Effect of different levels of bacterial probiotic on broilers performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
M. R. Abdollahi ◽  
A. Kamyab ◽  
A. Bazzazzadekan ◽  
A. Nik-Khah ◽  
A. Z. Shahneh
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Feed Management ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Symbiotic Organisms ◽  
Different Levels

The microbial populations in the gastrointestinal tracts of poultry play a key role in normal digestive processes and in maintaining animal health. Disease- and stress-induced changes in the physicochemical environment in the gastrointestinal tract, or simple changes in feed management practices can significantly influence the microbial populations and their effects on animal performance and health. In the last five decades, increased knowledge of the factors that influence the activities of microorganisms in the alimentary tract has helped to define the critical role of these symbiotic organisms. Probiotics, competitive exclusion and direct-fed microbial feed supplements can be used as a strategic tool for managing these microbial populations. The aim of this trial was study of effect of different levels of bacterial probiotic on broilers performance and some of blood factors.

Critical Role of Supply Chain Decoupling Point in Mass Customisation from Its Upstream and Downstream Information Systems Point of View

2011 ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
S. Saghiri
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Mass Customisation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Information ◽  
Different Levels

Concentrating on the role of supply chain decoupling point, this chapter introduces different levels of customisation and mass operations and three types of mass customisation. It argues that in each mass customisation type, information systems which are upstream and downstream of the decoupling point can be varied. Consequently, information flows in different types of mass customisation have been examined. This analysis is an endeavour to organise mass customisation information systems across the supply chain, while it can be a useful structure for future researches in this area as well.

197 Critical Role of Epithelial Cell-Derived IL-25 in Nematode Infection-Induced Changes in Intestinal Function in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-36
Author(s):  
Aiping Zhao ◽  
Joseph F. Urban ◽  
Rex Sun ◽  
Jennifer A. Stiltz ◽  
Motoko Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Nematode Infection ◽  
Intestinal Function ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Community Structures of Fecal Bacteria in Cattle from Different Animal Feeding Operations

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 2992-3001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orin C. Shanks ◽  
Catherine A. Kelty ◽  
Shawn Archibeque ◽  
Michael Jenkins ◽  
Ryan J. Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Fecal Bacteria ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Animal Feeding Operations ◽  
Animal Feeding

ABSTRACTThe fecal microbiome of cattle plays a critical role not only in animal health and productivity but also in food safety, pathogen shedding, and the performance of fecal pollution detection methods. Unfortunately, most published molecular surveys fail to provide adequate detail about variability in the community structures of fecal bacteria within and across cattle populations. Using massively parallel pyrosequencing of a hypervariable region of the rRNA coding region, we profiled the fecal microbial communities of cattle from six different feeding operations where cattle were subjected to consistent management practices for a minimum of 90 days. We obtained a total of 633,877 high-quality sequences from the fecal samples of 30 adult beef cattle (5 individuals per operation). Sequence-based clustering and taxonomic analyses indicate less variability within a population than between populations. Overall, bacterial community composition correlated significantly with fecal starch concentrations, largely reflected in changes in theBacteroidetes,Proteobacteria, andFirmicutespopulations. In addition, network analysis demonstrated that annotated sequences clustered by management practice and fecal starch concentration, suggesting that the structures of bovine fecal bacterial communities can be dramatically different in different animal feeding operations, even at the phylum and family taxonomic levels, and that the feeding operation is a more important determinant of the cattle microbiome than is the geographic location of the feedlot.

HR professionals: key drivers for implementing sustainable business practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Shabnam Priyadarshini
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Changing Demographics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of sustainable management practices in the current era. The paper highlights the critical role that HR Professionals play in driving this sustainability agenda in organizations. Design/methodology/approach The paper delebrates on how the philosophy of various stakeholders has changed in recent years in embracing responsible management practices. The paper also discusses the role of HR Professionals in embedding and internationalizing a sustainable strategy into the organizational culture. It also discusses some ways with the help of suitable examples from the industry. Findings As globalization, ever-changing demographics and competition for the world’s draining resources force transformational change, businesses would require leadership that is not only enlightened but sustainability-savvy as well to prosper. HR has a very critical role to play in aligning talent with these emerging realities. Originality/value This paper discusses how a growing number of organizations are acknowledging sustainability as a key differentiator for competitive advantage. Furthermore, it discusses the significance of HR Professionals in pushing the sustainability agenda in their organizations. It also presents the strategies and methods to achieve the same with the help of suitable examples.

