scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Growth among Older People after the Forced Lockdown for the COVID–19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Celdrán ◽  
Rodrigo Serrat ◽  
Feliciano Villar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract We explored post-traumatic growth (PTG) in older adults immediately after the forced lockdown in Spain during March to April, 2020, due to the COVID–19 pandemic. The study also tried to identify the variables that predict PTG, focusing on the experience of COVID, sociodemographic variables, and social resources. In total 1,009 people aged 55 years and older participated in the study and completed an online questionnaire comprising the following elements: The short form of the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-SF), sociodemographic and social resources questions, and their experiences of COVID–19 (if they had been infected themselves or if they had experienced the loss of someone close). Results showed that only a quarter of the participants experienced higher PTG after the forced lockdown, with only age and social resources being correlated with scores on the PTGI-SF. Looking at the strengths that older adults put into action to combat the pandemic and its social and health consequences could be an important consideration when planning future social policies for this and other pandemics.

Improvement for some: poverty and social exclusion among older people and pensioners

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demi Patsios
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
General Position ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Policy Action

This chapter focuses on several key areas of poverty and social exclusion experienced by older people and pensioners using B-SEM. Analyses by pensioner household type (n=2,296) show differences in older adults’: access to material, economic and social resources; participation in common social activities and civic and political participation; and quality of life. Younger pensioners (particularly couples) are least likely to report lower resources and exclusion from participation, and more likely to report higher quality of life. In contrast, older and single (particularly female) pensioners are most likely to report lower levels of economic and social resources and lower scores on participation and quality of life sub-domains. Although the general position of pensioners has improved over the past decade, the findings conclude that this has not been the case for all pensioners. The policy situation explaining some of these disparities and the implications for further policy action are discussed.

Post-traumatic growth among veterans in the USA: results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tsai ◽  
R. El-Gabalawy ◽  
W. H. Sledge ◽  
S. M. Southwick ◽  
R. H. Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
National Health ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Intrinsic Religiosity ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Us Veterans

BackgroundThere is increasing recognition that, in addition to negative psychological consequences of trauma such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), some individuals may develop post-traumatic growth (PTG) following such experiences. To date, however, data regarding the prevalence, correlates and functional significance of PTG in population-based samples are lacking.MethodData were analysed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a contemporary, nationally representative survey of 3157 US veterans. Veterans completed a survey containing measures of sociodemographic, military, health and psychosocial characteristics, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form.ResultsWe found that 50.1% of all veterans and 72.0% of veterans who screened positive for PTSD reported at least ‘moderate’ PTG in relation to their worst traumatic event. An inverted U-shaped relationship was found to best explain the relationship between PTSD symptoms and PTG. Among veterans with PTSD, those with PTSD reported better mental functioning and general health than those without PTG. Experiencing a life-threatening illness or injury and re-experiencing symptoms were most strongly associated with PTG. In multivariable analysis, greater social connectedness, intrinsic religiosity and purpose in life were independently associated with greater PTG.ConclusionsPTG is prevalent among US veterans, particularly among those who screen positive for PTSD. These results suggest that there may be a ‘positive legacy’ of trauma that has functional significance for veterans. They further suggest that interventions geared toward helping trauma-exposed US veterans process their re-experiencing symptoms, and to develop greater social connections, sense of purpose and intrinsic religiosity may help promote PTG in this population.

Attitude of Nurses Toward the Care of Older Adults in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyan Lan ◽  
Qiuhua Chen ◽  
Bilan Yi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Older People ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Online Questionnaire

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes of registered nurses toward older adults in China. Method: An online questionnaire was sent to registered nurses of five hospitals. The sample included 1,367 registered nurses in this study. Kogan’s Attitudes toward Older People Scale and Facts of Aging Quiz were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Registered nurses held a positive attitude toward older adults (155.09 ± 21.94). The experience of being cared by older adults (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.545, p = .007) and relationship with older adults ( OR = 2.440, p = .000) were associated with the attitudes of registered nurses. Discussion: Registered nurses in China held a positive attitude toward older adults. The results contribute to care practice for the older adults in hospitals.

scholarly journals Association between Personal Social Capital and Loneliness among Widowed Older People

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Jiang ◽  
Yitan Hou ◽  
Jinwei Hao ◽  
Jiayi Zhou ◽  
Junfeng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Older People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Bridging Social Capital ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

To explore the association between the personal social capital and loneliness among the widowed older adults in China. Data from 1497 widowed older adults were extracted from China’s Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018. The Chinese version of the Personal Social Capital Scale (PSCS-16) was used to evaluate the participants’ status of bonding and bridging social capital (BOC and BRC). Loneliness was assessed by the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8). Multiple linear regression models were established to examine the relationship between social capital and loneliness. The BOC and BRC of rural widowed older people were significantly lower than those of widowed older people in urban areas, while loneliness of rural widowed older people was higher than that of widowed older people in urban areas. The result of the final model showed that loneliness of rural participants was significantly associated with both BOC (B = 0.141, p = 0.001) and BRC (B = −0.116, p = 0.003). The loneliness of the urban widowed sample had no association with both BOC and BRC (p > 0.05). These findings suggested that more social support and compassionate care should be provided to enrich the personal social capital and thus to reduce loneliness of widowed older adults, especially those in rural areas.

