Efficient Recovery of Value Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Combining Deep Eutectic Solvents and Coextraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Wang ◽  
Tianyou Hu ◽  
Penghui Shi ◽  
Yulin Min ◽  
Junfeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Efficient Recovery

scholarly journals Separation and Efficient Recovery of Lithium from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Eva Gerold ◽  
Stefan Luidold ◽  
Helmut Antrekowitsch
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Efficient Recovery

The consumption of lithium has increased dramatically in recent years. This can be primarily attributed to its use in lithium-ion batteries for the operation of hybrid and electric vehicles. Due to its specific properties, lithium will also continue to be an indispensable key component for rechargeable batteries in the next decades. An average lithium-ion battery contains 5–7% of lithium. These values indicate that used rechargeable batteries are a high-quality raw material for lithium recovery. Currently, the feasibility and reasonability of the hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries is still a field of research. This work is intended to compare the classic method of the precipitation of lithium from synthetic and real pregnant leaching liquors gained from spent lithium-ion batteries with sodium carbonate (state of the art) with alternative precipitation agents such as sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate. Furthermore, the correlation of the obtained product to the used type of phosphate is comprised. In addition, the influence of the process temperature (room temperature to boiling point), as well as the stoichiometric factor of the precipitant, is investigated in order to finally enable a statement about an efficient process, its parameter and the main dependencies.

scholarly journals A Sustainable Process for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries by Deep Eutectic Solvents Leaching

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Lourdes Yurramendi ◽  
Jokin Hidalgo ◽  
Amal Siriwardana
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inorganic Acids ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Valuable Metals

The feasibility of using low-environmental-impact leaching media to recover valuable metals from lithium ion batteries (LIBs) has been evaluated. Several deep eutectic solvents (DES) were tested as leaching agents in the presence of different type of additives (i.e., H2O2). The optimization of Co recovery was carried out by investigating various operating conditions, such as reaction time, temperature, solid (black mass) to liquid (DES) ratio, additive type, and concentration. Leaching with final selected DES choline chloride (33%), lactic acid (53%), and citric acid (13%) at 55 °C achieved an extraction yield of more than 95% for the cobalt. The leaching mechanism likely begins with the dissolution of the active material in the black mass (BM) followed by chelation of Co(II) with the DES. The results obtained confirm that those leaching media are an eco-friendly alternative to the strong inorganic acids used nowadays.

Bio-inspired choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents as electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Millia ◽  
Valentina Dall'Asta ◽  
Chiara Ferrara ◽  
Vittorio Berbenni ◽  
Eliana Quartarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents

Deep eutectic solvents based on N-methylacetamide and a lithium salt as suitable electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (46) ◽  
pp. 20054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Boisset ◽  
Sebastian Menne ◽  
Johan Jacquemin ◽  
Andrea Balducci ◽  
Mérièm Anouti
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Salt ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents

scholarly journals Efficient Recovery of Lithium Cobaltate from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3343
Author(s):  
Ayesha Arif ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Jamshaid Rashid ◽  
Chaudry Sajed Saraj ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Lithium Cobaltate ◽  
Efficient Recovery

Owing to technological advancements and the ever-increasing population, the search for renewable energy resources has increased. One such attempt at finding effective renewable energy is recycling of lithium-ion batteries and using the recycled material as an electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) step in water splitting reactions. In electrocatalysis, the OER plays a crucial role and several electrocatalysts have been investigated to improve the efficiency of O2 gas evolution. Present research involves the use of citric acid coupled with lemon peel extracts for efficient recovery of lithium cobaltate from waste lithium-ion batteries and subsequent use of the recovered cathode material for OER in water splitting. Optimum recovery was achieved at 90 °C within 3 h of treatment with 1.5 M citric acid and 1.5% extract volume. The consequent electrode materials were calcined at 600, 700 and 800 °C and compared to the untreated waste material calcined at 600 °C for OER activity. The treated material recovered and calcined at 600 °C was the best among all of the samples for OER activity. Its average particle size was estimated to be within the 20–100 nm range and required a low overpotential of 0.55 V vs. RHE for the current density to reach 10 mA cm2 with a Tafel value of 128 mV/dec.

scholarly journals Recycling and Direct-Regeneration of Cathode Materials from Spent Ternary Lithium-Ion Batteries by Hydrometallurgy: Status Quo and Developing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhen Duan ◽  
Yaru Cui ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Chonghao Man ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Valuable Metals ◽  
Co Precipitation

The cathodes of spent ternary lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are rich in non-ferrous metals, such as lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co)and manganese (Mn), which are important strategic raw materials and also potential sources of environmental pollution. How to extract these valuable metals cleanly and efficiently from spent cathodes is of great significance for sustainable development of LIBs industry. In the light of low energy consumption, green and high recovery efficiency, this paper provides an overview on different recovery technologies to recycle valuable metals in cathode materials of spent ternary LIBs. And the development trend and application prospects on recovery strategies for cathode materials in spent ternary LIBs are simply predicted also. It is proved that the high economic recovery system of “alkaline solution dissolution/calcination pre-treatment → H2SO4 leaching → H2O2 reduction → co-precipitation regeneration NCM” will be the dominant stream for recycling retired NCM batteries soon. Furthermore, the emerging advanced technologies, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) extraction and one–step direct regeneration/recovery of NCM cathode materials are preferred methods to substitute conventional regeneration system in the future.

Electrodeposition of Porous Sn-Ni-Cu Alloy Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries from Nickel Matte in Deep Eutectic Solvents

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 (10) ◽  
pp. D427-D434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaichao Rao ◽  
Xingli Zou ◽  
Shujuan Wang ◽  
Tianyu Shi ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Alloy Anode ◽  
Nickel Matte ◽  
Cu Alloy

A novel method for screening deep eutectic solvent to recycle the cathode of Li-ion batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 4473-4482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubin Wang ◽  
Zuotai Zhang ◽  
Zhouguang Lu ◽  
Zhenghe Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Alternative Technology ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Li Ion

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as a green alternative technology, exhibit great potential to recycle valuable elements from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).

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