Role of Catalyst in Controlling N2 Reduction Selectivity: A Unified View of Nitrogenase and Solid Electrodes

Psoriasis is one of the most common chronic recurrent multifactorial diseases of the skin with a predominance of genetic factor. The disease is characterized by hyperproliferation of epidermal cells, impairment in the keratinisation process against inflammatory reactions in the dermis, and by lesions on the nails, joints and scalp. According to the results of clinical and epidemiological research, about 3-4% of the population of our planet has psoriasis, regardless of gender, age and ethnic group, while the share of this pathology in the overall structure of skin diseases reaches from 1% - to 40% [4, 5], according to various data. However, despite the widespread of psoriasis and the large number of works on this problem, there is still no unified view on the pathogenesis of this dermatosis. To clear up the pathogenesis of psoriasis, it is necessary to take into account the insufficiently studied comorbidities typically associated with this pathology. Recently, there has been a tendency towards the growth of psoriatic disease and obesity in the pathogenesis of which a significant role is assigned to systemic inflammation and macrophages. According to the results of this research, it has been found out that obesity and psoriasis has a common link of the pathogenesis, systemic inflammation, which manifests itself in the increased number of macrophages producing a large number of proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, obesity and inflammation causes a vicious circle of cause-and-effect relationships. Obesity provokes inflammation, and inflammation, in turn, increases obesity and prevents weight loss. The close relationship between psoriasis and obesity is extremely important in selecting patient-centred therapy. Therefore, the goal of further research is to carry out detailed study of the psoriatic comorbidities that will contribute into revealing new targets for the treatment of this dermatosis.

GUN1 and Plastid RNA Metabolism: Learning from Genetics

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9102307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 2307

Author(s):

Luca Tadini ◽

Nicolaj Jeran ◽

Paolo Pesaresi

Keyword(s):

Rna Metabolism ◽

Primary Role ◽

Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽

Ppr Protein ◽

Coordinated Expression ◽

Unified View ◽

Plastid Rna Polymerase ◽

Flow Of Information ◽

Opinion Article

GUN1 (genomes uncoupled 1), a chloroplast-localized pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein with a C-terminal small mutS-related (SMR) domain, plays a central role in the retrograde communication of chloroplasts with the nucleus. This flow of information is required for the coordinated expression of plastid and nuclear genes, and it is essential for the correct development and functioning of chloroplasts. Multiple genetic and biochemical findings indicate that GUN1 is important for protein homeostasis in the chloroplast; however, a clear and unified view of GUN1′s role in the chloroplast is still missing. Recently, GUN1 has been reported to modulate the activity of the nucleus-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (NEP) and modulate editing of plastid RNAs upon activation of retrograde communication, revealing a major role of GUN1 in plastid RNA metabolism. In this opinion article, we discuss the recently identified links between plastid RNA metabolism and retrograde signaling by providing a new and extended concept of GUN1 activity, which integrates the multitude of functional genetic interactions reported over the last decade with its primary role in plastid transcription and transcript editing.

A unified view and the role of symmetry in multiperson cooperative games

Mathematical Social Sciences ◽

10.1016/0165-4896(87)90045-x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 302

Author(s):

William F. Lucas

Keyword(s):

Cooperative Games ◽

Unified View

Embedded Philanthropic CSR in Digital China: Unified View of Prosocial and Pro-environmental Practices

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695468 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Qing Ye ◽

Zain Rafique ◽

Rongting Zhou ◽

Fahad Asmi ◽

Muhammad Azfar Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mobile Application ◽

Critical Role ◽

Point Of View ◽

Activation Model ◽

Environmental Practices ◽

Public Benefits ◽

Unified View ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Digital China

In recent decades, China has transformed from a conventional society into a digitally competitive nation. From an economic perspective, embedded corporate social responsibility (CSR) is gaining a new height where gamified charity is a trendy approach. By adopting the norm activation model from the point of view of the stimulus–organism–response framework, this research theoretically conceptualized the role of the mobile application environment (including telepresence, functional transparency, and accessibility) to map the cognition and philanthropic behavioral intentions of consumers in the gamified setting. The quantified survey comprised 669 respondents. The findings highlighted the critical role of functional transparency and telepresence of a mobile application in driving consumers’ warm glow and ascribed responsibility. The research underlined the presence of the unique DNA of Internet Plus Charity (Public Benefits) for prosocial and pro-environmental purposes in China under the umbrella of philanthropic CSR.

