Bioassay for measuring tannin effects based on gas production technique. 1. Binding compounds

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
I.C.S. Bueno ◽  
P.B. Godoy ◽  
S.L.S. Cabral Filho ◽  
R.S. Dias ◽  
C. Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Tropical Legumes ◽  
The Tropics

Anti nutritional factors in tropical legumes are very common and the chemical analysis for tannins has become an important tool to evaluate alternative ruminant feeds in the tropics. However, frequently results from tannin chemical analysis are not in agreement with biological response when animals are fed those feeds. There is a lack of information concerning the biological effects (activity or reactivity) of tannins on ruminants. Usually the effects of tannins are tested in vitro by adding compounds with capacity of biding tannins. The aim of this work was to compare two binding compounds to evaluate the effect of tannins of tanniniferous feeds for ruminants.

Tannin bioassay using semi-automated gas production technique

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 218-218
Author(s):  
E.F. Nozella ◽  
S.L.S. Cabral Filho ◽  
I.C.S. Bueno ◽  
P.B. Godoy ◽  
C. Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
Phenolics Compounds

Brazil has arid regions where livestock production is limited by forage source. However, some native herbaceous browses have a dry tolerance and had been used as animal feed. Some of those plants have anti nutritional compounds such as tannins that can interfere on intake and digestibility. Tannins have a high affinity to proteins and could make these molecules unavailable for animal. Compounds as polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used on tannin studies, because it has more affinity with tannins than proteins. Based on that, it is possible to evaluate the nutritive potential of tanniniferous plants, using PEG in gas based techniques for assessing anti nutritional factors in tanniniferous plants for ruminants. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different treatments (oven-, shade- and sun-drying and treatment with urea) on phenolics compounds and on the biological activity of tannins using the in vitro gas method with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG).

Chemical composition and metabolisable energy content of four aquatic plants for sheep

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 153-153
Author(s):  
M. Sakarya ◽  
A. Kamalak ◽  
O. Canbolat ◽  
Y. Gurbuz ◽  
N. Tursun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Although some aquatic plants have been used for ruminant diets in some parts of Turkey there is a lack of information about their nutritive values. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and metabolisable energy (ME) content of four different aquatic plants using in vitro gas production technique.

A new approach for in vitro bioassay to measure tannin biological effects based on a gas production technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 141 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ives C.S. Bueno ◽  
Dorinha M.S.S. Vitti ◽  
Helder Louvandini ◽  
Adibe L. Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Bioassay ◽  
New Approach

Estimation of fermentable energy by the automatic in vitro gas production technique for a selection of feedstuffs incubated alone and in combination

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
S. Fakhri ◽  
A. R. Moss ◽  
D.I. Givens ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Selection Of

The gas production (GP) technique has previously been used to estimate the gas volume (fermentable energy (FE)) of compound feed ingredients for ruminants (Newbold et al., 1996). It was shown that the FE content of feed mixtures was represented by the combination of the total gas from the incubation of the individual feeds. However this additivity might not be consistent throughout the incubation period. The objectives were to test whether 1. other GP parameters give better estimates of FE for simple mixtures and are they additive; 2. whether organic matter apparently degraded in the rumen (OMADR) explain differences in GP; and 3. to find out if there are any other better measures than OMADR for estimating FE.

scholarly journals The nutritional evaluation of forage-based mixed rations in New Zealand using an in vitro gas production technique. 1: analytical survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
N.D. Meads ◽  
R. Tahmasbi ◽  
N. Jantasila
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock are an important consideration in environmental science. Estimating GHG production can be problematic at a farm or animal level, and requires controlled conditions to produce real data. An in vitro gas production technique (IVGPT) was developed to evaluate forage-based total mixed rations in digestion kinetics and GHG production. Two hundred and sixty samples of complete mixed rations (MR), which included a pasture component used in commercial lactating dairy herds, were collected around NZ across three calendar years, 2017-2019. Twenty of the 260 samples were 100% total mixed rations (TMR) with no pasture content. The samples were submitted for proximate analysis as well as IVGPT to generate GHG production figures. The results showed an average total gas production (TGP) of 129.82 ml/g dry matter (DM), 78.6% true digestibility (TDMD), 125.06 mg/g DM microbial biomass (MB), 20.16 g CH4/kg DM, and 12.8 MJME/kg DM. The average nutrient composition was dry matter (DM) 31.55%, crude protein (CP) 21.85%, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) 44.35%, and starch 7.03%. The IVGPT CH4 production was negatively correlated to NDF (r=-0.312), ADF (r=-0.193), TGP (r=-0.216), and was positively correlated with TDMD (r=0.250), apparent digestibility (ADMD) (r=0.614), starch (r=0.117) and volatile fatty acids (r=0.538). The MR diet showed a strong positive relationship with ADMD digestibility (P=0.01) and a negative relationship with fibre content (NDF, P=0.01 and ADF, P=0.01). However, CH4 production reduced linearly with increasing TGP (P=0.01). The results indicated that a greater CH4 production may be related to higher digestibility of mixed ration.

