility of leaf differ significantly from that of burr. However, the digestibility of stem and petiole together was greater than that of leaf and burr together. These findings are discussed in relation to their possible biological significance.

Selecting for nutritive value in Digitaria milanjiana. 2. Intake and digestibility of divergently selected full-sibs compared with Digitaria decumbens

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Minson ◽  
JB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Significant Comparison ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Better Than

We compare the voluntary intake and digestibility of 6 genotypes selected from 3 F1 families of Digitaria milanjiana for high or low leaf digestibility, and D. decumbens (pangola grass). Swards were harvested on 6 occasions (4 by 4-week regrowths, 1 by 10-week and 1 by 14-week regrowth) and fed to sheep in metabolism cages. Averaged over families and regrowths, high digestibility selections were significantly superior to low digestibility selections in digestibility, voluntary dry matter intake and intake of metabolisable energy. There was a large range in leafiness of the genotypes. Correlations between leafiness and in vivo digestibility, dry matter (DM) intake and intake of metabolisable energy were positive and statistically significant. Comparison of full-sibs at the same percentage stem (80 and 100%) suggested a higher DM intake, digestibility and intake of metabolisable energy of stem from genotypes selected for high leaf digestibility. Averaged over harvests, none of the selected genotypes was significantly superior to pangola grass in digestibility but all were superior in DM intake and 5 in intake of metabolisable energy. The best selected genotype was 35% better than pangola grass in terms of intake of metabolisable energy. Differences in in vitro digestibility of young leaves from vegetative tillers of full sibs, the characteristic on which the genotypes had been selected, were maintained under sward conditions, although differences were reduced.

Relationship between in vitro gas production and in vivo energy digestibility in growing pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
A.C. Longland ◽  
S.P. Bray ◽  
A.E. Brooks ◽  
M.K. Theodorou ◽  
A.G. Low
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Transducer ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

In vitro methods which can be used to predict the nutritive value of feedstuflfs for livestock are attractive in terms of both speed and economy. The in vitro pressure transducer technique (PTT) whereby the gas evolved during the in vitro fermentation of feedstuffs in rumen fluid is quantified by a pressure transducer, has been used to predict the nutritive value of ruminant feedstuffs. Here the potential for the PTT in predicting the digestible energy contents of eight feedstuffs varying in non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content fed to growing pigs, was investigated.

scholarly journals Effect of Amylolytic and Cellulolytic Enzymes on Whole Plant Corn Silage: Characteristics of Silage and Animal Digestion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFERSON RODRIGUES GANDRA ◽  
Alanne T. Nunes ◽  
Euclides R. Oliveira ◽  
Mávio S. J. Silva ◽  
Cibeli A. Pedrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme

Abstract Enzyme additives have been added to forage at ensiling to improve nutritive value. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of adding exogenous enzymes to silage on fermentative losses and profile, aerobic stability, chemical composition, in vitro degradation, microbial quality, and nutrients intake and digestibility. Treatments were control (CON); addition of exo-1,4-α-glycosidase glucoamylase (GLU; Kerazyme 3035, Kera Nutrição Animal, Bento Gonçalves, Brazil); addition of β-glucan 4-glucanhydrolase (CEL); and GLU + CEL. Data from the silo experiment were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS, with fixed effects of glucoamylase and cellulase, and interaction effect between them. In vivo experiment analyses also included fixed effect of Latin Square and period, and random effect of animal within Latin Square. CEL increased (P ≤ 0.038) gas losses and effluents production, CEL and GLU decreased (P = 0.039) DM recovery compared to control but not differ from GLU+CEL. CEL silage had higher (P ≤ 0.021) starch and crude protein and in vitro digestibility of DM and NDF (P ≤ 0.032), while GLU had higher (P = 0.001) ADF. CEL showed lower (P = 0.012) ethanol content and higher (P = 0.02) anaerobic bacteria counts, while GLU showed higher (P = 0.012) lactate concentration and lower (P ≤ 0.002) counts of bacteria and fungi. Lambs fed with CEL presented higher (P ≤ 0.012) digestibility coefficients for DM, OM, CP and NDF. Decrease on DM recovery indicates no improvements on the nutritive value of silage. On the other hand, cellulolytic enzyme positively affected animal digestion.

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