A Unified View of the Role of Electrostatic Interactions in Modulating the Gating of Cys Loop Receptors

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m508635200 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 280 (50) ◽

pp. 41655-41666 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Xinan Xiu ◽

Ariele P. Hanek ◽

Jinti Wang ◽

Henry A. Lester ◽

Dennis A. Dougherty

Keyword(s):

Electrostatic Interactions ◽

Unified View

Bone and the hematopoietic niche: a tale of two stem cells

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2011-01-315069 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 117 (20) ◽

pp. 5281-5288 ◽

Cited By ~ 163

Author(s):

Paolo Bianco

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Negative Regulators ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Unique Role ◽

Hsc Niche ◽

Unified View ◽

Stem Cell Niches ◽

Hematopoietic Niche

Abstract The revived interest in (hematopoietic) stem cell (HSC) niches has highlighted the role of multiple cellular players found in the bone environment. Initially focused on the role of osteoblasts and sinusoid endothelial cells, the quest for HSC niche cells has recently focused on a unique role for osteoprogenitor cells (skeletal stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells). Strongly validated by observations of HSC dysregulation dictated by the dysregulation of osteoprogenitors, the role of osteoprogenitors in the HSC niche integrates data from different studies into a unified view. As preosteoblastic, periendothelial cells residing at the sinusoid wall, skeletal progenitors reconcile the notions of “osteoblastic” and “sinusoidal” niches with one another. In addition, they bring into focus the cross-regulation of skeletal and hematopoietic physiology as rooted into the interplay of two stem cells (hematopoietic and skeletal) sharing a single niche. As direct regulators of hematopoietic space formation, sinusoid development, and hematopoietic function(s), as well as direct progenitors of positive and negative regulators of HSCs such as osteoblasts and adipocytes, skeletal progenitors have emerged as pivotal organizers of a complex, highly plastic niche. This development seems to represents an evolutionary advance over the deterministic stem cell niches found in archetypal invertebrate systems.

‘Juglers or Schollers?’: negotiating the role of a mathematical practitioner

The British Journal for the History of Science ◽

10.1017/s000708749800329x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 253-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

KATHERINE HILL

Keyword(s):

Seventeenth Century ◽

Theoretical Foundation ◽

Mathematical Practice ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Mathematical Education ◽

Unified View ◽

Mathematical Sciences ◽

Theoretical Foundations ◽

Made In

Until the first quarter of the seventeenth century there was a great deal of agreement about the nature of mathematical practice. Mathematicians, as well as their patrons and clients, viewed all possible aspects of their work, both theoretical and practical, as being included within their discipline. Although the mathematical sciences were a fairly recent foreign import to England, which can barely be traced back beyond the mid-sixteenth century, by the beginning of the seventeenth century there was a large and growing body of practitioners with a unified view of their subject's identity. Divisions began to appear, however, and they were often framed in terms of the proper mixture of theory and practice in mathematical education.One early sign of the emergence of this tension is the kind of accusation made in the priority dispute between William Oughtred and Richard Delamain taking place around 1632. Their bitter conflict began over who first invented the Horizontal Quadrant, a form of sundial, and the Circles of Proportion, a logarithmic calculating device that can be considered a precursor of the slide rule, and ended in a dispute over what constituted proper mathematical practice. Oughtred accused Delamain of making his students ‘only doers of tricks, and as it were Juglers’ by teaching them the use of instruments without any theoretical foundation. Instruments, Oughtred claimed, could only be used with understanding by students who had a proper theoretical foundation. He advocated postponing their use until after the theoretical foundations of a subject had been thoroughly mastered. Delamain, on the other hand, was perfectly willing to teach practical instrumental operations without insisting upon a theoretical grounding. This paper will use the dispute between Oughtred and Delamain to investigate the breakdown of consensus over internal mathematical boundaries, the rhetoric and strategies involved in attempts to gain authority by mathematical practitioners, and the extent to which their roles were negotiated, both with other practitioners, and with their patrons and students.

