Evaluation of mathematical models to describe protein fraction degradation kinetics of various oilseed meals

In situ procedure is a direct method of measuring the rumen degradation kinetic of a feed nutrient. Data obtained by this technique are generally analysed using an exponential curve (Ørskov and McDonald, 1979). However, very low attention has been paid to choice of mathematical model to fit the curves and goodness-of-fit of the model. Lopez et al. (1999) pointed out that the disappearance of some feed components, particularly structural carbohydrates, exhibits a larger variety of forms than for crude protein (CP). In the present study, two different mathematical models of a straight line or a negative exponential (France et al., 1990; and Ørskov and McDonald, 1979) were selected to evaluate in situ degradation kinetics of protein fractions including true protein (TP), neutral-detergent insoluble protein (NDIP) and acid-detergent insoluble protein (ADIP) of various oilseed meals (cottonseed meal (CSM), soyabean meal (SM) and rapeseed meal (RM)).

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Effects of Drying and Ensiling on In situ Cell Wall Degradation Kinetics of Tomato Pomace in Ruminant

Asian Journal of Animal Sciences ◽

10.3923/ajas.2012.196.202 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 196-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Naser Maheri-Sis ◽

Mohammad Chamani ◽

Ali Asghar Sadeghi ◽

Ali Mirzaaghaz ◽

Kambiz Nazeradl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Cell Wall Degradation ◽

Tomato Pomace ◽

Kinetics Of

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SYNCHRONIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SUPPLY IN THE SUGARCANE BAGASSE BASED RATION ON IN SITU NUTRIENT DEGRADABILITY

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.41.1.28-36 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F. F. Sani ◽

L. K. Nuswantara ◽

E. Pangestu ◽

F. Wahyono ◽

J. Achmadi

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Nitrogen Supply ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Synchronization Index ◽

In Situ Degradation ◽

Protein Supply ◽

Kinetics Of

Two adult male sheeps fitted with rumen cannula were used in two experiments to study the effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and nitrogen supply in sugarcane bagasse based total mixed ration (TMR) on in situ nutrient degradation. The first experiment was aimed to create three TMR with different synchronization index. Ingredient feedstuffs of TMR were evaluated for its in situ organic matter (OM) and nitrogen (N) degradation kinetics. On the basis of the OM and N degradation kinetics of feedstuffs, three sugarcane bagasse based TMR were formulated with synchronization indexes of 0.37; 0.50; and 0.63; respectively. The TMR had similar levels of crude protein (CP), total digestible nutrients, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). In the second experiment, the three TMR with different synchronization index were evaluated for in situ degradability characteristics of OM, CP, NDF, and sulfur. The in situ degradation of OM in TMR were decreased (P<0.05) with the increasing of synchronization index. The higher synchronization index in TMR increased (P<0.05) CP degradation of CP. The NDF degradation decreased slightly by the alteration of synchronization index in TMR. The higher synchronization index in TMR reduced (P<0.05) in situ sulfur degradation, and this may not support to effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and nitrogen supply.

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In situ degradability of dry matter and fibrous fraction of sorghum silage

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v38i2.29576 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 171 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renê Ferreira Costa ◽

Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽

Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽

José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽

Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Degradation Rate ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Sorghum Silage ◽

Kinetics Of

This study aimed to evaluate in situ degradability and degradation kinetics of DM, NDF and ADF of silage, with or without tannin in the grains. Two isogenic lines of grain sorghum (CMS-XS 114 with tannin and CMS-XS 165 without tannin) and two sorghum hybrids (BR-700 dual purpose with tannin and BR-601 forage without tannin) were ensiled; dried and ground silage samples were placed in nylon bags and introduced through the fistulas. After incubation for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, bags were taken for subsequent analysis of fibrous fractions. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 replicates and 4 treatments and means compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. As for the DM degradation rate, silage of CMSXS165without tannin was superior. Silages of genotypes BR700 and CMSXS 114 with tannin showed the highest values of indigestible ADF (59.54 and 43.09%). Regarding the NDF, the potential degradation of silage of CMSXS165 line without tannin was superior. Tannin can reduce ruminal degradability of the dry matter and fibrous fractions.

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Thermo-oxidative and thermal degradation kinetics of silica/polymethyl methacrylate composites with electrostatic interaction phase interfaces

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2018-0089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 105-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hongyan Li ◽

Yongqiang Fu ◽

Hongli Liu ◽

Cong Sun ◽

Ruyi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Thermal Degradation ◽

Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽

Electrostatic Interaction ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽

Degradation Kinetic ◽

Further Development ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Insulation Performance

AbstractThe thermo-oxidative and thermal degradation kinetic parameters of polymethyl methacrylate-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride/silica aerogel composites (PMMA-MTC/SA) were investigated in this paper and were compared with the thermal stability and thermal conductivity of different types of composites. As a composite with electrostatic interaction, the thermo-oxidative and thermal degradation activation energies (E) of PMMA-MTC/SA were 173.97 and 188.05 kJ/mol, respectively. The results indicated that the electrostatic interaction could indeed enhance the thermal stability of silica/polymethyl methacrylate composites on the premise of good mechanical properties and heat insulation performance. It is of great significance for the further development of silica-based thermal insulation composites.

