scholarly journals Durable Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Sustainable Engineered Blends and Biocomposites: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima Tripathi ◽  
Manjusri Misra ◽  
Amar K. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments

scholarly journals A Review of Engineering Research in Sustainable Manufacturing

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl R. Haapala ◽  
Fu Zhao ◽  
Jaime Camelio ◽  
John W. Sutherland ◽  
Steven J. Skerlos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Supply Chain Design ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Planning Development

Sustainable manufacturing requires simultaneous consideration of economic, environmental, and social implications associated with the production and delivery of goods. Fundamentally, sustainable manufacturing relies on descriptive metrics, advanced decision-making, and public policy for implementation, evaluation, and feedback. In this paper, recent research into concepts, methods, and tools for sustainable manufacturing is explored. At the manufacturing process level, engineering research has addressed issues related to planning, development, analysis, and improvement of processes. At a manufacturing systems level, engineering research has addressed challenges relating to facility operation, production planning and scheduling, and supply chain design. Though economically vital, manufacturing processes and systems have retained the negative image of being inefficient, polluting, and dangerous. Industrial and academic researchers are re-imagining manufacturing as a source of innovation to meet society's future needs by undertaking strategic activities focused on sustainable processes and systems. Despite recent developments in decision making and process- and systems-level research, many challenges and opportunities remain. Several of these challenges relevant to manufacturing process and system research, development, implementation, and education are highlighted.

scholarly journals Continental shifts: capitalism, communications and change in Europe

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Graham Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Classic Approach ◽  
Media Markets ◽  
The Media ◽  
Distribution Of Power

This article puts forward the fundamental lines of thought on the Political Economy of Communications and the Media, since the development of capitalism up to the present day. Clarifying the distinction between Economy and Political Economy, this work examines the central split between two traditions within Political Economy: the Classic approach which is centred on markets and competition mechanisms and the Critical approach which is centred on the analysis of property and the distribution of power in society. Despite internal distinct traditions, for political economists’ questions about cultural production and consumption are never simply matters of economic organisation or creative expression and the relations between them. They are always also questions about the organisation of power and its consequences for the constitution of public life. Based on different Political Economy perspectives, this article attempts to present the most recent developments on communications and media markets in Europe and the major challenges and opportunities the discipline faces in a time marked by the emergence of a digital public sphere.

Earth Long-Wave Infrared Emission, New Ways to Harvest Energy

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Luciano Mescia ◽  
Pietro Bia ◽  
Onofrio Losito
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Long Wave Infrared ◽  
Thz Antennas

This chapter summarizes the physical properties of THz antennas, provides a summary of some of the most important recent developments in the field of energy harvesting of Earth long-wave infrared radiation, discusses the potential applications and identifies the future challenges and opportunities. In particular, a THz antenna is designed in order to transform the thermal energy, provided by the Sun and re-emitted from the Earth, in electricity. The proposed antenna is a square spiral of gold printed on a low cost dielectric substrate. Simulations have been conducted in order to investigate the behavior of the antenna illuminated by a circularly polarized plane wave with an amplitude chosen according to the Stefan-Boltzmann radiation law. Moreover, these THz antennas could be coupled with other components to obtain direct rectification of T radiation. As a consequence, these structures further optimized could be a promising alternative to the conventional photovoltaic solar cells.

Principles of service provision in old age psychiatry

2020 ◽  
pp. 281-306
Author(s):  
Tom Dening ◽  
Kuruvilla George
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Memory Assessment ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Old Age Psychiatry ◽  
Consultation Liaison Psychiatry

Globally increasing numbers of older people bring both challenges and opportunities for old age psychiatry services. This chapter outlines the history, underlying principles, and policy context for contemporary mental health services for older people. It discusses components of services, including community health teams, memory assessment services, consultation-liaison psychiatry, and in-patient mental health care, as well as newer types of service, such as crisis teams and outreach to care homes. Other recent developments include various models of case management and emphasis on post-diagnostic support. Equally important are issues of equality and access, and the chapter covers several key areas, such as age, gender, sexual orientation, religion and spirituality, and rurality. Major challenges to old age psychiatry come from limited resources and non-recognition of the distinct needs of older adults, as well as the demands of the growing older population, advances in science and technology, and the need to attract talented psychiatrists into this field.