Role of triaxiality parameter γ in deformed nuclei

International Journal of Modern Physics E ◽

10.1142/s0218301320500378 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (06) ◽

pp. 2050037

Author(s):

J. B. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Intimate Relationship ◽

Quadrupole Deformation ◽

Spectral Features ◽

Usual Practice ◽

Deformed Nuclei ◽

Variable Formula ◽

Unified View ◽

The Absolute ◽

Relationship Of

The well known, one-parameter Davydov–Filippov model (DFM) or its variants have been used often to study the inter band [Formula: see text]-g B(E2) ratios for the triaxially deformed nuclei. Here, its application for the axially deformed nuclei with [Formula: see text] less than [Formula: see text] is illustrated, which has not received attention so far. Instead of the usual practice of studying the gamma-ground B(E2) ratios, we focus on the absolute B(E2) values in DFM. It offers a wholly new role of the [Formula: see text]-variable in explaining the spectral features of the axially deformed nuclei. Further, it illustrates the intimate relationship of the [Formula: see text] variable and the quadrupole deformation variable [Formula: see text]. Additionally, a unified view of the various differing patterns of the variation of the [Formula: see text]-g B(E2) ratios versus [Formula: see text] is presented.

The Paradox of Preference vs. Performance: Towards a Unified View of Simulation Experience

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1541931218621331 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 1459-1463

Author(s):

Katelynn A. Kapalo ◽

Kevin P. Pfeil ◽

Pamela Wisniewski ◽

Joseph J. LaViola

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Learning Outcomes ◽

User Experience ◽

Serious Games ◽

Interactive Simulation ◽

Military Operations ◽

Training Outcomes ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Unified View

Interactive simulation is one of the most prominent methods used to train and measure learning outcomes across multiple disciplines. Despite the ubiquity of simulation-based training in a variety of domains including nursing, serious games, military operations, etc., there is a paucity of research on how simulation experience is defined and how individual differences impact user experience. Towards this end, this paper provides a critical review of the existing literature. We describe how we can leverage existing findings and emergent themes to better understand and define simulation experience, and we outline areas for further investigation of the role of individual differences in user experience to enhance not only training outcomes, but also perception of simulation.

Value, confidence and deliberation in preference tasks: a triple dissociation in the medial prefrontal cortex

10.1101/2020.09.17.301291 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

N. Clairis ◽

M. Pessiglione

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

General Idea ◽

Decision Neuroscience ◽

Course Of Action ◽

Decision Variables ◽

Comparison Results ◽

Reward Value ◽

Unified View

AbstractDeciding about courses of action involves an estimation of costs and benefits. Decision neuroscience studies have suggested a dissociation between the ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC and dmPFC), which would process reward value and effort cost, respectively. However, several results appeared inconsistent with this general idea of opponent reward and effort systems. These contradictions might reflect the diversity of tasks used to investigate the trade-off between effort cost and reward value. They might also reflect the confusion with a meta-decision process about the amount of deliberation needed to reach a sufficient confidence in the reward/effort estimates. Here, we used fMRI to examine the neural correlates of reward and effort estimates across several preference tasks, from (dis-)likeability ratings to binary decisions involving attribute integration and option comparison. Results confirm the role of the vmPFC as a generic valuation system, across the different tasks (likeability rating or binary decision) and attributes (the activity increasing with reward value and decreasing with effort cost). However, meta-decision variables were represented in more dorsal regions, with confidence in the mPFC and deliberation time in the dmPFC. These findings suggest that assessing commonalities across preference tasks and distinguishing between decision and meta-decision variables might help reaching a unified view of how the brain chooses a course of action.