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Interactive Curve-Linear Relationship Between Alteration of Carbohydrate Macromolecular Structure Traits in Hulless Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Grain and Nutrient Utilization, Biodegradation and Bioavailability

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20061366 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Baoli Sun ◽

Luciana L. Prates ◽

Peiqiang Yu

Keyword(s):

Linear Relationship ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Nutrient Utilization ◽

Macromolecular Structure ◽

Hulless Barley ◽

Quadratic Effect ◽

Nutrient Profiles ◽

Kinetics Of

The aim of this study was to reveal an interactive curve-linear relationship between altered carbohydrate macromolecular structure traits of hulless barley cultivars and nutrient utilization, biodegradation, as well as bioavailability. The cultivars had different carbohydrate macromolecular traits, including amylose (A), amylopectin (AP), and β-glucan contents, as well as their ratios (A:AP). The parameters assessed included: (1) chemical and nutrient profiles; (2) protein and carbohydrate sub-fractions partitioned by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS); (3) total digestible nutrients (TDN) and energy values; and (4) in situ rumen degradation kinetics of nutrients and truly absorbed nutrient supply. The hulless barley samples were analyzed for starch (ST), crude protein (CP), total soluble crude protein (SCP), etc. The in situ incubation technique was performed to evaluate the degradation kinetics of the nutrients, as well as the effective degradability (ED) and bypass nutrient (B). Results showed that the carbohydrates (g/kg DM) had a cubic relationship (p < 0.05), with the A:AP ratio and β-glucan level; while the starch level presented a quadratic relationship (p < 0.05), with the A:AP ratio and cubic relationship (p < 0.05), with β-glucan level. The CP and SCP contents had a cubic relationship (p < 0.05) with the A:AP ratio and β-glucan level. The altered carbohydrate macromolecular traits were observed to have strongly curve-linear correlations with protein and carbohydrate fractions partitioned by CNCPS. For the in situ protein degradation kinetics, there was a quadratic effect of A:AP ratio on the rumen undegraded protein (RUP, g/kg DM) and a linear effect of β-glucan on the bypass protein (BCP, g/kg DM). The A:AP ratio and β-glucan levels had quadratic effects (p < 0.05) on BCP and EDCP. For ST degradation kinetics, the ST degradation rate (Kd), BST and EDST showed cubic effects (p < 0.05) with A:AP ratio. The β-glucan level showed a cubic effect on EDST (g/kg DM) and a quadratic effect on BST (g/kg ST or g/kg DM) and EDST (g/kg DM). In conclusion, alteration of carbohydrate macromolecular traits in hulless barley significantly impacted nutrient utilization, metabolic characteristics, biodegradation, and bioavailability. Altered carbohydrate macromolecular traits curve-linearly affected the nutrient profiles, protein and carbohydrate fractions, total digestible nutrient, energy values, and in situ degradation kinetics.

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In situ degradation kinetics of 6 roughages and the intestinal digestibility of the rumen undegradable protein1

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/sky298 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (11) ◽

pp. 4835-4844 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qiujin Li ◽

Bai Xue ◽

Yumei Zhao ◽

Tianqi Wu ◽

Haichao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Degradation Kinetics ◽

In Situ Degradation ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Intestinal Digestibility

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Mathematical models describing disappearance of Lucerne hay in the rumen using the nylon bag technique

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v50i5.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

Author(s):

V. Palangi ◽

M. Macit ◽

A.R. Bayat

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Gompertz Model ◽

Exponential Model ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

Degradation Data ◽

Potential Use

It is essential to study the dynamics of rumen degradation of feeds before their potential use in formulating diets for ruminants. Various mathematical models have been developed to describe this degradation. The non-lagged exponential model (Model I), the lagged exponential model (Model II), the Gompertz model (Model III), and the generalized Mitscherlich model (Model IV) were examined using two alternative software (SAS and MATLAB) to determine their efficacy in accounting for variation in ruminal disappearance of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) of lucerne hay from three cuttings. All models described DM degradability well (R2 >0.98). Only Models I and II converged when fitted to CP degradability data (R2 >0.98). It was concluded that any of these models could be used to describe the degradation of DM, whereas only Models I and II could be used to describe the degradation of CP from three cuttings of Lucerne hay. All the models that were fitted to the DM degradation data performed reasonably well, with only minor differences in goodness of fit. However, these models differed in values of the parameter estimates. Additionally, SAS failed to converge in the analyses of CP with Models III and IV, and MATLAB converged to nonsensical values with Model III. Model I might be recommended because it fitted the data well and required estimates of the fewest parameters Keywords: alfalfa hay, in situ digestion, model selection, nonlinear regression

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Comparison of in situ and in vitro gas production techniques to estimate rumen degradation characteristics of forages

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x00032754 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 247-248

Author(s):

S. López ◽

M. D. Carro ◽

C. Valdés ◽

J. S. González ◽

F. J. Ovejero

Keyword(s):

Gas Production ◽

Degradation Kinetic ◽

Production Methods ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Dry Matter Degradation ◽

Production Techniques ◽

Kinetics Of

Quantitative expressions of the kinetics of digestion are needed to estimate more precisely the quantity and composition of nutrients digested from feeds and their subsequent efficiency of utilization by the animal (Mertens, 1993). Degradation kinetic parameters are estimated by fitting appropriate models to data resulting from the measurement of either the undigested residue or the fermentation end-products after exposure of the feed to digestion. Kinetic data can be collected using either in vitro or in situ procedures. The in situ porous synthetic fibre bag technique has been extensively used to describe the kinetics of feeds degradation in the rumen. Several in vitro gas production methods have been developed to assess fermentation kinetics. The aim of this work was to study the relationship between rumen degradation parameters of forages determined either by the in situ procedure or by the gas production technique and to evaluate the potential of gas production measurements to assess the extent of dry matter degradation in the rumen.

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