Preharvestl-Arginine Treatment Induced Postharvest Disease Resistance toBotrysis cinereain Tomato Fruits

Postharvest anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is one of the most important postharvest diseases of mangoes worldwide. Bacillus siamensis (B. siamensis), as a biocontrol bacteria, has significant effects on inhibiting disease and improving the quality of fruits and vegetables. In this study, pre-storage application of B. siamensis significantly induced disease resistance and decreased disease index (DI) of stored mango fruit. To investigate the induction mechanisms of B. siamensis, comparative transcriptome analysis of mango fruit samples during the storage were established. In total, 234,808 unique transcripts were assembled and 56,704 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of DEGs showed that most of the DEGs involved in plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and biosynthesis of resistant substances were enriched. Fourteen DEGs related to disease-resistance were validated by qRT-PCR, which well corresponded to the FPKM value obtained from the transcriptome data. These results indicate that B. siamensis treatment may act to induce disease resistance of mango fruit by affecting multiple pathways. These findings not only reveal the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern postharvest disease, but also develop a biological strategy to maintain quality of post-harvest mango fruit.

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History and Perspectives on the Use of Disease Resistance Inducers in Horticultural Crops

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.15.3.0518 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 518-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Andrea B. da Rocha ◽

Ray Hammerschmidt

Keyword(s):

Disease Resistance ◽

Disease Control ◽

Induced Resistance ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Management Practices ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Postharvest Disease ◽

High Quality ◽

Horticultural Crops ◽

Resistance Inducers

A major challenge facing horticultural crop production is the need to provide field and postharvest disease control measures that help maintain high quality plant products. Producers and consumers also expect high quality produce with minimal or no pesticide residues and competitive prices. The chemical management of disease is further complicated by the development of fungicide resistance in many important pathogens. Because of these concerns, an alternative or complementary approach is the use of disease resistance inducers that activate the natural defenses of the plant. Induced disease resistance in plants has been studied in many different pathosystems for nearly a century. Resistance to plant disease can be induced systemically by prior infection with pathogens, by certain non-pathogenic microbes that colonize the surface of roots and leaves, or by chemicals. The application of resistance inducers should protect plants through the induction of defenses that are effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Over the last few years, a number of materials that could potentially be used as inducers of resistance in horticultural crops have been identified. Some of these materials are already commercially available. Although induced resistance is known to provide a broad spectrum of disease suppression, it may not be a complete solution because variation in the efficacy of disease resistance induction has been observed. The variation in the response may be dependent on the plant species and even cultivars, as well as variability in the spectrum of pathogens that resistance can be induced against. Induction of resistance depends on the activation of biochemical processes that are triggered in the plant, and therefore a lag time between treatment and expression of resistance occurs. This lag effect may limit the practical application of disease resistance inducers. Since the efficacy of the inducers also depends on the part of the plant that was treated, the product delivery (i.e., how the inducers would be applied in order to optimize their action) is another factor to be considered. Some studies have shown that there may be side effects on growth or yield characteristics when certain inducers are used. Understanding the biochemical interactions occurring between plants, pathogens and the inducers will provide information that may be useful for the optimization of this new approach on disease control. Approaches to integrate induced resistance with other management practices need to be investigated as a means to aid the development of sustainable disease management programs that are effective as well as economically and environmentally sound.

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Enhancement of Postharvest Disease Resistance in Ya Li Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) Fruit by Salicylic Acid Sprays on the Trees during Fruit Growth

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-005-5401-8 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 114 (4) ◽

pp. 363-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Jiankang Cao ◽

Kaifang Zeng ◽

Weibo Jiang

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Disease Resistance ◽

Fruit Growth ◽

Postharvest Disease

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Mechanisms activated by fungal-based host pH modulators during quiescent infections and active postharvest disease development

10.32747/2011.7597911.bard ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Dov B. Prusky ◽

Tesfaye Mengiste ◽

Robert Fluhr

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Postharvest Disease ◽

Disease Development ◽

Host Gene Expression ◽

Postharvest Diseases ◽

Tomato Fruits ◽

Effects Of Ph ◽

Plant Transcriptome

This project aims were to provide new insights on the mechanisms activated during alkalinization and acidification of the infection court by Colletotrichum and Botrytis spp. respectively that will lead to quiescent infection-development on tomato fruits. We have chosen these pathogens due to their contrasting life style of alkalinization and acidification, respectively. We will study the roles of these fungal-based host-pH modulators in modulating host gene expression during quiescent infection development and compare these roles with those governing active colonization as a basis for developing novel strategies for control of postharvest diseases. The aims will be pursued through: Characterization of the effects of pH modulation on fungal-plant cell-cell signaling and on the fungal and plant transcriptome during the initial stages of fungal quiescence. The unpublished material that is presented as short abstract is considered one of the key point modulating Characterization of expression profiles of tomato fruits affected by acidifying and alkalinizing pathogensduring the transformation of quiescent to active infections by Colletotrichum and Botrytis. Functional analysis of selected genes involved in signaling pathways that affects the quiescent and active infections of Colletotrichum and Botrytis.

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Transcriptome Characterization and Expression Profiles of Disease Defense-Related Genes of Table Grapes in Response to Pichia anomala Induced with Chitosan

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10071451 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1451

Author(s):

Wanying Hu ◽

Esa Abiso Godana ◽

Meiqiu Xu ◽

Qiya Yang ◽

Solairaj Dhanasekaran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Disease Resistance ◽

Plant Disease Resistance ◽

Mapk Signaling ◽

Pichia Anomala ◽

Alternative Methods ◽

Postharvest Disease ◽

Control Group ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Disease Defense

Transcriptome analysis (TA) was conducted to characterize the transcriptome changes in postharvest disease-related genes of table grapes following treatment with Pichia anomala induced with chitosan (1% w/v). In the current study, the difference in the gene expression of table grapes after treatment with P. anomala induced with chitosan and that of a control group was compared 72 h post-inoculation. The study revealed that postharvest treatment of table grapes with P. anomala induced with chitosan could up-regulate genes that have a pivotal role in the fruit’s disease defense. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) results also confirmed that GO terms and the KEGG pathways, which have pivotal roles in plant disease resistance, were significantly enriched. The up-regulated genes of the treatment group have a unique function in the fruit’s disease resistance compared to the control group. Generally, most genes in the plant–pathogen interaction pathway; the plant Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway; the plant hormone signal transduction pathway; the pathway of glutathione metabolism; the pathway of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; and the pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis were all up-regulated. These up-regulations help the fruit to synthesize disease-resistant substances, regulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhance the fruit cell wall, and enrich hormone signal transduction during the pathogen’s attack. This study is useful to overcome the lags in applying transcriptomics technology in postharvest pathology, and will provide insight towards developing other alternative methods to using bio-pesticides to control postharvest diseases of perishables.

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