Immunoglobulin-Y (IgY) levels in domestic fowl exposed to red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 172-172
Author(s):  
S. Arkle ◽  
J. H. Guy ◽  
O. Sparagano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Immunoglobulin Production ◽  
Natural Exposure ◽  
Egg Yolks

Red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae; De Geer, 1778) is currently the most economically deleterious ectoparasite of layer hens in several countries (Chauve, 1998). D. gallinae is an obligatory haematophagous ectoparasite of both domestic and wild birds (Bruneau et al., 2001), only found on the host during darkness when obtaining a blood meal. The remaining part of its lifecycle is spent concealed deep in the house substructure, in cracks and crevices, with control typically implemented via chemical spraying. Mite exposure in laying hens generally results in irritation, restlessness, anaemia, and occasionally death and may subsequently lead to decreased egg production, poor shell integrity, blood staining and egg size reductions (Chauve, 1998; Cosoroaba, 2001). Natural exposure to mite-antigens during feeding activates humoral immunity of the fowl, in the form of immunoglobulin production. However, the magnitude of this serological response over a prolonged infestation period and at different mite population levels is unclear. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the levels of anti-mite immunoglobulin present in egg yolks of laying hens in flocks infested with differing population levels of red mite over a period of 16 weeks.

RESPONSE OF LAYING HENS TO GRADED LEVELS OF DIETARY NUTRAFOS 3 IN A HUMID TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
M. MONSI ◽  
A. O. AMAKIRI
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Haugh Unit

Four groups of 48 laying hens (Gallus domesticus), midway in their laying cycle were fed diets containing graded levels (0.00%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5%) of dietary Nutrafos 3 for 56 days. The completely randomized experimental arrangement was designed to evaluate the responses of the caged layers to the inclusive levels of the additive under humid tropical conditions. The dietary additive produced statistically significant (P< 0.01) improvements in the rate of egg production of the hens. Significant increases (P< 0.01) in feed consumption and improvements in feed efficiency (P < 0.01) were also observed. Haugh unit was significantly (P < 0.05) depressed by dietary Nutrafos 3, especially at the highest level of inclusion. There was no treatment effect on egg size as well as some major anatomical characteristics. The best overall performance was achieved at the 3.5% level of dietary inclusion in contrast to the proprietary recommendation of 2.5%.

Performance of laying hens fed on diets containing heat-treated beans (Vicia faba L. var. minor), cotyledons and hulls

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-701
Author(s):  
G. Olaboro ◽  
L. D. Campbell ◽  
R. R. Marquardt
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Vicia Faba L

SUMMARYTwo experiments were conducted to study the influence of heat treatment of Vicia faba beans on the productive performance of laying hens fed diets containing large proportions of the beans. In the first experiment, the effects of extruding and pelleting the beans were studied while in the second experiment the effects of autoclaving at 121 °C for 30 min the cotyledons and hulls of the beans were evaluated. Hyline-W36 layers were used in the first experiment while two strains (Shaver-288 and Dekalb) of birds were used in the second experiment. Each experiment lasted 5 months during which data on egg production, egg weight, feed intake, mortality and body-weight gain of birds were collected. The results obtained indicated that heat treatment (extruding, pelleting and autoclaving) of the beans, cotyledons and hulls had no beneficial effect on the productive performance of laying hens fed on diets containing large proportions of the heated beans, cotyledons and hulls. Egg-size reducing factors appeared to be concentrated in the cotyledons rather than the hulls of the beans.

Performance of laying hens as affected by the supplementation of a barley-based diet with a crude enzyme preparation from Trichoderma viride

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brufau ◽  
R. Cos ◽  
A. Pérez-Vendrell ◽  
E. Esteve-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Crude Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Enzyme Supplement

Two experiments were conducted to compare the performance of Leghorn hens fed a barley-based diet (68.93%) containing three levels of a Trichoderma viride enzyme supplement (0, 100 and 200 mg kg−1 as treatments T2, T3 and T4, respectively) with those obtained when fed a corn-based diet (Treatment T1). In exp. 1, 80 hens were used to determine performance during four 28-d periods, between 21 and 37 wk of age. Egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency and egg weight of the hens were not affected by enzyme supplement and were similar to those of hens fed the corn diet (P > 0.05). There were also no significant effects on feed consumption per gram of egg or per bird per day (P > 0.05). There was a significant interaction for egg weight between enzyme addition and periods (P < 0.034), indicating that enzyme supplementation improved egg size in the early periods. In exp. 2, 20 hens were fed the same diets to measure water consumption and the ratio of water to feed consumption. Water consumption was not affected (P < 0.07) but the ratio of water to feed was significantly reduced (P < 0.0005) when enzyme was added to the barley-based diet. Water consumption in g d−1 was 172 for T1, 215 for T2, 211 for T3, and 195 for T4, and the water to feed ratios were 1.40, 1.85, 1.66, and 1.56, respectively. These results demonstrate that barley can replace corn in layer diets and that the addition of enzyme to barley-based diets appears to improve egg size and to reduce water consumption relative to feed intake in young laying hens. Key words: Laying hens, performance, water consumption, β-glucans, enzyme supplementation