From DRM to Enterprise Rights and Policy Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 169-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Henry Morin ◽  
Michel Pawlak
Keyword(s):  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Policy Management ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Principles

This chapter introduces digital rights management (DRM) in the perspective of digital policy management (DPM) focusing on the enterprise and corporate sector. DRM has become a domain in full expansion with many stakes which are by far not only technological. They also touch legal aspects as well as business and economic. Information is a strategic resource and as such requires a responsible approach of its management, almost to the extent of being patrimonial. Digital rights and policy management is now well established mainly in two distinct sectors sharing the same fundamental underlying technical principles: on the one hand, the entertainment and media industry, and on the other hand, the enterprise sector. This chapter mainly focuses on the latter, introducing DRM concepts, standards, and the underlying technologies from its origins to its most recent developments in order to assess the challenges and opportunities of enterprise digital policy management.

scholarly journals Destination Assessment and Certification: Challenges and Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Grapentin ◽  
Maureen Ayikoru
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
The Way

This study examines recent developments in destination assessment and certification as a basis for identifying challenges and benefits they engender, from tourist and tourism organizations’ perspectives. It uses online surveys and semi-structured interviews to collect primary data from prospective tourists and key informants on destination assessment and certification. The findings highlight the strengths and weaknesses of schemes currently in use, including various factors that might influence their future development. Specifically, the study finds that destination assessment and certification are affected by four key issues, namely, practicability, reliability, visibility, and (un)availability of incentives. It concludes that the manifestation of these issues and their ensuing complexity affect the way in which tourists and tourism destinations engage with destination assessment and certification. This, therefore, delimits the inherent opportunities and constraints within such schemes.

scholarly journals Heavy chalcogenide-transition metal clusters as coordination polymer nodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (32) ◽  
pp. 8350-8372
Author(s):  
Jiaze Xie ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
John S. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Polymer ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Metal Clusters ◽  
Transition Metal Clusters ◽  
Chalcogenide Clusters ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments, challenges, and opportunities in using polynuclear transition metal heavy chalcogenide clusters as nodes for coordination polymers.

scholarly journals Biomass-based chemical looping technologies: the good, the bad and the future

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1885-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhao ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Vineet Singh Sikarwar ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Ah-Hyung A. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Future ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments

This review article focuses on the challenges and opportunities of biomass-based chemical looping technologies and explores fundamentals, recent developments and future perspectives.

scholarly journals Tackling health inequality at the local level: Some critical reflections on the future of Norwegian policies

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenche Bekken ◽  
Espen Dahl ◽  
Kjetil Van Der Wel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Health Inequality ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Public Health Act

Aim: In this paper we discuss recent developments in the policy to reduce health inequalities in Norway in relation to challenges and opportunities associated with tackling health inequality at the local level. Methods: We discuss government documents and research findings on the implementation of policies to diminish health inequalities at the municipality level. Recent policy developments are briefly reviewed in relation to the 10-year strategy to reduce health inequalities passed by the Parliament in 2007. We then identify opportunities and obstacles to successful action on health inequalities at the local level. Results: The 2012 Public Health Act represented a powerful reinforcement of the strategy to reduce health inequalities at all three levels of government: the national, the regional and the local. However, some aspects of the policies pursued by the current government are likely to make local action to tackle health inequality an uphill struggle. In particular, health equity policies that have hitherto been based on universalism and had a focus on the gradient seem to be running out of fuel. Other challenges are an insufficient capacity for effective action particularly in smaller municipalities, and a rather weak knowledge base, including systems to monitor social inequalities and a general lack of evaluations of trials and new initiatives. Conclusions: We conclude that the Public Health Act opened up many new opportunities, but that a number of municipalities face obstacles that they need to overcome to tackle health inequalities comprehensively. Furthermore, local efforts need to be coupled with sustained national momentum to be efficient.

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