scholarly journals 24 Condensed tannins: structure, activity and characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Wayne Zeller
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
Ruminal Digestion

Abstract As a class of plant polyphenolic compounds contained in some forages [i.e., sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), big trefoil (Lotus pedunculatus Cav.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)], condensed tannins (CTs) exhibit a variety of biological effects on ruminants. The potential positive impact of CTs on the agricultural industry stems from their ability to modulate proteolysis during forage conservation and ruminal digestion, to prevent bloat, to reduce intestinal parasite burdens, and to abate methane and ammonia emissions from ruminants. How CTs exert these effects on ruminants focuses on the interaction of CTs with proteins. The structure-activity relationship in CT–protein interaction is not well understood but is known to be dependent on the structure and properties of both the CT and the protein. The objectives of this presentation are fivefold. First, examples of the structural diversity of CTs will be provided to enable the audience members to appreciate that not all CTs are the same. Second, examples of how CTs structural diversity affects their interaction with the protein, which in turn, dictates the biological response from the animal will be discussed. Third, the presentation will outline hurdles in obtaining highly pure and well-characterized CTs from natural sources for use in CT structural analysis and in vitro experiments. This will be followed by brief descriptions of improved and emerging techniques for CT analysis and, finally, the presentation concludes with questions to address in future investigations and a list of recommendations for CT researchers to follow.

In Vitro gas production assessement of Panicum maximum incubated with Leucaena leucocephala at varying proportions to predict the nutritional value for ruminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
O. O. Falola ◽  
O. O. Olufayo
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Tropics

The inclusion of multipurpose trees with grass such as Panicum maximum in the diet of ruminants may enhance productivity. Thus, the study was carried out to determine the proximate composition, in vitro gas production characteristics and parameters of Leucaena leucocephala and Panicum maximum at varying proportions. Five diets were formulated such that Panicum maximum was substituted with Leucaena leucocephala at different ratio: T1 (100% Panicum maximum), T2 (100% Leuceana leucocephala), T3 (50% P. maximum + 50% L. leucocephala), T4 (75% P. maximum + 25% L .leucocephala) and T5 (25% P. maximum + 75% L. leucocephala). Data were subjected to analysis of variance. Values obtained for dry matter (34.43 –35.95g/100g) decreased with the increased inclusion of Leuceana leucocephala in the diets. The crude fiber values (14.33 – 30.75g/100g) also followed the same trend while crude protein (CP) content (10.70 – 26.78g/100g) increased the inclusion of Leucaena leucocephala in the diets. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the treatment means of organic matter digestibility (OMD 31.93 – 37.07%), Metabolisable energy (ME 3.62 – 4.33 MJ/kgDM), short chain fatty acids (SCFA 0.04 – 0.16mL) and methane (ME 1.00 – 2.50 mL).The values (2.00 – 4.67 ml/200mgDM) obtained for immediate soluble 'a' was significantly (P < 0.05) different among the treatments. The extent of gas production (a+b) ranged from 2.00 – 4.67 mL/200mgDM, T1 (100% Panicum maximum) recorded the lowest while highest was observed in T2 (100% Leucaena leucocephala). The insoluble but degradable fraction 'b'ranged from 2.67 – 5.67ml/200mgDM, while the rate of gas production 'c' ranged from 0.04 – 0.14ml/hr. In conclusion, the enhanced values of crude protein, OMD, SCFA, and ME in the Panicum maximum and Leucaena leucocephala mixture indicate that the diets is able to meet the nutrients requirements of small ruminants in the tropics especially during the dry season.

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