Converse Piezoelectric Effect in Cellulose I Revealed by Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Gindl ◽  
Gerhard Emsenhuber ◽  
Johannes Plackner ◽  
Johannes Konnerth ◽  
Jozef Keckes
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cellulose I ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Converse Piezoelectric Effect

TUNABLE PHASE TRANSITION AND PHOTO-INDUCED RESISTANCE IN La0.8Ca0.2MnO3/FERROELECTRIC HETEROSTRUCTURES

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 1350162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. GAO ◽  
E. J. GUO ◽  
S. Y. WANG ◽  
Z. P. WU ◽  
H. J. BU
Keyword(s):  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Perovskite Manganite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metal Insulator ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Field Modulation ◽  
Converse Piezoelectric Effect

Heterostructures of La 0.8 Ca 0.2 MnO 3 (LCMO)/ferroelectric were formed by growing a layer of perovskite manganite LCMO on the ferroelectric 0.67 Pb ( Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3) O 3-0.33 PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) single crystals. Well tunable structural, magnetic, and transport properties were achieved by applying electric fields on the formed heterostructures. By varying electric fields biased on the PMN-PT, the metal–insulator transition and resistance could be modulated continuously and reversely. Field modulation of photo-induced resistance (PR) was also observed. In situ X-ray diffraction indicates that the variation of resistance and PR result from the induced strain due to the coaction ferroelectric polarization or converse piezoelectric effect. The variations of PR under different fields differ significantly when PMN-PT was in positively and negatively polarized states. Such observations could be explained based on the coaction of piezoelectric effect and ferroelectric-field polarization, which subsequently affect the lattice strain and density of charge carrier in the grown LCMO layer.

Wide angle X-ray diffraction investigation of crystal orientation in miscible blend of poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(vinyl chloride) crystallized under strain

Polymer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (19) ◽  
pp. 8141-8150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubao Zhang ◽  
Véronique Leblanc-Boily ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Robert E. Prud'homme
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Miscible Blend

A quantitative differentiation method for plastic bags by wide angle X-ray diffraction for tracing the source of illegal drugs

2007 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Causin ◽  
Carla Marega ◽  
Pietro Carresi ◽  
Sergio Schiavone ◽  
Antonio Marigo
Keyword(s):  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Differentiation Method ◽  
Plastic Bags

Wide angle X-ray diffraction study of the solid-phase chlorinated poly(ethylene)

Polymer ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (18) ◽  
pp. 6341-6348 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stoeva ◽  
A. Popov ◽  
R. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Time-resolved isothermal crystallization of absorbable PGA-co-PLA copolymer by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction

Polymer ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (21) ◽  
pp. 8965-8973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Gang Wang ◽  
Xuehui Wang ◽  
Benjamin S. Hsiao ◽  
Saša Andjelić ◽  
Dennis Jamiolkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Isothermal Crystallization ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

In situ time resolved wide angle X-ray diffraction study of nanotube carpet growth: Nature of catalyst particles and progressive nanotube alignment

Carbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 246-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Périne Landois ◽  
Mathieu Pinault ◽  
Stéphan Rouzière ◽  
Dominique Porterat ◽  
Cristian Mocuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals c-Perpendicular Orientation of Poly(ʟ-lactide) Films

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1572
Author(s):  
Baku Nagendra ◽  
Paola Rizzo ◽  
Christophe Daniel ◽  
Lucia Baldino ◽  
Gaetano Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Film Plane ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Induced Crystallization

Poly(ʟ-lactide) (PLLA) films, even of high thickness, exhibiting co-crystalline and crystalline α phases with their chain axes preferentially perpendicular to the film plane (c⊥ orientation) have been obtained. This c⊥ orientation, unprecedented for PLLA films, can be achieved by the crystallization of amorphous films as induced by low-temperature sorption of molecules being suitable as guests of PLLA co-crystalline forms, such as N,N-dimethylformamide, cyclopentanone or 1,3-dioxolane. This kind of orientation is shown and quantified by two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction (2D-WAXD) patterns, as taken with the X-ray beam parallel to the film plane (EDGE patterns), which present all the hk0 arcs centered on the meridian. PLLA α-form films, as obtained by low-temperature guest-induced crystallization, also exhibit high transparency, being not far from those of the starting amorphous films.

Structure and properties of polypropylene/organic rectorite nanocomposites

Clay Minerals ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Huang ◽  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Guozheng Liang ◽  
Hongxia Yan
Keyword(s):  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Monoclinic Crystal ◽  
X Ray

AbstractMelt blending using a twin-screw extruder was used to prepare composites of polypropylene (PP)/organic rectorite (PR). The organic rectorite (OREC) was modified with dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (1227). Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the dispersion of OREC in the composites. The d spacings of OREC in PR composites was greater than in OREC itself. The dispersion of OREC particles in the PP polymer matrix was fine and uniform when the clay content was small (2 wt.%). The rheology was characterized using a capillary rheometer. The processing behaviour of the PR system improved as the amount of OREC added increased. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics were analysed using differential scanning calorimetry. It was shown that the addition of OREC had a heterogeneous nucleation effect on PP, and can accelerate the crystallization. However, only when fine dispersion was achieved, and at lower rates of temperature decrease, was the crystallinity greater. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction and polarized light microscopy were used to observe the crystalline form and crystallite size. The PP in the PR composites exhibited an a-monoclinic crystal form, as in pure PP, and in both cases a spherulite structure was observed. However, the smaller spherulite size in the PR systems indicated that addition of OREC can reduce the crystal size significantly, which might improve the ‘toughness’ of the PP. The mechanical properties (tensile and impact strength) improved when the amount of OREC added was appropriate. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the storage modulus (E′) and loss modulus (E″) of the nanocomposites were somewhat greater than those of pure PP when an appropriate amount of OREC was added. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis showed that the PR systems exhibited a greater thermal stability than was seen with pure PP.

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