Spatial Distributions of Inorganic Elements in Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and Possible Relationships to Dietary Habits and Surrounding Environmental Pollutants

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (21) ◽  
pp. 5009-5015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsing-Hai Wang ◽  
Chia-Hung Jian ◽  
Yi-Kong Hsieh ◽  
Fu-Nien Wang ◽  
Chu-Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Inorganic Elements

Nutrition and Nutraceuticals in Neuroinflammatory and Brain Metabolic Stress: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 680-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Pandareesh ◽  
Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu ◽  
Sakina Razack ◽  
Narayanappa Amruta ◽  
Ramesh Choudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Effective Manner

Background and Objective: A steep rise in the incidences of neurodegenerative disorders could be the combined effect of several non-genetic factors such as increased life expectancy, environmental pollutants, lifestyle, and dietary habits, as population-level genetic change require multiple generations. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic over-nutrition induces brain metabolic stress and neuroinflammation, and are individually known to promote neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD). Although the association of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis with the dietary habits is well known, neuronal implications of diet and nutritional factors is still in its infancy. Transcriptomics and proteomics-based studies support the view that nutraceuticals target multiple neuroprotective pathways in a slow but effective manner without causing severe adverse effects, and may represent the future of tackling neurodegenerative disorders. Conclusion: In this article we i) review the diet/dietary supplement connection with brain metabolic stress and neuroinflammation and ii) summarize current knowledge of the effects of nutraceuticals on neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Uma breve revisão sobre a utilização de abelhas como bioindicadores de contaminação ambiental: Ênfase na Apis mellifera L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Irineu Ferreira da Silva Neto ◽  
Maria Beatriz Silva Duarte ◽  
Maria Aparecida Dias Fernandes Canuto ◽  
Annalu Moreira Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Google Scholar

A antropização generalizada e várias atividades humanas estão degradando o meio ambiente com intensidade crescente. Dessa forma, diferentes espécies de animais foram recentemente consideradas como bioindicadores de contaminação ambiental, em função da sua capacidade indicativa. Assim, o estudo desenvolvido possui como principal objetivo a verificação da capacidade e do grau de utilização de abelhas (Apis mellifera L.) como bioindicadores de contaminação ambiental, através de uma revisão de literatura, nas seguintes bases de dados: SciELO, PubMed e Google Scholar, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Apis mellifera, Biomarcadores ambientais “Environmental Biomarkers”, Toxicologia “Toxicology”, e Poluentes ambientais “Environmental Pollutants”, combinados pelo operador booleano “AND”. O período de publicações delimitado pelo estudo compreende desde o ano de 2015 até setembro de 2020, utilizando dados encontrados no idioma português ou inglês. Foram incluídos estudos disponíveis na íntegra, obtidos através da opinião de especialistas, os quais foram publicados em periódicos renomados. De acordo com a avaliação dos estudos coletados, pode-se verificar a existência de um cenário favorável para a aplicação de abelhas enquanto bioindicadores ambientais, sendo um dos fatores essenciais a diversidade do material amostrado por este tipo de animal, uma vez que, o processo de amostragem realizado acaba sendo bastante significativo e representativo, porém, em contrapartida, ainda se faz bastante perceptível às fragilidades que este tipo de amostragem pode vir a apresentar. É válido salientar que o estudo prévio da espécie que será utilizada, assim como da região a qual se pretende analisar, é indispensável para que se tenha uma coleta de dados mais apurada.

scholarly journals Quality parameters, mineral profile and correlation of origin and physical-chemical parameters of Apis mellifera honey produced in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e49
Author(s):  
Franciéli Possa Da Rosa ◽  
Ledieli Belmonte Soares ◽  
Cássio Marques Resmim ◽  
Maíne Gavioli Boff ◽  
Luana Passamani De Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Mineral Profile

Beehive products, including honey, are valuable environmental indicators, as bees transport compounds in the environment by transferring them to the hive. Environmental pollutants can reduce the quality of honey and represent a risk for consumers. In this work, we characterised honey samples of Apis mellifera from different cities of the Rio Grande do Sul state (southern Brazil), sold without any inspection. A total of 23 honey samples were collected from 11 cities of Rio Grande do Sul. We carried out Lugol’s and Lund’s tests, analysed the electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and acidity of the honey samples, and determined their moisture, ash, reducing sugar, apparent sucrose, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and diastase contents. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis was performed to determinate the mineral profile of the samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the physicochemical data in order to differentiate the honey samples based on their origin. The analysis of the physicochemical parameters indicated that seven samples (30.4%) showed deviations from the reference values. PCA accounted for 90.03% of the variance with the first four principal component variables. Most samples were separated by the city of origin, supporting the possibility of using honey as an environmental marker.

scholarly journals Essentiality of Trace Elements in Pregnancy, Fertility, and Gynecologic Cancers—A State-of-the-Art Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
James Curtis Dring ◽  
Alicja Forma ◽  
Zuzanna Chilimoniuk ◽  
Maciej Dobosz ◽  
Grzegorz Teresiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Health It ◽  
Gynecologic Cancers ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Gynecological neoplasms pose a serious threat to women’s health. It is estimated that in 2020, there were nearly 1.3 million new cases worldwide, from which almost 50% ended in death. The most commonly diagnosed are cervical and endometrial cancers; when it comes to infertility, it affects ~48.5 million couples worldwide and the number is continually rising. Ageing of the population, environmental factors such as dietary habits, environmental pollutants and increasing prevalence of risk factors may affect the reproductive potential in women. Therefore, in order to identify potential risk factors for these issues, attention has been drawn to trace elements. Trace mineral imbalances can be caused by a variety of causes, starting with hereditary diseases, finishing with an incorrect diet or exposure to polluted air or water. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding trace elements imbalances in the case of gynecologic cancers as well as female fertility and during pregnancy.

