Critical Role of Supply Chain Decoupling Point in Mass Customisation from Its Upstream and Downstream Information Systems Point of View

2011 ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
S. Saghiri
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Mass Customisation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Information ◽  
Different Levels

Concentrating on the role of supply chain decoupling point, this chapter introduces different levels of customisation and mass operations and three types of mass customisation. It argues that in each mass customisation type, information systems which are upstream and downstream of the decoupling point can be varied. Consequently, information flows in different types of mass customisation have been examined. This analysis is an endeavour to organise mass customisation information systems across the supply chain, while it can be a useful structure for future researches in this area as well.

scholarly journals Wydajność fiskalna podatków lokalnych, jej uwarunkowania i przestrzenne zróżnicowanie w Polsce

Studia BAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (65) ◽  
pp. 55-75
Author(s):  
Joanna Śmiechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Estate Tax ◽  
Local Taxes ◽  
Real Estate Tax ◽  
Fiscal Efficiency ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Public Revenues

The article focuses on the fiscal efficiency of local taxes which in Poland are levies on wealth, i.e., real estate tax, means of transport tax, agricultural tax and forestry tax. The author discusses the determinants of fiscal efficiency of local taxes. Special attention is given to the analysis and assessment of fiscal importance of these taxes for municipalities and cities with powiat status, and to the role of public revenues for local government budgets. The author also compares fiscal efficiency of local taxes from the point of view of various types of their recipients and different levels of local government in Poland.

scholarly journals Paracrine interactions between epithelial cells promote colon cancer growth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Jacquemin ◽  
Annabelle Wurmser ◽  
Mathilde Huyghe ◽  
Wenjie Sun ◽  
Meghan Perkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Tumour Formation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTumours are complex ecosystems composed of different types of cells that communicate and influence each other. While the critical role of stromal cells in affecting tumour growth is well established, the impact of mutant cancer cells on healthy surrounding tissues remains poorly defined. Here, we uncovered a paracrine mechanism by which intestinal cancer cells reactivate foetal and regenerative Yap-associated transcriptional programs in neighbouring wildtype epithelial cells, rendering them adapted to thrive in the tumour context. We identified the glycoprotein Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1) as the essential factor that mediates non-cell autonomous morphological and transcriptional responses. Importantly, Thbs1 is associated with bad prognosis in several human cancers. This study reveals the Thbs1-YAP axis as the mechanistic link mediating paracrine interactions between epithelial cells, promoting tumour formation and progression.

Towards Process-of-Care Aware Emergency Department Information Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 241-254
Author(s):  
Andrzej S. Ceglowski ◽  
Leonid Churilov
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Patient Complexity ◽  
Injured Patients

The critical role of emergency departments (EDs) as the first point of contact for ill and injured patients has presented significant challenges for the elicitation of detailed process models. Patient complexity has limited the ability of ED information systems (EDIS) in prediction of patient treatment and patient movement. This article formulates a novel approach to building EDIS Activity Views that paves the way for EDIS that can predict patient workflow. The resulting Activity View pertains to what is being done, rather than what experts think is being done. The approach is based on analysis of data that is routinely recorded during patient treatment. The practical significance of the proposed approach is clinically acceptable, verifiable, and statistically valid process-oriented clusters of ED activities that can be used for targeted process elicitation, thus informing the design of EDIS. Its theoretical significance is in providing the new middle ground between existing soft and computational process elicitation methods.

Bridging B2B E-Commerce Gaps for Taiwanese SMEs

2011 ◽  
pp. 2086-2105
Author(s):  
Yu Chung William Wang ◽  
Michael S.H. Heng
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Taiwanese Government

Many Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been under pressures from large firms to implement Business-to-Business e-commerce (B2B e-commerce) information systems. However, these SMEs have faced various challenges to do so in the supply chain. This chapter explains the role of Taiwanese government in supporting SMEs in implementing e-commerce by analysing the interactions of government teams with current projects, and challenges of Taiwanese SMEs. Discussions and analyses focus on the government help in setting up infrastructure, B2B e-commerce implementation, and interfirm interactions among SMEs and larger firms. The Taiwanese government has been promoting its global logistic strategy for economic development which stresses supply chain integration by bridging information flows among overseas enterprises, domestic large firms, and local SMEs. Government projects related to this strategy are intended to anchor SMEs’ growing needs in linking B2B e-commerce with large firms. Our analyses and proposal dwell on how government can further bridge the gaps between the intrinsic barriers of SMEs and the interactions with larger firms in B2B e-commerce implementation.

Towards Process-of-Care Aware Emergency Department Information Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 1916-1929
Author(s):  
Andrzej S. Ceglowski ◽  
Leonid Churilov
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Patient Complexity ◽  
Injured Patients

The critical role of emergency departments (EDs) as the first point of contact for ill and injured patients has presented significant challenges for the elicitation of detailed process models. Patient complexity has limited the ability of ED information systems (EDIS) in prediction of patient treatment and patient movement. This article formulates a novel approach to building EDIS Activity Views that paves the way for EDIS that can predict patient workflow. The resulting Activity View pertains to “what is being done,” rather than “what experts think is being done.” The approach is based on analysis of data that is routinely recorded during patient treatment. The practical significance of the proposed approach is clinically acceptable, verifiable, and statistically valid process-oriented clusters of ED activities that can be used for targeted process elicitation, thus informing the design of EDIS. Its theoretical significance is in providing the new “middle ground” between existing “soft” and “computational” process elicitation methods.

scholarly journals The Role of α-Synuclein Oligomers in Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8645
Author(s):  
Xiao-yu Du ◽  
Xi-xiu Xie ◽  
Rui-tian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Propagation Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Oligomeric Forms ◽  
Neurodegeneration Disease

α-synuclein (α-syn) is a protein associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegeneration disease with no effective treatment. However, how α-syn drives the pathology of PD remains elusive. Recent studies suggest that α-syn oligomers are the primary cause of neurotoxicity and play a critical role in PD. In this review, we discuss the process of α-syn oligomers formation and the current understanding of the structures of oligomers. We also describe seed and propagation effects of oligomeric forms of α-syn. Then, we summarize the mechanism by which α-syn oligomers exert neurotoxicity and promote neurodegeneration, including mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, proteostasis dysregulation, synaptic impairment, cell apoptosis and neuroinflammation. Finally, we investigate treatment regimens targeting α-syn oligomers at present. Further research is needed to understand the structure and toxicity mechanism of different types of oligomers, so as to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of PD.

Information systems and the stimulation of creativity

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bawden
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Creativity ◽  
New Information ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Infor Mation

The nature of scientific creativity from the point of view of information provision is discussed, and the contributions of current information systems assessed. The changes necessary to enable 'formal' library/information channels to play a fuller part in stimulating creativity are discussed. They include: representation of information for detection of analogies, pat terns and exceptions; interdisciplinary information, and the role of reviews; creation of an information-rich environment, including peripheral material; extension of browsing capabili ties, in both printed and computerized systems; direct involve ment of information users; serendipitous use of literature; individually oriented information access; integration of infor mation systems into formal creativity stimulation techniques. The implications of new information technology, particularly for the convergence of formal and informal communication channels, are considered. The necessity for research (theoretical and practical) on these topics is pointed out. A bibliography of 103 references attempts to draw together some of the scattered relevant literature. '

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