Hormonal Regulation of Reproductive Diapause That Occurs in the Year-Round Mass Rearing of Bombus terrestris Queens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Guang’an Wu ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Xiaoyan Dai ◽  
Nicolaas W. F. Steeghs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Reproductive Diapause

scholarly journals The Effects of Pollen Protein Content on Colony Development of the Bumblebee, Bombus Terrestris L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güney Hikmet Baloglu ◽  
Fehmi Gurel
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Pollen Sources ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract The effects of pollen protein content on the colony development of Bombus terrestris were investigated by feeding queens and queenright colonies with four different pollen diets. We used three kinds of commercially available pure pollen (Cistus spp. 11.9%, Papaver somniferum 21.4%, and Sinapis arvensis 21.8% crude protein). We also used a mixture which was made up of equal weights of these pure pollens (18.4 % crude protein). All queens and colonies were fed with sugar syrup and pollen diets ad libitum (28 ± 1 ℃, 65 ± 5% RH). Until there were 50 workers reached, colonies fed with the Cistus pollen diet (167.4 ± 28.9 g) consumed significantly more pollen than colonies fed with the Papaver pollen diet (140.7 ± 15.7 g), the mixed pollen diet (136.2 ± 20.1 g) or colonies fed with the Sinapis pollen diet (132.4 ± 22.6 g). The date when there were 50 workers reached was approximately one week later in the colonies fed with the Cistus, and colonies fed with the Papaver diet than in the colonies fed with the Sinapis diet, and for colonies fed with the mixed pollen diets. Considering 8 tested criteria, the best performances were observed using the Sinapis, and using the mixed pollen diets. The lowest performances were observed using the Cistus pollen diet. Results showed that pollen sources play an important role in commercial bumblebee rearing. Results also showed that the polyfloral pollen diets are more suitable for mass rearing of bumblebees than the unifloral pollen diets.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Pollen Substitutes for the Feeding of Laboratory Reared Bumble Bee (Bombus Terrestris) Colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Laura Bortolotti ◽  
Filip Pošćić ◽  
Gherardo Bogo
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Protein Diets

AbstractIn bumble bee colonies, pollen is the only protein source for larval feeding and its shortage causes a distress in larval development. Adult bumble bees need pollen for the development of glands and the reproductive system. In bumble bee rearing, honey bee collected pollen is used as the main protein source, either as fresh-frozen or dried pellets, and pollen provisioning is the most problematic and expensive aspect of mass rearing. In honey bee breeding, pollen substitutes are used during the period of food shortage or to stimulate colony strength. We tested different protein diets (five commercial pollen substitutes and two natural protein sources) for the maintenance of bumble bee colonies in captivity. We further mixed Feedbee®, one of the substitutes that gave the best results, with different amounts of pollen to evaluate the optimal amount needed for the whole colony development. Although none of the pure protein diets alone were adequate, diets with a 1 to 1 and 1 to 3 ratio of Feedbee to pollen were both suitable for colony development and queen production. The colony consumed between 2 and 4 g per day of the Feedbee mixed diets, corresponding to a protein consumption of 0.75–0.85 g day−1. Nevertheless, the consumption rate of the pure pollen showed that a mean amount of protein between 0.4 and 0.5 g day−1 was enough to allow colony development indicating the suitability of Feedbee mixed diets.

Control of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), a pest in Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jung Kwon ◽  
Shafqat Saeed ◽  
Marie José Duchateau
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Pollen Storage ◽  
Indian Meal Moth ◽  
Pest Outbreaks ◽  
Indian Meal ◽  
Bee Colonies

AbstractThe bumble bee Bombus terrestris L. is an important pollinator of commercial crops. Mass-rearing of bumble bees under controlled conditions is susceptible to pest outbreaks such as the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella L. This study showed that pollen collected from pollen traps at honey bee colonies can be contaminated with eggs of the Indian meal moth and that the eggs can hatch under bumble bee rearing conditions. Storage of pollen at −60 °C for more than 3 weeks can prevent an infestation of P. interpunctella in bumble bee colonies via pollen. Storage at −20 °C is less effective. Although P. interpunctella larvae slightly prefer pollen as their food source, they also feed on bumble bee pupae, especially when little pollen is present in a bumble bee colony. Spraying with the microbial insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis Aizawai at a concentration of 1 g/L water can control P. interpunctella (99.8% mortality) without harm to the bumble bee colonies. Higher concentrations have a negative impact on bumble bee colonies. Other B. thuringiensis strains, Kurstaki and Kurstaki Plus, are less effective.