The effect of management practice on performance: The moderating role of ownership

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rieg ◽  
Patrick Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Different Levels

While scholars agree that ownership matters for firm performance in general, the detailed effects are still debated. We argue that ownership impacts firm performance not only directly but also through implementing different levels of management practice that impact firm performance too. We show that interactions between ownership and management practice have positive and negative effects on firm performance depending on how different owners can exploit the benefits of management practices or not. In that sense, ownership moderates the effect of management practices on performance

Collaborative Market Making

2019 ◽  
pp. 287-312
Author(s):  
Pinar Ozcan ◽  
Kerem Gurses
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Regulatory Uncertainty ◽  
Market Formation ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Interfirm Alliances ◽  
Different Levels

Extant work has identified many aspects of market formation including the mechanisms and processes associated with the origins of new markets and the trajectories of market emergence. However, the critical role of interfirm alliances in the formation of new markets still remains unexplored. This chapter brings forward interfirm alliances as a critical tool for firms to fuel the formation of new markets, which are often characterized by high levels of demand, supply, and regulatory uncertainty. To take a systematic look at the role of alliances in market formation, the chapter first describes the different alliance forms under the general categories of dyadic and multipartner alliances. Within these categories, the chapter discusses the potential impact of the respective alliance type on reducing different levels of uncertainty and catalyzing market emergence. It also provides an extensive discussion of the challenges that firms typically face within each type of alliance with regards to market formation. The chapter concludes with directions for future research in exploring alliances as tools for market formation.

scholarly journals Bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria. A Powerful Alternative as Antimicrobials, Probiotics, and Immunomodulators in Veterinary Medicine

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Hernández-González ◽  
Abigail Martínez-Tapia ◽  
Gebim Lazcano-Hernández ◽  
Blanca Estela García-Pérez ◽  
Nayeli Shantal Castrejón-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

In the search for an alternative treatment to reduce antimicrobial resistance, bacteriocins shine a light on reducing this problem in public and animal health. Bacteriocins are peptides synthesized by bacteria that can inhibit the growth of other bacteria and fungi, parasites, and viruses. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of bacteria that produce bacteriocins; their mechanism of action can replace antibiotics and prevent bacterial resistance. In veterinary medicine, LAB and bacteriocins have been used as antimicrobials and probiotics. However, another critical role of bacteriocins is their immunomodulatory effect. This review shows the advances in applying bacteriocins in animal production and veterinary medicine, highlighting their biological roles.

scholarly journals Antibiotic use in pig farms at different levels of intensification—Farmers’ practices in northeastern Thailand

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243099
Author(s):  
Gunilla Ström Hallenberg ◽  
Jatesada Jiwakanon ◽  
Sunpetch Angkititrakul ◽  
Seri Kang-air ◽  
Kristina Osbjer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Northeastern Thailand

Understanding the patterns and drivers of antibiotic use in livestock is crucial for tailoring efficient incentives for responsible use of antibiotics. Here we compared routines for antibiotic use between pig farms of two different levels of intensification in Khon Kaen province in Thailand. Among the 113 family-owned small-scale farms (up to 50 sows) interviewed did 76% get advice from the pharmacy about how to use the antibiotics and 84% used it primarily for treating disease. Among the 51 medium-scale-farms (100–500 sows) belonging to two companies did 100% get advice about antibiotic use from the company’s veterinarian (P<0.0001) and 94% used antibiotics mostly as disease preventive measure (P<0.0001). In 2 small scale farms 3rd generation cephalosporins, tylosin or colistin were used; antibiotics belonging to the group of highest priority critically important antimicrobials for human medicine. Enrofloxacin, belonging to the same group of antimicrobials, was used in 33% of the small-scale and 41% of the medium-scale farms. In the latter farms, the companies supplied 3–4 antibiotics belonging to different classes and those were the only antibiotics used in the farms. The median and mean estimated expenditure on antibiotics per sow was 4.8 USD (IQR = 5.8) for small-scale farms and 7 USD and 3.4 USD for the medium-scale farms belonging to the two respective companies. Our observations suggest to target the following areas when pig farming transitions from small-scale to medium-scale: (i) strengthening access to professional animal health services for all farmers, (ii) review of the competence and role of veterinary pharmacies in selling antibiotics and (iii) adjustment of farming company animal health protocols towards more medically rational use of antibiotics.

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