USE OF FABABEANS IN DIETS FOR LAYING HENS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. CAMPBELL ◽  
G. OLABORO ◽  
R. R. MARQUARDT ◽  
D. WADDELL
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Depressing Effect ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Supplemental Protein

A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate fababeans as a source of supplemental protein for use in diets for laying hens. Experimental and commercial-type feeding trials were used to determine the influence of level of dietary addition of fababeans, methionine supplementation, heat treatment of fababeans and dehulling of fababeans on productive performance. When diets adequately supplemented with methionine were used, egg production rates of hens fed fababeans were similar to those of controls except for high dietary levels of fababeans (in excess of 25%) where a depression was indicated. Mortality rates were not influenced by addition of fababeans to the diet. Hens fed fababeans consistently laid eggs of a smaller size than those of controls and the extent of the egg size depression was related to the level of fababeans in the diet. The egg size depressing effect of fababeans was not related to dietary levels of protein or energy and was not influenced by heat treatment of fababeans or removal of hulls from fababeans. Fababeans can be used effectively as a protein source in diets for laying hens and the effect on egg size should be a factor given consideration when the choice to use fababeans is made.

scholarly journals Poultry welfare in terms of poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) impact and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Аleksandar Pavlicevic ◽  
Ivan Pavlovic ◽  
Radomir Ratajac ◽  
Danica Popovic ◽  
Branislav Davidovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Infestation Intensity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Economic Damages

Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto.

scholarly journals Preference Of Laying Hens For Different Protein Sources In A Cafeteria Type Feeding System

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
J. O. Atteh ◽  
A. Ajakaiye
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Protein Sources

Laying hens (29-wk old) had access to a basal diet and one of full-fat soybeans, fish meal or blood meal during a 6-week trial to investigate their preference for different protein sources.  There was no effect of the dietary treatment on egg production, egg weight or mortality rate (P>0.05). However, weight loss was different (P<0.05) among the treatments with the largest body weight loss observed in birds offered blood meal.

scholarly journals Vegetable pigments in sorghum-based diets for laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donaldo Antônio Nunes Junior ◽  
Heder José D’Avila Lima ◽  
Jean Kaique Valentim ◽  
Laura Aline Zanelatto Souza ◽  
Nayara Emanoelle Matos e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the inclusion of different natural pigment solutions in diets formulated with maize and sorghum solutions on the growth performance and egg quality of commercial laying hens created in hot climates. Throughout the conduction of this experiment, were used 252 laying hens of the Hisex Brow, in a completely randomized design, with six treatments, seven repetitions, and six birds per plot. The experimental diets were assigned with different energy sources and adding pigmentation solutions, diet 1 (corn), diet 2 (corn + annatto), diet 3 (corn + carrot), diet 4 (sorghum), diet 5 (sorghum + annatto), diet 6 (sorghum + Carrot).  Afterward, being evaluated the performance and quality of eggs. It was observed significant difference with reference t egg production, egg weight (g), gem weight (g), the weight of shell (g), albumin in weight (g), and gem coloration (tons) among the treatments. There was no difference in the parameters of performance and quality of eggs evaluated, only the variable yolk color had a significant effect between treatments. Replacing the energy source of the corn diet with sorghum in the diet of laying hens at peak production provides similar performance and egg quality, which can be a substitute for quality and efficiency. The use of annatto and carrots as a natural pigmentation promotes greater pigmentation of the egg yolks of laying Hisex Brown eggs and does not impair the performance of the birds.

scholarly journals Effect of Feeding Achiote Seed on Egg-Yolk Pigmentation

1969 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
F. T. Landagora
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Orange Color ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Basal Ration

The yolk-coloring effect of "achiote" seed was investigated. Hens fed a ration supplemented with whole achiote seed laid eggs with deep-colored yolks. The red-orange color that was observed in the egg yolks of the achiote group persisted in both fresh and boiled eggs. Ground achiote seed fed to laying hens did not impart color to the egg yolks when added to the basal ration or when mixed with the drinking water given. The addition of whole achiote seed to the ration fed to laying hens not only colored the egg yolks more deeply, but also increased egg production. Since Puerto Rican consumers prefer eggs with deeper colored yolks this rinding has potential commercial significance.

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