scholarly journals Topical Application of Synthetic Hormones Terminated Reproductive Diapause of a Univoltine Weed Biological Control Agent

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Ikju Park ◽  
Lincoln Smith
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Diapause ◽  
Weed Biological Control ◽  
Initial Field

Classical biological control is an important method for controlling invasive alien weeds. Univoltine insects can be highly effective biological control agents of annual weeds because they are well synchronized with their host plant. However, having only one generation per year makes it difficult and slow to multiply them in the laboratory for initial field releases. If it were possible to terminate reproductive diapause early, then we could rear multiple generations per year, which would greatly increase annual production. We used a recently approved biocontrol agent, Ceratapion basicorne (a univoltine weevil), for yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) as a model system to study the use of two insect hormones, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and methoprene, to terminate reproductive diapause. Methoprene (1 μg applied topically) terminated reproductive diapause of female weevils, whereas doses of 0.0, 0.01 and 0.1 μg did not. The combination of methoprene and 20E had a stronger effect and induced an increase in eggs (1.51 ± 0.16 eggs/day, mean ± SE) compared with a methoprene only group (1.00 ± 0.13 eggs/day), and a control group (0.21 ± 0.04 eggs/day). Thus, topical application of these hormones should enable us to rear the weevil out of its normal season and produce more than one generation per year, which will increase productivity of mass-rearing it for field release. Once released in the field, the insect would continue as a univoltine agent that is well-synchronized with its host plant.

GENE ACTIVATION IN MAMMARY CELLS

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (2_Suppla) ◽  
pp. S346-S368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Turkington ◽  
Nobuyuki Kadohama
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Gene Activation ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Nuclear Proteins ◽  
Mammary Cells ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Mammary Cell

ABSTRACT Hormonal activation of gene transcription has been studied in a model system, the mouse mammary gland in organ culture. Transcriptive activity is stimulated in mammary stem cells by insulin, and in mammary alveolar cells by prolactin and insulin. Studies on the template requirement for expression of the genes for milk proteins demonstrate that DNA methylation has an obligatory dependence upon DNA synthesis, but is otherwise independent from hormonal regulation of mammary cell differentiation. Incorporation of 5-bromo-2′deoxyuridine into DNA selectively inhibits expression of the genes for specific milk proteins. Undifferentiated mammary cells activate the synthesis of specific acidic nuclear proteins when stimulated by insulin. Several of these induced acidic nuclear proteins are undetectable in unstimulated undifferentiated cells, but appear to be characteristic components of the nuclei of differentiated cells. These results indicate that mammary cell differentiation is associated with a change in acidic nuclear proteins, and they provide evidence to support the concept that acidic nuclear proteins may be involved in the regulation of gene transcription and of mammary cell differentiation.

Modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of alterations in reproductive health in women with somatoform disorders and autonomic homeostasis

2016 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Vl.V. Podolsky ◽  
◽  
V.V. Podolsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Artificial Abortion

The objective: the developing of a system of preventive measures and principles of pregravid preparation for women with somatoform disorders and violation of autonomic homeostasis (VAH), in which observed changes in reproductive health (CRH) in the shape of states after undergoing artificial abortion, infertility and uterine fibroids. Patients and methods. Conducted clinical and epidemiological studies in the population of women of fertile age (WFA) allowed identifying for further examination of women with CRH in the form of state after undergoing artificial abortion, infertility and uterine fibroids in women with VAH. Further women were examined, in particular the conducted clinical and instrumental methods of research; determined the state of autonomic homeostasis and psycho emotional health of the biotopes of the organism, immunity; analyzed the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle; performed genetic studies and determined the morphofunctional state of reproductive system. Results. The most frequent complications during pregnancy in women who had CRH in history in the form of abortions, infertility and uterine fibroids and in the background of the PAF, there was a threat of interruption of pregnancy (often in I and II trimester – 56%) and preterm delivery (21%). The study of the catamnesis of further reproductive health found that in the case of well-conducted therapeutic measures in women undergoing artificial abortion, had infertility and uterine leiomyoma in the background of VAH, restore reproductive function, and in 82% of cases occurred a pregnancy. Conclusion. The the provided study of reproductive health, and state of various organs and systems of fertile aged women with somatoform disorders and violations of the autonomic homeostasis allowed to develop preventive measures for these women and pregravid preparation with the inclusion to the therapy Magnesium and vitamins (Magne-В6®). Key words: somatoform disorders, violation of autonomic homeostasis, changes in reproductive health, prevention and treatment, women of fertile age, Magne-В6®.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document