Nutritive evaluation of two strains of mature subterranean clover

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
ID Hume ◽  
M Somers ◽  
NR McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the in vivo and in vitro digestibility of leguminous herbage was examined. Further studies were made using in vivo-in vitro digestibility estimations to compare the nutritive value to sheep of two strains (Yarloop and Woogenellup) of subterranean clover. The digestibilities of the main component parts (viz. stem, petiole, leaf, and burr) of the plants of each strain were also estimated in vitro. Digestibility differences between strains and between parts were examined on the basis of the chemical composition of their dry matter. Woogenellup was significantly more digestible than Yarloop, both in vivo and in vitro. Voluntary intake of Woogenellup was also significantly greater than that of Yarloop. The in vitro digestibility of stem did not differ significantly from that of petiole. Nor did the digestibility of leaf differ significantly from that of burr. However, the digestibility of stem and petiole together was greater than that of leaf and burr together. These findings are discussed in relation to their possible biological significance.

Correction - Nutritive evaluation of two strains of mature subterranean clover

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
ID Hume ◽  
M Somers ◽  
NR McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the in vivo and in vitro digestibility of leguminous herbage was examined. Further studies were made using in vivo-in vitro digestibility estimations to compare the nutritive value to sheep of two strains (Yarloop and Woogenellup) of subterranean clover. The digestibilities of the main component parts (viz. stem, petiole, leaf, and burr) of the plants of each strain were also estimated in vitro. Digestibility differences between strains and between parts were examined on the basis of the chemical composition of their dry matter. Woogenellup was significantly more digestible than Yarloop, both in vivo and in vitro. Voluntary intake of Woogenellup was also significantly greater than that of Yarloop. The in vitro digestibility of stem did not differ significantly from that of petiole. Nor did the digestibility of leaf differ significantly from that of burr. However, the digestibility of stem and petiole together was greater than that of leaf and burr together. These findings are discussed in relation to their possible biological significance.

Selecting for nutritive value in Digitaria milanjiana. 2. Intake and digestibility of divergently selected full-sibs compared with Digitaria decumbens

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Minson ◽  
JB Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Significant Comparison ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Better Than

We compare the voluntary intake and digestibility of 6 genotypes selected from 3 F1 families of Digitaria milanjiana for high or low leaf digestibility, and D. decumbens (pangola grass). Swards were harvested on 6 occasions (4 by 4-week regrowths, 1 by 10-week and 1 by 14-week regrowth) and fed to sheep in metabolism cages. Averaged over families and regrowths, high digestibility selections were significantly superior to low digestibility selections in digestibility, voluntary dry matter intake and intake of metabolisable energy. There was a large range in leafiness of the genotypes. Correlations between leafiness and in vivo digestibility, dry matter (DM) intake and intake of metabolisable energy were positive and statistically significant. Comparison of full-sibs at the same percentage stem (80 and 100%) suggested a higher DM intake, digestibility and intake of metabolisable energy of stem from genotypes selected for high leaf digestibility. Averaged over harvests, none of the selected genotypes was significantly superior to pangola grass in digestibility but all were superior in DM intake and 5 in intake of metabolisable energy. The best selected genotype was 35% better than pangola grass in terms of intake of metabolisable energy. Differences in in vitro digestibility of young leaves from vegetative tillers of full sibs, the characteristic on which the genotypes had been selected, were maintained under sward conditions, although differences were reduced.

In vivo digestibility and voluntary intake by sheep of five lines of Cenchrus ciliaris selected on the basis of in vitro digestibility

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Minson ◽  
RA Bray
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Voluntary Intake

A study is reported on the voluntary intake and digestibility by sheep of five lines of Cenchrus ciliaris when grown as swards and cut at five different stages of growth. Previous studies with C. ciliaris grown in small plots had shown large differences between lines in in vitro digestibility of plucked samples: high-digestibility line 1,63.6%; medium-digestibility lines 9, 59.9%, and 14, 61.3%; and low-digestibility lines 17, 55.9% and 29, 55.7%. When these five lines were grown as swards and fed to sheep, their mean dry matter digestibilities ranged from 60.3% for line 1 to 56.3% for line 29. There was a 0.95 correlation between the in vitro digestibility of the selections and the in vivo digestibility when grown as swards. Voluntary intake of line 1 was 9% higher than that of line 29, while intake of digestible dry matter was 16% higher. Line 1 had the highest leaf and lowest lignin percentage. It was concluded that Cenchrus ciliaris selected on the basis of a higher in vitro digestibility in small plots had superior in vivo digestibility of the dry matter and superior voluntary intake when grown in large areas.

