Variation of Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin, and Insulin Resistance in Thai Adults According to the New BMI Criteria for Asians

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komindr ◽  
Viroonudomphol ◽  
Cherdchu
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Relationship Of

For a group of 73 males and 247 females, being health-conscious and from the lower middle class of Bangkok, with various degrees of the nutritional status defined by the new criteria for Asians, the relationship of anthropometric indicators and the plasma lipid status to fasting glucose, fasting plasma insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR) has been studied. For assessing differences among groups either the Mann-Whitney U-test or the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance for multiple comparisons were applied. Multivariate regression models were computed to assess variation of glucose, insulin, and the HOMA-IR due to the nutritional status and serum lipids. A significant increase in fasting plasma glucose for both sexes and for females for the HOMA-IR models could be observed for the group with a body-mass index (BMI) range of 23 to less than 25. Insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR correlated for both sexes, especially with BMI and hip circumference, while the variation of fasting plasma glucose is less dependent on anthropometric nutritional indicators in comparison to insulin and HOMA-IR. Only the lipid status of females weakly correlated with insulin and HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals Improved indices of insulin resistance and insulin secretion for use in genetic and population studies of type2 diabetes mellitus

Twin Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur B Jenkins ◽  
Katherine Samaras ◽  
David GP Carey ◽  
Paul Kelly ◽  
Lesley V Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Significant Heritability ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Direct Measures

AbstractHomeostasis model assessment (HOMA) provides indices of insulin secretion (β) and insulin resistance (R) derived from fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting plasma insulin (FPI) levels. However, these indices could not account for a significant heritability of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (h2 = 0.75, P < 0.01) in a group of 214 female twins. This result is consistent with a misclassification between effects due to insulin secretion and resistance in the HOMA indices. We report here evidence of such misclassification in the HOMA indices and describe a minor modification to the model which corrects it. Direct measures of insulin resistance (euglycaemic clamp) and secretion (i.v. glucose bolus) were obtained in 43 non-diabetic subjects. Heritability was estimated by statistical modelling of genetic and environmental influences in data from 214 non-diabetic female subjects. Modified HOMA (HOMA′) indices were obtained from β′ = (Ln(FPI)–c)/FPG and R′ = (Ln(FPI)–c)* FPG where c is a constant derived from regression analysis of Ln(FPI) vs FPG. Indices from both models correlated with the direct measures similarly (r = 0.63 (R), 0.49 (R′), 0.45 (β), 0.39 (β′), all P < 0.01). Directly measured insulin resistance and secretion were not significantly correlated (r = 0.13, P = 0.21). However, unmodified HOMA- and R were strongly related (r = 0.78, P < 0.0001 vs 0.13) demonstrating substantial misclassification. The relationship between β′ and R′ (r = 0.13) was not different from that between the two direct measures and significant heritability of β′ (h2 = 0.68, P < 0.01) and R′ (h2 = 0.59, P < 0.05) was evident in the twin data. The proposed modification to HOMA significantly reduces misclassification and reveals separate components of insulin resistance and insulin secretion in the heritability of FPG. Twin Research (2000) 3, 148–151.

scholarly journals Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and ?-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man

Diabetologia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Matthews ◽  
J. P. Hosker ◽  
A. S. Rudenski ◽  
B. A. Naylor ◽  
D. F. Treacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentration in Relation to Nutritional Status Indicator and Physical Activity Level among Schizophrenia Patient

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Della MW Cintakaweni ◽  
Saptawati Bardosono ◽  
Hervita Diatri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Schizophrenia Patient ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Status Indicator ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentration

Diabetes mellitus is often accompanied to schizophrenia patient. This condition probably related to genetic, antipsychotic drugs and the development of schizophrenia that can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle, such as sedentary lifestyle and the increased of dietary intake. Cross-sectional study was held in Psychiatry Department Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during May to June 2014 to determine the correlation between fasting plasma glucose concentration in schizophrenia patient to their nutritional status indicator and physical activity level. Forty-seven subjects finished the study protocol. The result showed that the fasting plasma glucose concentration in schizophrenia patient has no correlation with nutritional status indicator and physical activity level, in which 91.5% subject had normal fasting plasma glucose. However, there is a need for further investigation because 31.9% subject was overweight, 48.9% subject was obesity and 74.5% subject had central obesity.

