scholarly journals Four agendas for research and policy on emissions mitigation and well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Timmons Roberts ◽  
Julia K. Steinberger ◽  
Thomas Dietz ◽  
William F. Lamb ◽  
Richard York ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Emissions Mitigation ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
Research And Policy ◽  
Lower Carbon

Non-technical abstract The climate crisis requires nations to achieve human well-being with low national levels of carbon emissions. Countries vary from one another dramatically in how effectively they convert resources into well-being, and some nations with low levels of emissions have relatively high objective and subjective well-being. We identify urgent research and policy agendas for four groups of countries with either low or high emissions and well-being indicators. Least studied are those with low well-being and high emissions. Understanding social and political barriers to switching from high-carbon to lower-carbon modes of production and consumption, and ways to overcome them, will be fundamental.

Self‐esteem and suicide rates in 55 Nations

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armand Chatard ◽  
Leila Selimbegović ◽  
Paul N'Dri Konan
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Relevant Factors

Using recent data from the International Sexuality Description Project (ISDP), we examined whether national differences in self‐esteem across 55 nations are reflected in suicide rates. Results indicate that suicide is especially common in nations with relatively low levels of self‐esteem. This relation is consistent across sex lines, age of suicide and independent from several other relevant factors such as economic affluence, transition, individualism, subjective well‐being, and neuroticism. These findings provide support for the predictive validity of self‐esteem scores as assessed in the ISDP survey. They also contribute to a growing body of research documenting negative consequences associated with low self‐esteem. Possible implications for suicide prevention strategies are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Causal and mediating factors for anxiety, depression and well-being

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kinderman ◽  
Sara Tai ◽  
Eleanor Pontin ◽  
Matthias Schwannauer ◽  
Ian Jarman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe relationship between well-being and mental ill health is complex; people may experience very low levels of well-being even in the absence of overt mental health problems.AimsThis study tested the hypothesis that anxiety, depression and well-being have different causal determinants and psychological mediating mechanisms.MethodThe influence of causal and mediating factors on anxiety, depression and well-being were investigated in a cross-sectional online questionnaire survey hosted on a UK national broadcasting website.ResultsMultivariate conditional independence analysis of data from 27 397 participants revealed different association pathways for the two constructs. Anxiety and depression were associated with negative life events mediated by rumination; low levels of subjective well-being were associated with material deprivation and social isolation, mediated by adaptive coping style.ConclusionsOur findings support the ‘two continua’ model of the relationship between psychological well-being and mental health problems, with implications for both treatment and prevention.

scholarly journals KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF PADA INDIVIDU BERCERAI (STUDI KASUS PADA INDIVIDU DENGAN STATUS CERAI MATI DAN CERAI HIDUP)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Nadhira Miranda ◽  
Zaujatul Amna
Keyword(s):  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
The Status ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Quota Sampling

Divorce is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling and/or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage as husband and wife. Moreover, divorce can also be interpreted as the status of an individual who lives separately with his/her spouse is deceased and not remarried. Individuals who get divorced has a high or low levels on subjective well-being. It is influenced by several factors such as employments and income levels, social support also religiosity. The research aimed to seek the dynamics of subjective well-being on individuals’ divorced. 50 individuals were selected using purposive and quota sampling technique as research participants. Data collected using Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and Positive and negative experience Scale (SPANE). Data was analyzed by using Independent sample T-test, which value of significance (p) = 0.669 (p> 0.005), which means that there were no differences in subjective well-being in individual’s divorced with Widowed and Divorced status.

Positive Affectivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Naragon-Gainey ◽  
David Watson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Previous Measurement ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Order Components

Positive affectivity is a trait that reflects stable individual differences in positive emotional experience; high levels of the trait are marked by frequent feelings of cheerfulness, enthusiasm, and energy. Positive affectivity is relatively independent from negative affectivity, as these traits developed in response to different evolutionary pressures. Similar to personality traits, trait affect is structured hierarchically. Although there is not a clear consensus regarding the lower-order components of positive affectivity, we emphasize a model that includes components of joviality, self-assurance, and attentiveness. Different measures of positive affectivity are reviewed, as well as relationships to overlapping constructs such as extraversion, happiness, and subjective well-being. Positive affect is relevant to a number of important domains. For example, low levels of positive affectivity are characteristic of numerous psychological disorders (particularly depression), whereas elevated levels of the trait have been linked to mania and substance use. Current marital and job satisfaction can be predicted based on previous measurement of positive affectivity. Positive affectivity is also related to better physical health, such as increased resistance to infectious illnesses. Finally, although mean levels of positive affectivity do not appear to differ greatly across cultures, there is evidence that culture may influence cross-situational stability and perceptions of trait affect. We conclude by showing that although temperament is an important factor in determining levels of positive affectivity, individuals are still free to take action to increase their happiness in lasting ways.

scholarly journals Experience of Loneliness and Subjective Well-Being of a Person

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Patimat Gasanovna Gasanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Family Experience ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
The Relationship

The primary purpose of this article is to study the relationship between the individual components of the complex experience of loneliness and the indicators of subjective well-being of a senior individual. According to the obtained data, an overall view of oneself as a lonely person is accompanied by low levels of subjective well-being, changes in the mood and the significance of one’s social environment. People who do not have a family experience more negative feelings associated with being alone than those who have a family.