Reaction couples of ceramic thin films prepared by CVD

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 798-799
Author(s):  
D.W. Susnitzky ◽  
S.R. Summerfelt ◽  
C.B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Ceramic Thin Films ◽  
Initial Stage

Solid-state reactions have traditionally been studied in the form of diffusion couples. This ‘bulk’ approach has been modified, for the specific case of the reaction between NiO and Al2O3, by growing NiAl2O4 (spinel) from electron-transparent Al2O3 TEM foils which had been exposed to NiO vapor at 1415°C. This latter ‘thin-film’ approach has been used to characterize the initial stage of spinel formation and to produce clean phase boundaries since further TEM preparation is not required after the reaction is completed. The present study demonstrates that chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) can be used to deposit NiO particles, with controlled size and spatial distributions, onto Al2O3 TEM specimens. Chemical reactions do not occur during the deposition process, since CVD is a relatively low-temperature technique, and thus the NiO-Al2O3 interface can be characterized. Moreover, a series of annealing treatments can be performed on the same sample which allows both Ni0-NiAl2O4 and NiAl2O4-Al2O3 interfaces to be characterized and which therefore makes this technique amenable to kinetics studies of thin-film reactions.

Changes in corneocyte element concentrations occur in skin inner stratum corneum

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-147
Author(s):  
R. R. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Element Concentration ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Brick Wall ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Intercellular Lipid

Keratinocytes undergo maturation during their transit through the viable layers of skin, and then abruptly transform into flattened, anuclear corneocytes that constitute the cellular component of the skin barrier, the stratum corneum (SC). The SC is generally considered to be homogeneous in its structure and barrier properties, and is often shown schematically as a featureless brick wall, the “bricks” being the corneocytes, the “mortar” being intercellular lipid. Previously we showed the outer SC was not homogeneous in its composition, but contained steep gradients of the physiological inorganic elements Na, K and Cl, likely originating from sweat salts. Here we show the innermost corneocytes in human skin are also heterogeneous in composition, undergoing systematic changes in intracellular element concentration during transit into the interior of the SC.Human skin biopsies were taken from the lower leg of individuals with both “good” and “dry” skin and plunge-frozen in a stirred, cooled isopentane/propane mixture.

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

Differentiation Processes of the Ocellar Retina of the Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Pabst
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Adult Worker

In addition to the compound eyes, honeybees have three dorsal ocelli on the vertex of the head. Each ocellus has about 800 elongated photoreceptor cells. They are paired and the distal segment of each pair bears densely packed microvilli forming together a platelike fused rhabdom. Beneath a common cuticular lens a single layer of corneagenous cells is present.Ultrastructural studies were made of the retina of praepupae, different pupal stages and adult worker bees by thin sections and freeze-etch preparations. In praepupae the ocellar anlage consists of a conical group of epidermal cells that differentiate to photoreceptor cells, glial cells and corneagenous cells. Some photoreceptor cells are already paired and show disarrayed microvilli with circularly ordered filaments inside. In ocelli of 2-day-old pupae, when a retinogenous and a lentinogenous cell layer can be clearly distinguished, cell membranes of the distal part of two photoreceptor cells begin to interdigitate with each other and so start to form the definitive microvilli. At the beginning the microvilli often occupy the whole width of the developing rhabdom (Fig. 1).

Application of high-resolution field-emission LVSEM, backscatter imaging, immunogold staining to definition of the spatial distributions of two human neutrophil adherence receptors

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Robert D. Nelson ◽  
Sharon R. Hasslen ◽  
Stanley L. Erlandsen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Immunogold Staining ◽  
Functional Control ◽  
Neutrophil Adherence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mode Of Attachment

Receptors are commonly defined in terms of number per cell, affinity for ligand, chemical structure, mode of attachment to the cell surface, and mechanism of signal transduction. We propose to show that knowledge of spatial distribution of receptors on the cell surface can provide additional clues to their function and components of functional control.L-selectin and Mac-1 denote two receptor populations on the neutrophil surface that mediate neutrophil-endothelial cell adherence interactions and provide for targeting of neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation. We have studied the spatial distributions of these receptors using LVSEM and backscatter imaging of isolated human neutrophils stained with mouse anti-receptor (primary) antibody and goat anti-mouse (secondary) antibody conjugated to 12 nm colloidal gold. This combination of techniques provides for three-dimensional analysis of the expression of these receptors on different surface membrane domains of the neutrophil: the ruffles and microvilli that project from the cell surface, and the cell body between these projecting structures.

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