scholarly journals Effect of Exenatide on Splanchnic and Peripheral Glucose Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1763-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cersosimo ◽  
A. Gastaldelli ◽  
A. Cervera ◽  
E. Wajcberg ◽  
A. Sriwijilkamol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Objective: Our objective was to examine the mechanisms via which exenatide attenuates postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Study Design: Seventeen T2DM patients (44 yr; seven females, 10 males; body mass index = 33.6 kg/m2; glycosylated hemoglobin = 7.9%) received a mixed meal followed for 6 h with double-tracer technique ([1-14C]glucose orally; [3-3H]glucose iv) before and after 2 wk of exenatide. In protocol II (n = 5), but not in protocol I (n = 12), exenatide was given in the morning of the repeat meal. Total and oral glucose appearance rates (RaT and RaO, respectively), endogenous glucose production (EGP), splanchnic glucose uptake (75 g − RaO), and hepatic insulin resistance (basal EGP × fasting plasma insulin) were determined. Results: After 2 wk of exenatide (protocol I), fasting plasma glucose decreased (from 10.2 to 7.6 mm) and mean postmeal plasma glucose decreased (from 13.2 to 11.3 mm) (P &lt; 0.05); fasting and meal-stimulated plasma insulin and glucagon did not change significantly. After exenatide, basal EGP decreased (from 13.9 to 10.8 μmol/kg · min, P &lt; 0.05), and hepatic insulin resistance declined (both P &lt; 0.05). RaO, gastric emptying (acetaminophen area under the curve), and splanchnic glucose uptake did not change. In protocol II (exenatide given before repeat meal), fasting plasma glucose decreased (from 11.1 to 8.9 mm) and mean postmeal plasma glucose decreased (from 14.2 to 10.1 mm) (P &lt; 0.05); fasting and meal-stimulated plasma insulin and glucagon did not change significantly. After exenatide, basal EGP decreased (from 13.4 to 10.7 μmol/kg · min, P = 0.05). RaT and RaO decreased markedly from 0–180 min after meal ingestion, consistent with exenatide's action to delay gastric emptying. Conclusions: Exenatide improves 1) fasting hyperglycemia by reducing basal EGP and 2) postmeal hyperglycemia by reducing the appearance of oral glucose in the systemic circulation.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT DIABETIC FACTORS IN IMPAIRED FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE OBESE ELDERLY

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Ming-Chieh Ma ◽  
Dee Pei
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
The Relationship

Background: In both developed and developing countries, the relationship between aging an obesity is similar and studies appear to be more important at all ages. Therefore, we focused on patients with impaired fasting blood glucose levels to see the baseline changes in insulin homeostasis. The current study seeks to explain the relationship between insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and glucose effects in obese elderly people. Methods: We randomly enrolled 31subjects who were aged 65 years old. All these patients were obese (body mass index ≥ 25 2 kg/m ) and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was between 100 and 125 mg/dl. Four diabetic factors were calculated and included rst phase insulin secretion (PFIS), second phase insulin secretion (SFIS), insulin resistance (IR) and glucose effectiveness (GE). Results: In the current study, we enrolled 18 male and 13 female subjects. The mean FPG was 108 (mg/dl) in both male and female. All the demographic data were non-signicant when compared with male and female except the hemoglobin. When we compared these four diabetic factors with FPG, we found only SPIS was signicantly negative correlated with FPG in both genders. Discussion: FPG was correlated with SPIS only. FPIS, IR and GE were not correlated with FPG in impaired fasting plasma glucose obese elderly. Further study is needed for understating the underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance improve in patients with acromegaly converted from depot octreotide to pegvisomant

2003 ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
WM Drake ◽  
SV Rowles ◽  
ME Roberts ◽  
FK Fode ◽  
GM Besser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Median Dose ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Igf I

AIM AND METHOD: Insulin resistance leading, in some cases, to glucose intolerance is an important contributory factor to the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with acromegaly. The aim of this study was to document changes in insulin sensitivity (IS) in a group of seven patients with acromegaly (three male, four female, mean+/-s.d. age 59+/-13 Years) treated initially with a stable dose of depot octreotide (OT; median dose 30 mg four times weekly, range 10-30 mg) for a median of 18 Months (range 16-19 Months) and who were then transferred to treatment with pegvisomant (median dose 15 mg daily, range 10-20 mg) for a median of 8 Months (range 7-9 Months). IS was assessed by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) using fasting glucose and insulin concentrations and by a short insulin tolerance test (sITT). Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Mean+/-s.d. serum IGF-I concentrations during therapy with OT and with pegvisomant were not statistically different (283+/-119 ng/ml on OT vs 191+/-39 ng/ml on pegvisomant (P=0.4)). However, mean+/-s.d. fasting plasma glucose fell from 6.2+/-1.0 mmol/l on OT to 5.2+/-0.6 mmol/l on pegvisomant (P=0.017) and was lower on pegvisomant in all seven patients. In four patients, fasting plasma glucose fell from values diagnostic of diabetes mellitus or impaired fasting glucose on OT to within the normal range on pegvisomant. Mean+/-s.d. peripheral IS (by sITT) increased from 139+/-39 micromol/l per min on OT to 169+/-59 micromol/l per min on pegvisomant (P=0.037). Mean+/-s.d. IS (by HOMA %S) was unchanged over the course of the study (149.1+/-43.7% on OT vs 139.9+/-76.6% on pegvisomant, P=0.28). Mean+/-s.d. pancreatic beta-cell secretory function (HOMA %B) improved significantly on pegvisomant compared with OT (49.4+/-19.2% vs 82.4+/-43.5%, P=0.01). No statistically significant change in total fat (P=0.3), % fat (P=0.28) or circulating non-esterified fatty acids (P=0.35) was observed. CONCLUSIONS: IS and glucose tolerance improved in patients converted from OT therapy to pegvisomant, without a change in body composition and even when serum IGF-I concentrations remained equally well controlled. This may be an important factor in the choice of medical therapy for patients with acromegaly.

Insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose in first degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-596
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Siewko ◽  
Anna Popławska-Kita ◽  
Beata Telejko ◽  
Rafał Maciulewski ◽  
Anna Zielińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Fasting Plasma
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