The aging population in China: Subjective well-being of empty nesters in rural eastern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liang ◽  
Xueting Niu ◽  
Peiyi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Memorial University Of Newfoundland

In this article, we explore the subjective well-being of empty nesters who lived in rural eastern China ( N = 967). The Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness is used to measure subjective well-being. The results indicate that Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness is appropriate for empty nesters in rural China due to its reliability and validity. Generally, male empty nesters report greater subjective well-being scores than females. Negative factors include low levels of education, being a widow or widower, or being unmarried. It is argued that the empty nesters’ incapability to access adequate social service and home care leads to their poor subjective well-being.

Social Participation and Subjective Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Many ◽  
Subjective Outcomes

Chapter 8 investigates the association between Dibao receipt and social participation as well as subjective well-being. The chapter reveals some unintended associations between Dibao receipt and behavioral and subjective outcomes among both urban and rural recipients. Dibao recipients tend to lead a more isolated and detached life and engage in fewer leisure and social activities than their non-recipient peers. The stigma, shame, and despair associated with Dibao receipt and the poor outlook for income and improved social class may lead recipients to be unhappy and have low levels of satisfaction in life. There is also some evidence that receiving Dibao is associated with less time spent on education and work activities, echoing the many challenges faced by Dibao recipients to move from welfare to work.

Socio-Economic Environment and Human Psychology

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Human Psychology ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
The Individual

This edited volume underlines the value of attending to socioecological approaches in understanding the relationship between the economic environment and human psychology by including state-of-the art research that focuses on the role played by (a) type of ecology and associated economic activity/structure (e.g., farming, herding), (b) socioeconomic status and inequality (e.g., poverty, educational attainment), (c) economic conditions (e.g., wealth, urbanization), and (d) ecological and economic threat (e.g., disasters, resource scarcity) in the shaping of different psychological processes including subjective well-being, construction of the self, endorsement of honor, cognitive styles, responses to social exclusion, food intake, decision-making, health behaviors, and academic outcomes, among others. By doing so the book highlights the importance of situating the individual directly in the everyday realities afforded by economic conditions and settings that provide the material basis of psychological outcomes and contribute to bridging the psychological with the external circumstances. The volume brings together research from different subfields of psychology (cultural, social, developmental) but also from economics, anthropology, evolutionary sciences, and epidemiology that recognizes the importance of individuals’ daily economic realities and their psychological adjustment to those. Reflecting the different (inter)disciplinary approaches presented across the contributions, this volume also showcases the different methods researchers utilize including archival, experimental (lab-based and field), correlational, observational, and agent-based modeling. The findings summarized in this volume have important policy implications, as they point to specific policy agendas that might help improve the psychological and physical health of citizens.

Positive Affectivity: The Disposition to Experience Positive Emotional States

2009 ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Watson ◽  
Kristin Naragon
Keyword(s):  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Order Components

Positive affectivity is a trait that reflects stable individual differences in positive emotional experience; high levels of the trait are marked by frequent feelings of cheerfulness, enthusiasm, and energy. Positive affectivity is relatively independent from negative affectivity, as these traits developed in response to different evolutionary pressures. Similar to personality traits, trait affect is structured hierarchically. Although there is not a clear consensus regarding the lower-order components of positive affectivity, we emphasize a model that includes components of Joviality, Self-Assurance, and Attentiveness. Different measures of positive affectivity are reviewed, as well as relations to overlapping constructs such as extraversion, happiness, and subjective well-being. In terms of its biological bases, positive affectivity is moderately heritable and is linked to left prefrontal brain activation, likely mediated by the dopaminergic system. There are few demographic or environmental factors that are systematically related to levels of positive affectivity; for instance, the trait does not differ according to age or gender. However, frequency of social activity and identification as religious/spiritual are both positively correlated with positive affectivity. Positive affect is relevant to a number of important domains. For example, low levels of positive affectivity are characteristic of numerous psychological disorders (particularly depression). Current marital and job satisfaction can be predicted based on previous measurement of positive affectivity. Positive affectivity is also related to better physical health, such as increased resistance to infectious illnesses. Finally, although mean levels of positive affectivity do not appear to differ greatly across cultures, there is evidence that culture may influence cross-situational stability and perceptions of trait affect. We conclude by showing that although temperament is an important factor in determining levels of positive affectivity, individuals are still free to take action to increase their happiness in lasting ways.

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