The nutritive value of banana (Musa acuminata L.) by-products for maintaining goats

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-216
Author(s):  
M. C. Pieltain ◽  
J. I. R. Castan ◽  
M. R. Ventura ◽  
M. P. Flores
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
By Products

Abstract The nutritive value of banana by-products (leaves, pseudostems and raceme stems) for goats was studied by rumen degradability and in vitro digestibility techniques, voluntary intake and maintenance trials. Banana by-products had both a relatively low degradability and digestibility, with derived metabolizable energy content (MJ ME per kg dry matter (DM)) of 6·54 for leaves, 6·66 for pseudostems and 8·24 for raceme stems. Daily voluntary intake (g DM per kg M0·75) was 66·4 for leaves, 19·3 for pseudostems, and 15·3 for raceme stems. On these results, pseudostems and raceme stems would provide less than 0·30 of maintenance ME needs of goats. However, rations based only on banana leaves should meet more than 0·85 of the maintenance energy needs.

scholarly journals Nutritive value index of treated wheat straw with Pleurotus fungi

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6-1) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fazaeli
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Wheat straw was inoculated with spawns of two species of Pleurotus fungi (coded: PF and PO) and incubated in a fermentation room at 22?5?C and 70?5, relative humidity. After 17 days of spawning, when the substrate was completely covered by fungal mycelia, half of the bags were removed from the fermentation room, sun dried and used for in vitro measurements and in vivo study as well, using of sheep. For the remainder of the bags, fermentation was allowed for seven weeks during which the fruiting mushroom was harvested two times, and then spent straw was collected and dried under the sun. In a feeding trial, in vivo digestibility and voluntary intake of treated straw was compared with initial straw in cattle, when the dietary treatments were: 1) Initial wheat straw (IWS); 2) Fungal (PF) treated wheat straw before mushroom formation (FTWS); 3) Fungal (PF) spent wheat straw (SPWS) after mushroom was harvested. Results showed that, the fungal treatments significantly (P<0.05) affected the nutrient composition of wheat straw by increasing the CP and ash, but decreasing the OM, NDF, ADF, ADL, cellulose (CL) and hemi cellulose (HCL) contents. The in vitro digestibility of DM and OM were significantly (P<0.05) the highest for PF treated straw but the lowest for the initial straw. The in vivo digestibility of most components were significantly (P<0.05) increased, in sheep, however treatment PF showed the higher amounts of digestibility than that of the PO with exception for crude protein CP and HCL. Regarding the feeding trial by cow, results indicated that, the highest amount of DM and OM digestibility were found in FTWS followed by SPWS, but the initial straw had the lowest digestibility (P<0.05). Average daily intake of DM, OM, as well as the digestible DM and OM intake were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the treatments. In comparison to the IWS, PO inoculated straw increased the voluntary intake of digestible DM and OM, at the stage of mycellial running, however, the digestibility and intake of SPWS were significantly (P<0.05) reduced to the level of initial straw. In conclusion, fermentation of wheat straw by Pleurotus florida and P. ostreatus, improved the nutritive value of straw although the effect of P.F. was more than that of the P.O. In addition, fungal treatment of straw before mushroom formation, improved the nutritive value index, but no enhancement was found in SPWS comparing with the initial straw.

scholarly journals Effect of Substitution of Urea With Different Type and Levels of Ruminant Manure on Nutritive Value of Rice Straw Silage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
Ali Ameen Saeed ◽  
Saja Intisar Abid
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
N Content ◽  
Aerobic Stability

This study was conducted in Nutrition Lab. to investigate the effect of the type and level of substitution of urea with ruminant manure, M (sheep, cow and buffalo) on basis of nitrogen (N) content on the nutritive value of rice straw silage (RSS). Accordingly silages were nominated as, S-RSS, C-RSS and B-RSS. Urea (U) was substituted with dried manure at 6 combinations, 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 of U:M. Silage samples were prepared by treating chopped straw with pre-treated solution contained 10% low quality debis and 2% urea. Results showed that lower (P˂0.01) DM loss (11.4%) was observed in S-RSS, and with addition of urea only (3.6%).        Samples of S-RSS and C-RSS recorded higher (P˂0.01) Fleig points (Fp) as compared with those prepared by the addition of B-RSS, 60.42, 55.58 and 49.59 respectively. Reduction (P˂0.01) in this parameter was noticed in samples prepared with a combination of 100:0. Aerobic stability (AS) was a reduced (P˂0.01) in samples prepared by addition of S-RSS by 15 and 13 hours in comparison with samples of C-RSS and B-RSS respectively. Samples prepared with combination of 100:0 were prior (P˂0.01) as compared with other samples.        Results also showed an increase (P˂0.01) in in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVOMD) in samples of S-RSS in comparison with samples prepared by addition of C-RSS and B-RSS, 49.99, 44.59 and 42.77% respectively. Samples prepared with combination of 100:0 recorded lower (P˂0.05) in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) as compared with combinations of 70:30 and 60:40 of U: M, 40.52, 45.36 and 45.94% respectively.