scholarly journals RESILIENCE AND POST-TRAUMATIC GROWTH: EXPLORING THE PERCEPTIONS OF GAINS AFTER ADVERSITY IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S720-S720
Author(s):  
Lauren M Bouchard ◽  
Lydia K Manning
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Everyday Stress

Abstract Resilience has been consistently shown across the literature as a protective factor in terms of aging successfully. Resilience is defined as a process of adjustment and adaptation, where painful life experiences can result in accumulative positive outcomes such as greater life meaning, hopefulness, and spiritual transcendence (Ramsey, 2012). These outcomes are also mentioned in the separate but related construct of “post-traumatic growth,” defined as positive outcomes (i.e. self-perception, improved interpersonal relationships, and a changed philosophy on life) which emerge after traumatic experiences (PTG; Tedschi & Calhoun, 1996). This study explored older adults perceptions on adaptation in regards to adverse life situations. Our findings indicate some participants were more likely to espouse resiliency and post-traumatic growth related explanations while others participants articulated difficulty in seeing the benefit related to the challenges they had faced. Similarly, participants faced a range of challenges from everyday stress to major life traumas, which also shaped perceptions of their own growth. Participants also indicated a range of orientations toward growth after adversity including denial, reluctance, acceptance, and optimism. Our results also suggest key differences in these constructs while they also remain similar and complementary in terms of our participants lives and stories. Our study also provides limitations and future directions in operationalizing PTG and resilience in the gerontological literature.

Perceptions of self-stigma and its correlates among older adults with depression: a preliminary study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1180-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perla Werner ◽  
Ifat Stein-Shvachman ◽  
Jeremia Heinik
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

ABSTRACTBackground: Depression is common in old age and is often associated with stigma. However, to date, little is known about self-stigma (internalization of stigmatic beliefs) in depressed older people despite its importance and consequences. The aim of this study was to examine self-stigma and its correlates in depressed older people.Methods: Phone interviews were conducted with 54 persons diagnosed with major depression (78% female, average age = 74) from a psychogeriatric clinic in the central area of Israel. Self-stigma was assessed using an adapted version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Health (ISMI) scale. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Self-esteem was measured using Rosenberg's Self Esteem Scale. Information regarding sociodemographic and psychiatric health characteristics was also collected.Results: Self-stigma was relatively moderate with 10% to 20% of the participants reporting self-stigma. Those who reported higher levels of self-stigma were younger than those who did not report it. Income and education were lower in persons who reported high levels of stigmatization. Persons who reported stigmatization scored higher on the GDS and reported lower self-esteem than those without stigmatization.Conclusions: This study represents an effort to examine the correlates of self-stigma in depressed older people. Since self-stigma exists among older adults, further studies are required to extend this body of knowledge.

scholarly journals Level of Burden and Health-Related Quality of Life in Caregivers of Palliative Care Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perpiñá-Galvañ ◽  
Orts-Beneito ◽  
Fernández-Alcántara ◽  
García-Sanjuán ◽  
García-Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Primary Family

The complexity of palliative care means that the emotional distress and burden that primary family caregivers suffer under can be particularly high. The objective of this study was to determine the level of burden endured by these primary family caregivers and to identify the variables that predict it in the caregiving relatives of people who require home-based palliative care. A descriptive-correlational cross-sectional study was conducted. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected from caregivers through a self-administered questionnaire that included questions from the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS). A total of 77 caregivers participated; 66.2% were women, and the mean age was 61.5 years. Most (62.3%) were providing care to cancer patients. From among these data, the presence of anxiety as a clinical problem (48.1%), a high average fatigue score (FAS) of 23.0 (SD = 8.5), and the prevalence of intense overload (41.6%) stood out. We found statistically significant correlations between the variables of burden, fatigue, post-traumatic growth, anxiety, and depression, with the latter two being the main predictive variables of burden. In addition, caregiver burden was associated with a worsening of health. Identifying the factors that influence the appearance of overburden will allow the specific needs of careers to be assessed in order to offer them emotional support within the healthcare environment.

scholarly journals Societal Views of Older Adults as Vulnerable and a Burden to Society During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Results From an Israeli Nationally Representative Sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Cohn-Schwartz ◽  
Liat Ayalon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objectives To examine the factors associated with older adults’ perceptions of ageism in society during the COVID-19 outbreak, in particular the portrayal of older people as a burden and as vulnerable. Method Data are based on a nationally representative survey of adults aged 50+ in Israel, conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak (N = 888). Regression models predicted perceptions of societal ageism. The independent variables were dying anxiety, experiences of age-based discriminations, and social resources. Results Participants who believed older adults were perceived as a burden during the COVID-19 outbreak had higher dying anxiety and reported more age-based discrimination. Living with children and contact with family were protective against perceptions of adults as a burden. Participants who believed older adults were perceived as vulnerable had higher dying anxiety and were less likely to live with children. Discussion The daily lives of older adults can impact their perceptions of societal ageism during the COVID-19 outbreak.

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