Effects of a combination of Korean traditional herbal extracts on the egg production and poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) in laying hens

Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto.

Download Full-text

Reduction in Oviposition of Poultry Red Mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) in Hens Vaccinated with Recombinant Akirin

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines7030121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 121 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jose Lima-Barbero ◽

Marinela Contreras ◽

Kathryn Bartley ◽

Daniel Price ◽

Francesca Nunn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Protective Antigen ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Protective Efficacy ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Production Sector ◽

Worldwide Distribution

The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is a hematophagous ectoparasite of birds with worldwide distribution that causes economic losses in the egg-production sector of the poultry industry. Traditional control methods, mainly based on acaricides, have been only partially successful, and new vaccine-based interventions are required for the control of PRM. Vaccination with insect Akirin (AKR) and its homolog in ticks, Subolesin (SUB), have shown protective efficacy for the control of ectoparasite infestations and pathogen infection/transmission. The aim of this study was the identification of the akr gene from D. gallinae (Deg-akr), the production of the recombinant Deg-AKR protein, and evaluation of its efficacy as a vaccine candidate for the control of PRM. The anti-Deg-AKR serum IgY antibodies in hen sera and egg yolk were higher in vaccinated than control animals throughout the experiment. The results demonstrated the efficacy of the vaccination with Deg-AKR for the control of PRM by reducing mite oviposition by 42% following feeding on vaccinated hens. A negative correlation between the levels of serum anti-Deg-AKR IgY and mite oviposition was obtained. These results support Deg-AKR as a candidate protective antigen for the control of PRM population growth.

Download Full-text

Immunological effects and productivity variation of red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) on laying hens- implications for egg production and quality

World s Poultry Science Journal ◽

10.1079/wps200594 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 249-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

S. Arkle ◽

J.H. Guy ◽

O. Sparagano

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Immunological Effects

Download Full-text

The influence of thyme and pennyroyal essential oils, found to be effective as acaricides against the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), on occurrence of taint in hens’ eggs

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200030350 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 196-196

Author(s):

T Smith ◽

D George ◽

O Sparagano ◽

R Shiel ◽

C Seal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pest Management ◽

Egg Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Growing Body ◽

Preceding Work ◽

Synthetic Pesticides

Conventional pest management (the use of synthetic pesticides) is being increasingly hampered by issues of pest resistance, tighter legislation and greater consumer demand for food stuffs produced in an environmentally friendly manner. A growing body of research suggests that essential oils may be of use as an alternative to synthetic products in managing the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), a serious pest of egg production systems for laying hens (Kim et al., 2004). It is necessary to ensure that any essential oil recommended as an acaricide against this pest does not taint the eggs produced from hens in poultry units in which the oil would be deployed. The aim of the current study was to test the hypotheses that thyme and pennyroyal essential oils, having been found to be effective as acaricides for D. gallinae in preceding work, would have no effect on the occurrence of taint in hens’ eggs.

Download Full-text

Production losses in laying hens during infestation with the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

Avian Pathology ◽

10.1080/03079457.2019.1641179 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (sup1) ◽

pp. S17-S21 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nathalie Sleeckx ◽

Stefaan Van Gorp ◽

Rik Koopman ◽

Ine Kempen ◽

Kristof Van Hoye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite ◽

Production Losses

Download Full-text

Immunoglobulin-Y (IgY) levels in domestic fowl exposed to red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200010838 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2005 ◽

pp. 172-172

Author(s):

S. Arkle ◽

J. H. Guy ◽

O. Sparagano

Keyword(s):

Blood Meal ◽

Domestic Fowl ◽

Egg Production ◽

Egg Size ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Serological Response ◽

Immunoglobulin Production ◽

Natural Exposure ◽

Egg Yolks

Red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae; De Geer, 1778) is currently the most economically deleterious ectoparasite of layer hens in several countries (Chauve, 1998). D. gallinae is an obligatory haematophagous ectoparasite of both domestic and wild birds (Bruneau et al., 2001), only found on the host during darkness when obtaining a blood meal. The remaining part of its lifecycle is spent concealed deep in the house substructure, in cracks and crevices, with control typically implemented via chemical spraying. Mite exposure in laying hens generally results in irritation, restlessness, anaemia, and occasionally death and may subsequently lead to decreased egg production, poor shell integrity, blood staining and egg size reductions (Chauve, 1998; Cosoroaba, 2001). Natural exposure to mite-antigens during feeding activates humoral immunity of the fowl, in the form of immunoglobulin production. However, the magnitude of this serological response over a prolonged infestation period and at different mite population levels is unclear. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the levels of anti-mite immunoglobulin present in egg yolks of laying hens in flocks infested with differing population levels of red mite over a period of 16 weeks.

Download Full-text

Impact of Poultry Red Mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) Infestation on Blood Parameters of Laying Hens

BioNanoScience ◽

10.1007/s12668-019-00705-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 318-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramazan M. Akbayev ◽

Alexander S. Belous ◽

Elena V. Trubnikova ◽

Elena S. Bogdanova ◽

Alla V. Belyakova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Poultry Red Mite

Download Full-text

Changes in the Percentages of B- and T-Lymphocytes and Antibody Titres in Laying Hens Infested with Dermanyssus gallinae—A Preliminary Study

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10060987 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 987

Author(s):

Sylwia Koziatek-Sadłowska ◽

Rajmund Sokół

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

B Cells ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽

Th Cells ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Antibody Titres

(1) Background: Dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of D. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) Methods: A total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (B1–B4) from 10 Hy-Line Brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer farm. The flock was naturally infested with D. gallinae and treated twice with Biobeck PA 910 (AI silicon dioxide). The samples were collected before and after each treatment. The percentages of IgM+ B cells, CD3+/CD4+ T cells and CD3+/CD8a+ T cells were determined by flow cytometry; the titres of antibodies against avian encephalomyelitis, infectious bronchitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, reticuloendotheliosis virus and avian reovirus were determined by the immunoenzymatic method. (3) Results: The percentage of Th cells and post-vaccination anti-IBV and anti-NDV antibodies decreased significantly at the second infestation peak when the number of parasites was twice higher than at the first infestation peak. Non-significant negative correlations were found between the number of mites and the percentage of B cells (R = −0.845, p > 0.05) and between the number of mites and the percentage of Th cells (R = −0.522, p > 0.05), and a significant positive correlation was noted between the number of mites and the percentage of Tc cells (R = −0.982, p < 0.05). There were non-significant correlations between the number of mites and antibody titres. (4) Conclusion: The present findings suggested that D. gallinae might inhibit immune responses since the percentages of B cells and Th cells were negatively correlated with the number of mites. The percentage of Tc cells was positively correlated with the number of mites, which indicated that D. gallinae could stimulate cellular immune responses in infested laying hens. However, further research is needed to determine whether D. gallinae suppresses the production of vaccine-induced antibodies.

Download Full-text