Relationship between intake of silage and its chemical composition and in vitro digestibility

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
DC Brown ◽  
JC Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Lactic Acids

Twenty experimental silages were made from seven pasture species at different stages of maturity. In vivo dry matter, organic matter, and energy ad libitum intakes and digestibilities of the silages were determined with standardized pairs of Merino wethers. The following chemical characteristics of the silages were measured: nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total titratable acids, acetic, propionic, butyric, and lactic acids, total volatiles lost during oven drying, lactic acid as a percentage of the total organic acids, pH, acid pepsin dry matter disappearance, dry matter content, and in vitro digestibility and rate of digestion. When all 20 silages were considered, energy intakes on a body weight basis were significantly related to silage pH (r = 0.55) and rate of in vitro digestion (r = 0.58). When the five legume silages were removed from the analysis and only the 15 grass-dominant silages were considered, dry matter intakes were significantly related to acetic (r = –0.57) and propionic acid (r = –0.55) concentrations. Multiple regression analyses did not significantly increase the accuracy of predicting intake. The results suggested that silage intake was negatively related to the degree of fermentation that occurred during the ensiling process.

Nutritive value index of treated wheat straw with Pleurotus fungi fed to cow

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
Hassan Fazaeli ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Biological de-lignification of straw by white-rot fungi seems a promising way of improving its nutritive value. The bio-conversion of lignocellulosic materials is circumscribed to the group of white-rot fungi, of which some species of Pleurotus are capable of producing upgraded spent-straws as ruminant feed (Fazaeli et al., 2004). Treating of cereal straw with white-rot fungi as animal feed was studied by several workers (Gupta et al., 1993; Zadrazil, 1997). However, most of the trials were conducted at in vitro stage and used cell wall degradation and in vitro digestibility as an index to evaluate the biological treatments. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of fungal treatment on the voluntary intake, in vivo digestibility and nutritive value index of wheat straw obtained from short-term and long-term solid state fermentation (SSF).

Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of nine plant species from Semnan rangeland for camel in Iran

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 233-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Towhidi ◽  
Farnoush Rostami ◽  
Reza Masoumi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Arid Rangelands

In Iran, Javan (2001) has reported the digestibility some arid rangelands plants by bovine rumen liquor. The determination of in vivo digestibility of wheat straw implies that camel apparently digested poor quality roughages more than cattle and sheep (Cianci et al., 2004). Therefore, It is required to measure the in vitro digestibility of herbages by camel rumen liquor. In province of yazd, nutritive value of 11 different plant species for camel were determined (Towhidi, 2007). The objectives of the current study were to determine 1) the chemical composition, gross energy of the most consuming plant species from rangeland of Semnan province including Seidlitzia rosmarinu, Tamarix tetragyna, Tamarix strica, Halostachys spp, Saudea fruticosa., Alhagi camelorum, Haloxylon ammondendron., Salsola arbescola, Hammada salicornica and, 2) in vitro digestibility of the plants by camel rumen liquor.

Differences between the in vitro digestibility of extrusa collected from oesophageal fistulated steers and the forage consumed

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Coates ◽  
Robert J. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
C3 Grasses

In a study that included C4 tropical grasses, C3 temperate grasses and C3 pasture legumes, in vitro dry matter digestibility of extrusa, measured as in vitro dry matter loss (IVDML) during incubation, compared with that of the forage consumed, was greater for grass extrusa but not for legume extrusa. The increase in digestibility was not caused by mastication or by the freezing of extrusa samples during storage but by the action of saliva. Comparable increases in IVDML were achieved merely by mixing bovine saliva with ground forage samples. Differences were greater than could be explained by increases due to completely digestible salivary DM. There was no significant difference between animals in relation to the saliva effect on IVDML and, except for some minor differences, similar saliva effects on IVDML were measured using either the pepsin–cellulase or rumen fluid–pepsin in vitro techniques. For both C4 and C3 grasses the magnitude of the differences were inversely related to IVDML of the feed and there was little or no difference between extrusa and feed at high digestibilities (>70%) whereas differences of more than 10 percentage units were measured on low quality grass forages. The data did not suggest that the extrusa or saliva effect on digestibility was different for C3 grasses than for C4 grasses but data on C3 grasses were limited to few species and to high digestibility samples. For legume forages there was no saliva effect when the pepsin–cellulase method was used but there was a small but significant positive effect using the rumen fluid–pepsin method. It was concluded that when samples of extrusa are analysed using in vitro techniques, predicted in vivo digestibility of the feed consumed will often be overestimated, especially for low quality grass diets. The implications of overestimating in vivo digestibility and suggestions for overcoming such errors are discussed.

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